"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers
The article deals about education process for Turkie-Mussulmans in the news paper «Terdjiman».
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| Datum: | 2002 |
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| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | English |
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Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України
2002
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| Schriftenreihe: | Культура народов Причерноморья |
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| Zitieren: | "Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers / W. Gankiewicz // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2002. — № 27. — С. 138-140. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
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irk-123456789-1084502016-11-04T03:03:45Z "Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers Gankiewicz, W. Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления The article deals about education process for Turkie-Mussulmans in the news paper «Terdjiman». В статье рассматривается роль газеты «Терджиман» в просветительских процессах тюрко-мусульманских народов. У статті розглядається роль газети «Терджиман» у процесах освіти тюрко- мусульманських народів. 2002 Article "Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers / W. Gankiewicz // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2002. — № 27. — С. 138-140. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. 1562-0808 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/108450 en Культура народов Причерноморья Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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English |
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Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления |
| spellingShingle |
Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления Gankiewicz, W. "Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers Культура народов Причерноморья |
| description |
The article deals about education process for Turkie-Mussulmans in the news paper
«Terdjiman». |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Gankiewicz, W. |
| author_facet |
Gankiewicz, W. |
| author_sort |
Gankiewicz, W. |
| title |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers |
| title_short |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers |
| title_full |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers |
| title_fullStr |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers |
| title_full_unstemmed |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers |
| title_sort |
"terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the mohammedan readers |
| publisher |
Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України |
| publishDate |
2002 |
| topic_facet |
Текст как объект лингвокультурологического осмысления |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/108450 |
| citation_txt |
"Terdjiman" paper and problems of education of the Mohammedan readers / W. Gankiewicz // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2002. — № 27. — С. 138-140. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Культура народов Причерноморья |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT gankiewiczw terdjimanpaperandproblemsofeducationofthemohammedanreaders |
| first_indexed |
2025-07-07T21:31:45Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-07T21:31:45Z |
| _version_ |
1837025361492180992 |
| fulltext |
“TERDJIMAN” PAPER AND PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION OF THE
MOHAMMEDAN READERS
Dr. GANKIEWICZ W.
В статье рассматривается роль газеты «Терджиман» в просветительских процессах
тюрко-мусульманских народов.
Ключевые слова: просветительские процессы, газета «Терджиман», тюрко-
мусульманские народы.
У статті розглядається роль газети «Терджиман» у процесах освіти тюрко-
мусульманських народів.
Ключові слова: процеси освіти, газета «Терджиман», тюрко-мусульманські народи.
The article deals about education process for Turkie-Mussulmans in the news paper
«Terdjiman».
Key words: education process, news paper «Terdjiman», Turkie-Mohammedans.
The importance of such figure as Ismail Gasprinski (1851 – 1914) in the
history of the Turkey cultures on the turn of XIX – XX centuries is great. We must say
that the great son of the Crimean Tatars became the real spiritual leader of many
Mohammedan nations. His spiritual legacy belongs to all Turkie-Mohammedans, to all
East.
Important aspect in the research of out-look position of the “Terdjiman” paper
is the analysis of the paper’s ideology. (In most cases editorships’ position was identical
with I.Gasprinski’s one). In fact the paper appeared and developed with public
movement of the Turkie-Mohammedans peoples, called “ğadidism”, which was
strengthening in that period.
I.Gasprinski was at the outset of that progressive phenomenon’s formation and
his paper became a real voice of ğadidism. Here, the meaning of ğadidism must not be
regarded as narrow one which led to radical reformations in education and
enlightenment spheres. It is evidently that to the beginning of the XX ct. ğadidism
became a public movement for renovation of all sides of the Turkie-Mohammedans
people life at least in Russian impire [1].
To my opinion the appearance of all-Turkie paper “Terdjiman” and the birth of
ğadidism in the same time is not accidentally. It was caused by aspirations of the
progressive forces among, the Turkie-mohammedans peoples to adopt themselves to the
changing situation in enlightenment, economy, society and politics in the end of the XX
ct.
In that situation I.Gasprinski took a decision to begin with the enlightenment.
He understood that it was necessary to start with rather accessible things. The
enlightened knew that mass media could in short time reform the Turkie-Mohammedans
society. From another side it was necessary to inculcate and to fix in Mohammedan’s
minds the idea of press creation. It was much more necessary because the
Mohammedan’s attitude to their language and literature was very careful. A great deal
was perceived through religious dogmatism prism. A tedious enlightening work was
necessary.
The first efforts to create published works in the Turkie language were made
by I.Gasprinski in the end of 70-s beginning of 80-s in XIX ct. They were both
propagandistic and printing. The first was not quite successful. In his letter to
Djamalitdin Validov I.Gasprinski wrote about it [2]. The literary party organized by the
enlightened in 1881 in Kazan, where he, perhaps, was going to discuss the problem
about necessity of the Mohammedan press had failed. The second gave much hope.
I.Gasprinski Happened to have a real support from famous azerbaijan editors – brothers
Jemal and Seit Ouncy-Zade [3]. Soon he got the permition for organizing his own
printing-house and began his first printing experiences [4].
Appealing to the Turkie-Mohammedans society in summer in 1881
I.Gasprinski wrote: “It is known that the doctrine and knowledge present a Symbol of
Islamizm; but this is realizable when people has in its language books, schools, science,
literature and printing” [5]. In that case the last component for all-Mohammedan umma
in the Russian impire was not enough. The quality of others in comparison with those of
the European people, of course, had to be better.
I.Gasprinski decided to begin enlightening reformations with printing. He tried
to persuade his bellow-believers that “for millions of Russian Mohammedans it is
necessary to create in native language books, literature and printing at all” [6]. The
things obvious for him evoked definite suspicion in the Mohammedan society.
That is why beginning his activity I.Gasprinski limited his ideas by the
enlightenment. He wrote that in his future publication the Mohammedan reader would
be able to find only “publications providing general education, different sciences and
arts, devoted to problems of upbringing and teaching of children, translations taken
from Russian laws and instructions, different news, stories and poems of the Tatar
people” [7].
Many publications where I.Gasprinski asked for subscription and
dissemination of his paper show difficulties in first years of formation of “Terdjiman”
paper. Even some years later in his interview to Sergei Philippov the enlightened told
that it was difficult for him not only financially but much more “because of the
conditions under which my newspaper is in our Mohammedan world” [8].
The paper “Terdjiman” had been yet some kind of “wonder” in the
Mohammedan society in Russian impire. But I.Gasprinski didn’t give up. He used
popular educational method. He took a rule – “graduality”. First the editor limited
himself with constatation of “bare facts” and gave simple information about different
things. Only some years later he was ready to use some elements of criticism on the
paper page. Even that fact caused problems with readers.
For many years the “Terdjiman” paper was an unprofitable one. Only on the
eve of the XX th anniversary it began to be worth-while. The Ukrainian orientalist
Agathangel Krimski, who knew the enlightened very well, wrote that the paper didn’t
give any profits. I.Gasprinski had to earn money by completing orders and lithographic
works [9].
Thus and so, only to the beginning of the XX ct. a group of readers was
formed, who were interested in press. Of course, it was I.Gasprinski’s merit, who in fact
educated his readers among progressive and civilized Mohammedans.
To that moment process of reformation in educational system and
dissemination of enlightenment became irreversible. The process of reformation in
economy developed intensively too. In the beginning of the XX ct. the main problems
for the Turkie-Mohammedans world in Russian impire were the problems of national
policy formation and public-political elite. Ğadidism was taking more new positions
[10].
In connection with this there is a row of scholary problems. The first question
is collection of historical sources, devoted to the past of that unique publication – the
spiritual legacy of the Turkie-Mohammedans peoples. Complex studing of its materials
is waiting for the scholars. Investigates of that record of culture need in objective
analysis of odd scientific and popular works, devoted to the “Terdjiman” paper.
Literature:
1. Ганкевич В.Ю. Газета “Переводчик-Терджиман” и вопросы воспитания
мусульманских читателей // Исмаил Гаспринский – просветитель народов
Востока. К 150-летию со дня рождения. Материалы международной научной
конференции.– М.: НИИ теории и истории изобразительных искусств
Российской Академии художеств, 2001. – С. 201.
2. Валидов Дж. Очерк истории образованности и литературы татар (до революции
1917 г.). – М. - Пг .: Гиз, 1923. – С. 52.
3. Гаспринский И. Предтечи «Терджимана» // Таврические ведомости. – 1993.–
№ 37; // Янъы дюнья.– 1993, 24 сентября. – № 49; (// Терджиман. – 1301,
7 сафара.– № 24).
4. Ганкевич В.Ю. На службе правде и просвещению. Краткий биографический
очерк Исмаила Гаспринского (1851 – 1914). – Симферополь: Доля, 2000. –
С. 103 – 113.
5. [Обращение И. Гаспринского к потенциальным подписчикам]. – СПб.: Тип.
Императорской Академии Наук, 1881. – С. 1.
6. [Обращение И. Гаспринского к потенциальным подписчикам].– СПб.: Тип.
Императорской Академии Наук, 1881. – С. 1.
7. [Обращение И.Гаспринского к потенциальным подписчикам].– СПб.: Тип.
Императорской Академии Наук, 1881. – С. 2.
8. Филиппов С. По Крыму. Отражения.– М.: Изд-во тип. А. Левинсон, 1889.–
С. 74.
9. Кримський А.Ю. Література кримських татар // Студії з Криму. – І – ІХ. – К.,
1930.– С. 171.
10. Ганкевич В.Ю. Газета “Переводчик-Терджиман” и вопросы воспитания
мусульманских читателей // Исмаил Гаспринский – просветитель народов
Востока. К 150-летию со дня рождения. Материалы международной научной
конференции. – М.: НИИ теории и истории изобразительных искусств
Российской Академии художеств, 2001. – С. 204.
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