Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия)
В работе суммированы все известные и новые места находок Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775) в Словакии. Кроме того, на основании наших данных обсуждается распространение, гипсометрические требования и вариабельность дизайна передних крыльев....
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irk-123456789-1094052016-11-28T03:02:54Z Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) Panigaj, L. Kulfan, M. Краткие сообщения В работе суммированы все известные и новые места находок Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775) в Словакии. Кроме того, на основании наших данных обсуждается распространение, гипсометрические требования и вариабельность дизайна передних крыльев. Here we summarize all known and new localities with occurrence of Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) in Slovakia. Furthermore, based on our data we discuss distribution, hypsometric claims and variability of forewings design. 2012 Article Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) / L. Panigaj, M. Kulfan // Вестник зоологии. — 2012. — Т. 46, № 3. — С. 281-285. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. 0084-5604 DOI 10.2478/v10058-012-0024-y http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109405 595.782:591.9(292.451/454) en Вестник зоологии Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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Краткие сообщения Краткие сообщения |
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Краткие сообщения Краткие сообщения Panigaj, L. Kulfan, M. Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) Вестник зоологии |
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В работе суммированы все известные и новые места находок Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775) в Словакии. Кроме того, на основании наших данных обсуждается распространение, гипсометрические требования и вариабельность дизайна передних крыльев. |
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Article |
| author |
Panigaj, L. Kulfan, M. |
| author_facet |
Panigaj, L. Kulfan, M. |
| author_sort |
Panigaj, L. |
| title |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) |
| title_short |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) |
| title_full |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) |
| title_fullStr |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) |
| title_sort |
распространение и биономика udea alpinalis (lepidoptera, pyralidae) в западных карпатах (словакия) |
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Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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2012 |
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Краткие сообщения |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109405 |
| citation_txt |
Распространение и биономика Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) в Западных Карпатах (Словакия) / L. Panigaj, M. Kulfan // Вестник зоологии. — 2012. — Т. 46, № 3. — С. 281-285. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
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UDC 595.782:591.9(292.451/454)
DISTRIBUTION AND BIONOMICS OF UDEA ALPINALIS
(LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE) IN WESTERN CARPATHIANS
(SLOVAKIA)
Ľubomír Panigaj1, Miroslav Kulfan2
1 Department of Zoology, Institut of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science
University of P. J. Šafárik, Moyzes str. 11, 041 67 Košice, Slovak Republic,
E-mail: lubomir.panigaj@upjs.sk
2 Comenius University, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Mlynská dolina B-1,
84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic,
E-mail: kulfan@fns. uniba. sk
Received 15 September 2011
Accepted 10 November 2011
Distribution and Bionomics of Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) in Western Carpathians (Slovakia).
Panigaj Ľ., Kulfan M. – Here we summarize all known and new localities with occurrence of Udea
alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) in Slovakia. Furthermore, based on our data we discuss dis-
tribution, hypsometric claims and variability of forewings design.
Ke y wo r d s: Alpine pearl, Udea alpinalis, Lepidoptera, distribution, variability.
Ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå è áèîíîìèêà Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) â Çàïàäíûõ Êàðïàòàõ
(Ñëîâàêèÿ). Ïàíãàé Ë., Êóëôàí Ì. – Â ðàáîòå ñóììèðîâàíû âñå èçâåñòíûå è íîâûå ìåñòà íàõî-
äîê Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) â Ñëîâàêèè. Êðîìå òîãî, íà îñíîâàíèè íàøèõ
äàííûõ îáñóæäàåòñÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå, ãèïñîìåòðè÷åñêèå òðåáîâàíèÿ è âàðèàáåëüíîñòü äèçàéíà
ïåðåäíèõ êðûëüåâ.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñ ëîâ à: Udea alpinalis, Lepidoptera, ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå, èçìåí÷èâîñòü.
Introduction
In Western Carpathians, the members of the genus Udea Guenée, 1845 inhabit mainly higher moun-
tain altitudes. Apart from Udea alpinalis (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) the following Udea species occur in
Western Carpathians: Udea uliginosalis (Stephens, 1834), U. decrepitalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848), U. inquina-
talis (Lienig et Zeller, 1846) and U. nebulalis (Hübner, 1796). Likewise, U. cyanalis (La Harpe, 1855),
U. hamalis (Thunberg, 1788), U. rhododendronalis (Duponchel, 1831) and U. austriacalis (Herrich- Schäffer,
1851) live within the area of other Central European mountains. According to several authors, these species
belong to alpine, boreo-alpine and boreo-montane element of lepidopterofauna. They occur in subalpine,
eventually up to alpine zone of high mountains, therefore their distribution coincides with high mountain
ranges. Several other species of the family Pyralidae with similar distribution are known, for example Orenaia
alpestralis (Fabricius, 1787) and Eudonia vallesialis (Duponchel, 1832). U. alpinalis is habitually similar to
U. uliginosalis, which is exclusively alpine element. Based on the morphological and molecular analysis Mally
and Nuss (2011) showed that these two species from the Udea genus are phylogenetically the closest. Here
we summarize all available information according to our best knowledge and present new data on distribu-
tion and biology of U. alpinalis in Western Carpathians. Field research showed that, besides the area of Slovak
mountains, U. alpinalis populated territories outside the high mountains as well. Therefore, goal of our
research was to determine the range and reasons for such extended occurrence.
Material and methods
Data were collected between the years 2005—2010 in the area of High Tatras and high mountains in its
proximity. We used sampling by entomologic net or visual recognition. Overall, we captured 84 males and
23 females. All samples are deposited in the Zoology department of PF UPJŠ in Košice. Collection was used
for determination of wingspan and variability of drawing and colour. Field observations were supplemented
with already published data.
Vestnik zoologii, 46(3): e-41—e-45, 2012
DOI 10.2478/v10058-012-0024-y
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Results and Discussion
Distribution
Udea alpinalis is distributed in the mountains of temperate and submeridional
Europe – Carpathians, Alps, Pyrenees, Balkans (fig. 1.). As for Carpathian arch,
except Western Carpathians its occurrence was also confirmed in Western Ukraine –
Eastern Carpathians: Beskydy and Gorgany Mts. (Ivano-Frankovska and Zakarpatska
oblasts) (Kosakevitsch 1974; Bizdilya et al. 2006), in the Polish Carpathians – Tatras
(Buszko, Mikkola and Nowacki 2000), and Bieszczady: Zatwarnica (leg. M. Mleczak).
According to Kosakevitsch (1974), distribution of U. alpinalis across Russia is unknown.
However in Catalogue of the lepidopterans (Lepidoptera) of Russia (2008) isolated
population in western Caucasus is observed.
According to published data U. alpinalis was formerly found in the following Slovak
localities: Lesser and Greater Fatra (Malá Fatra and Veľká Fatra) and High and Low
Tatras (Hrubý 1964; Reiprich and Okáli 1989). The new localities and last findings
point out to another character of distribution in Slovakia (fig. 2.).
New records: Zvolen – Javorie Mt. (leg. J. Patočka), Lesser Fatra: Medziholie;
Low Tatras: Vajskovská dolina walley, Jasná, Trangoška, chata M. R. Štefánika chalet,
Ohnište, Lajštroch; Western Tatras: Červenec, Babky, Sivý vrch Mt., Žiarska chata
chalet, Žiarske sedlo saddleback; High Tatras: Turkova dolina walley, Popradské pleso
lake, Velická poľana, Velické pleso lake; Belianske Tatras: Rakúska poľana, chata
Plesnivec chalet, Zadné Meďodoly, Biele pleso lake, Kopské sedlo saddleback; Slovak
Paradise: Kopanecké lúky meadows; Spišská Magura Mts.: Jezersko (leg. Ľ. Panigaj);
e-42 Ľ. Panigaj, M. Kulfan
Fig. 1. Distribution of Udea alpinalis in Europe.
Ðèñ. 1. Ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå Udea alpinalis â Åâðîïå.
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Western Tatras: Oravice (leg. I. Richter); Spišská Magura Mts.: Bachledova dolina
walley, Ždiar – Strednica; Belianske Tatras: Muráň, Predné Meďodoly, Zadné
Meďodoly; High Tatras: Bielovodská dolina walley; Lesser Fatra: Chleb – Chlebský
kotol basin, Suchý (leg. M. Kulfan). In Slovakia alpine pearl is also known from the
Eastern Carpathians – Bukovské vrchy hills: Ruské sedlo saddleback (leg. Ľ. Panigaj).
Expected occurrence of U. alpinalis was not confirmed in some of the mountains in
area of Slovenské rudohorie with altitude 1200—1400 m above sea level.
Bionomics
Vertical distribution of U. alpinalis in Western Carpathians is between altitudes of
600—800 to 1600—1800 m, optimally at 1350 (fig. 3). It has not been confirmed that
geological bedrock shapes the vertical distribution. In Eastern Carpathians in Ukraine
U. alpinalis occurs from altitude of 800—900 m to dwarf pine level (Kosakevitsch 1974).
Laštůvka (1994) presents atypical occurrence of the alpine pearl from Pálava Landscape
Protected Area in Czech Republic (Stolová hill, altitude 458 m). According to differ-
ent authors, wingspan of U. alpinalis is varying between following values: 25 mm,
24—28 mm or 24—26 mm (Hanneman, 1964). Collected specimens from Western
Carpathians had wingspan 24.3—27.6 mm. Shape and size of white spot on forewing of
U. alpinalis is greatly varying (fig. 4). U. alpinalis is the only species from the genus
Udea with such variability. Occurrence of aberrative forms collected in different local-
ities of Western Carpathians was accidental; influence of different abiotic or biotic fac-
tors was not observed. U. alpinalis and U. uliginosalis occur together in the same local-
ity sporadically. An interesting phenomenon was observed in High Tatras where U. ulig-
inosalis only seldom descends close to valleys below glacier’s shelves located at altitude
of about 1700—1800 m – e. g. in Velická dolina valley, below Batizovské plesá moun-
e-43Distribution and Bionomics of Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)...
Fig. 2. Records of Udea alpinalis in Slovakia: ● – 1 locality in map square; ● – 2—4 localities in map
square; ● – more than 4 localities in map square.
Ðèñ. 2. Íàõîäêè Udea alpinalis â Ñëîâàêèè: ● – 1 ìåñòîíàõîæäåíèå â êâàäðàòå êàðòû; ● – 2—4 ìåñòî-
íàõîæäåíèé â êâàäðàòå êàðòû; ● – áîëåå 4 ìåñòîíàõîæäåíèé â êâàäðàòå êàðòû.
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tain lakes, in Veľká studenovodská dolina valley, etc. On the other hand, U. alpinalis
passes upwards across this barrier only seldom – e. g. in Temnosmrečinská or Velická
dolina valleys.
Conclusion
Based on our research we can conclude that:
– Udea alpinalis is European (central-western European) boreoalpine species,
living probably on whole continent.
– Occurrence in Western Carpathians is limited to the highest mountains – High
and Low Tatras Mts., Greater and Lesser Fatra Mts., Babia hora Mts., Levočské moun-
tains and Bukovské hills (already in Eastern Carpathians).
e-44 Ľ. Panigaj, M. Kulfan
Fig. 3. Altitude of records of Udea alpinalis in Slovakia.
Ðèñ. 3. Âûñîòà íàõîäêè Udea alpinalis â Ñëîâàêèè.
0
5
10
15
20
25
600–800 800–1000 1000–1200 1200–1400 1400–1600 1600–1800 1800–2000
Altitude
N
u
m
be
r
of
l
oc
al
it
ie
s
Fig. 4. Variability of forewing of Udea alpinalis from Western Carpathians. Eight different aberrative forms of
forewing design were found: 1 – High Tatras: Turková dolina valley, 6.07.1996, male – typical form; 2 –
Western Tatras: Žiarska dolina valley, 11.07.2004, male; 3 – Belianske Tatras: Biele pleso lake, 12.07.2003,
male; 4 – Belianske Tatras: Kopské sedlo saddleback, 20.08.2006, female; 5—7 – Belianske Tatras: Rakúska
poľana, 10.07.2003 males; 8 – Lesser Fatra: Rozsutec Mt., 9.07.2007, male – all leg., det. and
col. Ľ. Panigaj.
Ðèñ. 4. Âàðèàáåëüíîñòü ïåðåäíèõ êðûëüåâ Udea alpinalis èç Çàïàäíûõ Êàðïàò. Íàéäåíî âîñåìü àáåð-
ðàöèé ôîðìû ïåðåäíèõ êðûëüåâ.
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– It seems that U. uliginosalis is the closest species to U. alpinalis.
– Except the high mountainous areas (largely subalpine or alpine zone)
U. alpinalis live also at lower altitudes in the zone of coniferous vegetation, its habit-
able range is between 700 to 1800 m above the sea level with optimum in Western
Carpathians 1350 m.
– Drawings of forewings in Udea spp. show significant variability without known
reason.
This study was supported by the grants No. 1/3259/06, 1/0155/08, 1/0477/10 and 1/0137/11 of the
Slovak Scientific Grant Agency (VEGA).
Bidzilya O., Budashkin Ju., Kljuchko Z. et al. A contribution to the Knowledge of Lepidoptera of the south-
eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathian // Praci zoologitchnogo muzeju. – 2006. – 4. – P. 21—53. –
Ukrainian : Á³äç³ëÿ Î., Áóäàøê³í Þ., Êëþ÷êî Ç. òà ³í. Äî ôàóíè ëóñêîêðèëèõ (Lepidoptera) ï³â-
äåííî-ñõ³äíî¿ ÷àñòèíè óêðà¿íñüêèõ Êàðïàò.
Buszko J. Mikkola K., Nowacki J. Motyle (Lepidoptera) Tatr Polskich. Cześć I. Wstep, przeglad gatunków,
geneza fauny // Wiadomości Entomologiczne. – 2000. –Suppl. 19. – 44 p.
Catalogue of the lepidopterans (Lepidoptera) of Russia / Ed. S. Yu. Sinev. – St.Petersburg : KMK Sci Press
and Inst Technol Res Publ. 2008. – 424 p. – Russian : Êàòàëîã ÷åøóåêðûëûõ Ðîññèè / Ïîä ðåä.
Ñ. Þ. Ñèíåâà.
Hannemann H. J. Kleinschmetterlinge oder Microlepidoptera II. Die Wickler (s. l.) (Cochylidae und
Carposidae). Die Zünslerartigen (Pyraloidea) // Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. – 1964. – 50. – 401 S.
Hrubý K. Prodromus Lepidopter Slovenska. – SAV Bratislava, 1964. – 936 s.
Kosakevitsch S. M. Species of the Genus Udea Gn. (Lepidoptera, Pyraustidae) in the Western Regions of the
Ukraine // Vestnik zoologii. – 1974. – N 3. – P. 53—59. – Russian : Êîçàêåâè÷ Ç. Ì. Ëóãîâûå
îãíåâêè ðîäà Udea Gn. (Lepidoptera, Pyraustidae) çàïàäà Óêðàèíû.
Laštůvka Z. Motýli rozšířeného území CHKO Pálava (Lepidoptera of the Protected Landscap Area
Pálava). – Brno : University of Agricultur, 1994. – 119 s.
Mally R., Nuss M. Molecular and morphological phylogeny of European Udea Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera:
Pyraloidea) // Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny – 2011. – 69, 1. – P. 55—71.
Reiprich A., Okáli I. Doplnky k Prodromu Lepidopter Slovenska 2. zv. – Bratislava : Biol. Práce 1989. –
112 s.
e-45Distribution and Bionomics of Udea alpinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)...
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