Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area
Forty-one species of naked amoebas were found in the different types of waterbodies of Zhytomyr and Volyn’ parts of Ukrainian Polissya region. The major part of species of naked amoebas in this region demonstrated the prevalence to living in a certain type of water body that possible depends on the...
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Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України
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irk-123456789-1094182016-11-29T03:02:21Z Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area Patcyuk, M.K. Dovgal, I.V. Краткие сообщения Forty-one species of naked amoebas were found in the different types of waterbodies of Zhytomyr and Volyn’ parts of Ukrainian Polissya region. The major part of species of naked amoebas in this region demonstrated the prevalence to living in a certain type of water body that possible depends on the hydrochemical and trophic parameters of water. The limnetic and floodplain species complexes of amoebas are distinguished in Ukrainian Polissya. В водоёмах разного типа Житомирского и Волынского Полесья Украины был обнаружен 41 вид голых амёб. Большая часть видов голых амеб в регионе демонстрирует определенные предпочтения к обитанию в отдельных типах водоема, что, вероятно, связано с комплексом гидрохимических и трофических факторов. Выделены два видовых комплекса голых амеб: озерный и связанный с поймами рек 2012 Article Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area / M.K. Patcyuk, I.V. Dovgal // Вестник зоологии. — 2012. — Т. 46, № 4. — С. 355–360. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 0084-5604 DOI 10.2478/v10058-012-0028-7 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109418 593.121(477.41/.42) en Вестник зоологии Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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Краткие сообщения Краткие сообщения Patcyuk, M.K. Dovgal, I.V. Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area Вестник зоологии |
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Forty-one species of naked amoebas were found in the different types of waterbodies of Zhytomyr and Volyn’ parts of Ukrainian Polissya region. The major part of species of naked amoebas in this region demonstrated the prevalence to living in a certain type of water body that possible depends on the hydrochemical and trophic parameters of water. The limnetic and floodplain species complexes of amoebas are distinguished in Ukrainian Polissya. |
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Patcyuk, M.K. Dovgal, I.V. |
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Patcyuk, M.K. Dovgal, I.V. |
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Patcyuk, M.K. |
| title |
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area |
| title_short |
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area |
| title_full |
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area |
| title_fullStr |
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area |
| title_sort |
biotopic distribution of naked amoebas (protista) in ukrainian polissya area |
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Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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2012 |
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Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area / M.K. Patcyuk, I.V. Dovgal // Вестник зоологии. — 2012. — Т. 46, № 4. — С. 355–360. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
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Вестник зоологии |
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AT patcyukmk biotopicdistributionofnakedamoebasprotistainukrainianpolissyaarea AT dovgaliv biotopicdistributionofnakedamoebasprotistainukrainianpolissyaarea |
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2025-07-07T23:01:52Z |
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2025-07-07T23:01:52Z |
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1837031031564140544 |
| fulltext |
UDC 593.121(477.41/.42)
BIOTOPIC DISTRIBUTION OF NAKED AMOEBAS (PROTISTA)
IN UKRAINIAN POLISSYA AREA
M. K. Patcyuk1, I. V. Dovgal2
1 I. Franko Zhytomir State University
Pushkin str., 42, Zhytomir, 10002 Ukraine
E-mail: kostivna@ukr.net
2 Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the NAS of Ukraine
B. Chmielnicky str., 15, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
E-mail: dovgal@izan.kiev.ua
Received 3 January 2012
Accepted 28 May 2012
Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area. Patcyuk M. K.,
Dovgal I. V. – Forty-one species of naked amoebas were found in the different types of waterbodies of
Zhytomyr and Volyn’ parts of Ukrainian Polissya region. The major part of species of naked amoebas
in this region demonstrated the prevalence to living in a certain type of water body that possible depends
on the hydrochemical and trophic parameters of water. The limnetic and floodplain species complexes
of amoebas are distinguished in Ukrainian Polissya.
Ke y wo r d s: naked amoebas, biotop, type of waterbody, Ukrainian Polissya.
Áèîòîïè÷åñêîå ðàñïðåäåëåíèå ãîëûõ àì¸á (Protista) â Óêðàèíñêîì Ïîëåñüå. Ïàöþê Ì. Ê.,
Äîâãàëü È. Â. –  âîäî¸ìàõ ðàçíîãî òèïà Æèòîìèðñêîãî è Âîëûíñêîãî Ïîëåñüÿ Óêðàèíû áûë
îáíàðóæåí 41 âèä ãîëûõ àì¸á. Áîëüøàÿ ÷àñòü âèäîâ ãîëûõ àìåá â ðåãèîíå äåìîíñòðèðóåò îïðå-
äåëåííûå ïðåäïî÷òåíèÿ ê îáèòàíèþ â îòäåëüíûõ òèïàõ âîäîåìà, ÷òî, âåðîÿòíî, ñâÿçàíî ñ êîì-
ïëåêñîì ãèäðîõèìè÷åñêèõ è òðîôè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ. Âûäåëåíû äâà âèäîâûõ êîìïëåêñà ãîëûõ àìåá:
îçåðíûé è ñâÿçàííûé ñ ïîéìàìè ðåê.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñ ëîâ à: ãîëûå àì¸áû, áèîòîï, òèï âîäîåìà, Óêðàèíñêîå Ïîëåñüå.
Introduction
The naked amoebas is a group of morphologically and ecologically similar but not affined organisms; taxa
of naked amoebas at present time are incorporated into several macrotaxa of eukaryotes (Adl et al., 2005). The
naked amoebas inhabit different aquatic biotopes with various conditions. However, some aspects of autecol-
ogy of the naked amoebas including their biocoenotic distribution are scantily known. It is a widespread opin-
ion that the species of free-living protists including naked amoebas have a cosmopolitan distribution and are
ubiquists (Fenchel, 1987). The aim of this article is to analyze relative prevalence of different amoeban species
to certain types of waterbodies under conditions of Ukrainian Polissya.
Material and methods
The material was collected by the first author during 2010 and 2011 in 124 localities in Zhytomyr and
Volyn parts of Ukrainian Polissya (fig. 1); 395 samples were collected in 44 rivers, 32 flood-plain waterbod-
ies, 20 soil-reclamation canals, 28 flood-plain bogs and 23 lakes (Lakes of Shatsk). Samples (water with roiled
sediments) were collected by hand and transported in the glass vessels to the laboratory without fixation. Cloning
of amoebas was performed in Petri dishes on non-nutrient agar with Page’s (1988) method. Amoebas were inves-
tigated using the microscope Axio Imager M1 with differential interferential contrast at the center of collec-
tive usage of scientific equipment «Animalia» of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, Kyiv. Identification of amoe-
bas was performed in two stages. Firstly was defined for which morphotype shared the organism (Smirnov,
Goodkov, 1999; Smirnov, Brown, 2004), and then species were identified, where possible (Page, 1988,
Smirnov et al., 2007; Smirnov, 2008).
Vestnik zoologii, 46(4): e-36—e-41, 2012
DOI 10.2478/v10058-012-0028-7
Êðàòêèå ñîîáùåíèÿ
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The similarity between species compositions in different waterbodies was estimate using cluster analysis
with PAST 1.92 software (Hammer et al., 2001) using Chekanowski-Serensen’s (Dice in PAST) and
Shymkevich-Simpson’s (Simpson in PAST) indexes (Pesenko, 1982).
The frequency of naked amoebas occurrences was estimated as part of samples which contain the
species per general number of samples.
In this work we used the typification of continental waters after Konstantinov (1986) and Romanenko
(2001).
Results and discussion
Fourty-one species of the naked amoebas were found in the different types of
waterbodies in the region. Twenty-four species of Gymnamoebia were found in flood-
plain waterbodies, only 8 species observed in soil-reclamation canals and 14 species in
bogs whereas both in rivers and Lakes of Shatsk were found 20 species (table 1).
Twenty-three species were recorded in single type of waterbodies. Thus, 12 species,
Amoeba proteus Leidy, 1878, Polychaos sp., Thecamoeba sphaeronucleolus (Greeff, 1891)
Page, 1977, Saccamoeba wakulla Bovee, 1972, Mayorella penardi Page, 1972, Mayorella
viridis Leidy, 1874, Rhizamoeba sp. (2), Cochliopodium sp. (2), Stygamoeba sp., Pellita
digitata (Greef, 1866) Smirnov et Kudryavtsev, 2004, Arachnula impatiens Cienkowski,
1876 and Penardia mutabilis Cash, 1904 were found only in lakes; 3 species: Thecamoeba
quadrilineata Carter, 1856, Thecamoeba verrucosa (Echrenberg, 1838) Gläser, 1912 and
Korotnevella diskophora Smirnov, 1999 were found only in floodplain waterbodies; 2 species:
Ripella sp. and Rhizamoeba sp. (1) in bogs whereas 2 other species: Mayorella sp. (2) and
Willaertia sp. found in rivers only.
Such species as Vexillifera sp., Mayorella sp. (1) and Saccamoeba sp. (1) were found
in all types of investigated waterbodies and possibly are eurytopic; 18 other species have
a wide range of ecological valence.
In the result of the cluster analysis based on Czekanowski-Serensen similarity index
(table 2 and fig. 2), the largest share of joint species of naked amoebas was observed between
rivers and floodplain lakes (0.81) whereas the least similarity in species compositions was
observed between bogs and lakes (0.17).
e-37 M. K. Patcyuk, I. V. Dovgal
Fig. 1. Collecting sites (marked by black spots) of naked amoebas in the investigated region.
Ðèñ. 1. Ïóíêòû ñáîðà ìàòåðèàëà (îòìå÷åíû ÷åðíûìè òî÷êàìè) ïî ãîëûì àìåáàì â ðåãèîíå èññëåäî-
âàíèÿ.
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e-38Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area
Ta b l e 1. Distribution of the naked amoebas species throughout the different types of waterbodies in Ukrainian
Polissya («+» – species presented, «-» – species absent)
Ò à á ëèö à 1. Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå âèäîâ ãîëûõ àì¸á ïî òèïàì âîäî¸ìîâ Óêðàèíñêîãî Ïîëåñüÿ («+» – âèä
ïðèñóòñòâóåò, «-» – âèä îòñóòñòâóåò)
Species
Type of waterbody
river bog canal
flood-
plain
lake
Amoeba proteus Leidy, 1878 — — — — +
Polychaos sp. — — — — +
Deuteramoeba mycophaga Pussard, Alabouvette,
Lemaitre et Pons, 1980
+ — — + —
Thecamoeba striata Penard, 1890 + + + + —
Thecamoeba sphaeronucleolus (Greeff, 1891) Page, 1977 — — — — +
Thecamoeba quadrilineata Carter, 1856 — — — + —
Thecamoeba verrucosa (Echrenberg, 1838) Gläser, 1912 — — — + —
Paradermamoeba levis Smirnov et Goodkov, 1994 + — — + —
Paradermamoeba valamo Smirnov et Goodkov, 1993 + — — + —
Stenamoeba stenopodia (Page, 1969) Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao
et Cavalier-Smith, 2007
— + — + —
Saccamoeba stagnicola Page, 1974 + — — + —
Saccamoeba wakulla Bovee, 1972 — — — — +
Saccamoeba sp. (1) + + + + +
Saccamoeba sp. (2) + + — + —
Saccamoeba sp. (3) + — — + +
Mayorella penardi Page, 1972 — — — — +
Mayorella vespertilioides Page, 1983 + — — + +
Mayorella cantabrigiensis Page, 1983 + + — + —
Mayorella viridis Leidy, 1874 — — — — +
Mayorella sp. (1) + + + + +
Mayorella sp. (2) + — — — —
Korotnevella stella (Shaeffer, 1926) Goodkov, 1988 + — — + —
Korotnevella diskophora Smirnov, 1999 — — — + —
Korotnevella sp. (1) — — — + +
Korotnevella sp. (2) — — — + +
Vexillifera sp. + + + + +
Vannella cf. lata Page, 1988 + + + + —
Ripella playtpodia (Glaeser, 1912) Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao et
Cavalier-Smith, 2007
— — — — +
Ripella sp. — + — — —
Flamella sp. + + + + —
Rhizamoeba sp. (1) — + — — —
Rhizamoeba sp. (2) — — — — +
Vahlkampfia sp. (1) + + + + —
Vahlkampfia sp. (2) + + + + —
Willaertia sp. + — — — —
Cochliopodium sp. (1) + + — + —
Cochliopodium sp. (2) — — — — +
Stygamoeba sp. — — — — +
Pellita digitata (Greef, 1866) Smirnov et Kudryavtsev, 2004 — — — — +
Arachnula impatiens Cienkowski, 1876 — — — — +
Penardia mutabilis Cash, 1904 — — — — +
To t a l 20 14 8 24 20
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The two complexes of amoeba species: limnetic (complex of Lakes of Shatsk) and
associated with flood-lands were observed in investigated waterbodies (fig. 2).
In the result of the cluster analysis based on Szymkievicz-Simpson index, which in
contrast to Czekanowski-Serensen index has a weak dependence on the levels of knowl-
edge on the biotopes (Pesenko, 1982) the similar consequences were obtained (table 2,
fig. 3).
The reliability of obtained results is good supports by Bootstrap analysis: the prob-
abilities of main clusters (which corresponding to limnetic and floodplain specific com-
plexes of naked amoebas) comprise 100 % for both indexes (fig. 2, 3).
e-39 M. K. Patcyuk, I. V. Dovgal
Fig. 2. The similarity between species compositions in different types of waterbodies regarding Czekanowski-
Serensen index (in the nodes of dendrogram marked the probabilities of clusters (%) resulting Bootsrap ana -
lysis with 1000 repositions).
Ðèñ. 2. Ñõîäñòâî âèäîâîãî ñîñòàâà ãîëûõ àì¸á â âîäîåìàõ ðàçíûõ òèïîâ ïî èíäåêñó ×åêàíîâñêîãî-
Ñåðåíñåíà (â óçëàõ äåíäðîãðàììû óêàçàíû âåðîÿòíîñòè êëàñòåðîâ (â %) ïî ðåçóëüòàòó Bootsrap-àíà-
ëèçà ïðè 1000 ïåðåñòàíîâîê).
100
99
95
76
0 1 2 3 4 5
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
C
h
ek
an
ow
sk
i-
S
e
re
ns
en
's
in
de
x
La
ke
Fl
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dp
la
in
R
iv
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B
og
C
an
al
Ta b l e 2. The similarity between species compositions in different types of waterbodies (over diagonal placed the
values of Czekanowski-Serensen index and under diagonal placed the values of Szymkievicz-Simpson index)
Òàáëèöà 2. Èíäåêñû ôàóíèñòè÷åñêîãî ñõîäñòâà ìåæäó âèäîâûìè êîìïëåêñàìè ãîëûõ àìåá âîäîåìîâ ðàçíûõ
òèïîâ (íàä äèàãîíàëüþ çíà÷åíèÿ èíäåêñà ×åêàíîâñêîãî-Ñåðåíñåíà, ïîä äèàãîíàëüþ – çíà÷åíèÿ èíäåêñà
Øèìêåâè÷à-Ñèìïñîíà)
Type of waterbody Rriver Bog Canal Floodplain Lake
River — 0.64 0.57 0.81 0.25
Bog 0.78 — 0.72 0.63 0.17
Canal 1.00 1.00 — 0.50 0.21
Floodplain 0.90 0.85 1.00 — 0.31
Lake 0.25 0.21 0.37 0.35 —
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As noted above the species composition of naked amoebas in Lakes of Shatsk is enough
specific (table 2, fig 2, 3). 12 above listed stenotopic species which were found only in
these lakes (table 1) define the originality of the limnetic complex of naked amoebas species.
This is most likely due to specific environmental conditions in the lakes.
However, some species of naked amoebas recorded as stenotopic in this work are
rare and scanty.
For example, the frequency of occurrences of Amoeba proteus was 1.5 %, Polychaos
sp. – 3 %, Thecamoeba sphaeronucleolus – 2 %, Saccamoeba wakulla 1.89 %, Mayorella
penardi – 0.5 %, M. viridis – 1.21 %, Rhizamoeba sp. (2) – 2.98 %, Pellita digitata –
3.05 % and Ripella sð. – 3.2 % in contrast with the frequency of occurrences of
Cochliopodium sp. (2) was 7.35 %, Stygamoeba sp. – 9.84 %, Arachnula impatiens and
Penardia mutabilis – 6.45 % and Thecamoeba quadrilineata 7.3 %.
When taken into account the species of naked amoebas found in several types of water
bodies, most of them may be assigned to the complex of floodplain, which is possibly
derived from the river fauna.
Based on these data, the majority of naked amoebas in this region demonstrates the
prevalence to living in a certain type of water body that possibly depend on the hydro-
chemical and trophic parameters in these reservoirs.
However, further studies is needed in particular on the influence of abiotic factors
(such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and dissolved organic matter) on gymnamoe-
bas and their seasonal variation.
e-40Biotopic Distribution of Naked Amoebas (Protista) in Ukrainian Polissya Area
Fig. 3. The similarity between species compositions in different types of waterbodies regarding Szymkievicz-
Simpson index (in the nodes of dendrogram marked the probabilities of clusters (%) resulting Bootsrap anal-
ysis with 1000 repositions).
Ðèñ. 3. Ñõîäñòâî âèäîâîãî ñîñòàâà ãîëûõ àì¸á â âîäîåìàõ ðàçíûõ òèïîâ ïî èíäåêñó Øèìêåâè÷à-Ñèìïñîíà
(â óçëàõ äåíäðîãðàììû óêàçàíû âåðîÿòíîñòè êëàñòåðîâ (â %) ïî ðåçóëüòàòó Bootsrap-àíàëèçà ïðè
1000 ïåðå ñòàíîâîê).
100
99
40
96
0 1 2 3 4 5
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
S
h
ym
ke
vi
ch
-S
im
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on
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B
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C
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R
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The authors are greatly obliged to A. Goodkov, A. Smirnov, and L. Chistyakova (St. Petersburg, Russia)
for advising on the methods of investigations and identification of naked amoebas, and V. Kharchenko (Kiev,
Ukraine) for assistance with the use of the microscope Axio Imager M1.
Adl S., Simpson A., Farmer M. et al. The new higher level classification of Eukaryotes with emphasis on the
taxonomy of Protists // J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. – 2005. – 52, 5. – P. 399—432.
Fenchel T. Ecology of Protozoa. The biology of free-living phagotrophic protists. – Berlin : Springer, 1987. –
197 p.
Hammer Ø., Hurper D. A. T., Ryan P. D. PAST: Paleontological Statistics software package for education and
data analysis // Paleontologica electronica. – 2001 – 4, 1. – P. 1—9.
Konstantynov A. S. General hydrobiology. – Moscow : Vysshaya Shkola, 1986. – 472 p. – Russian :
Êîíñòàíòèíîâ À. Ñ. Îáùàÿ ãèäðîáèîëîãèÿ.
Page F. C. A new key to freshwater and soil gymnamoebae // Freshwater Biological Association. – Cumbria,
Ambleside, 1988. – 122 p.
Pesenko Yu. A. Principles and methods of qualitative analysis of faunistic investigations. – Moscow : Nauka,
1982. – 285 p. – Russian : Ïåñåíêî Þ. À. Ïðèíöèïû è ìåòîäû êîëè÷åñòâåííîãî àíàëèçà â ôàó-
íèñòè÷åñêèõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ.
Romanenko V. D. Fundamentals of hydroecology. Kiev : Oberegy, 2001. – 728 p. – Ukrainian : Ðîìàíåíêî
Â. Ä. Îñíîâè ã³äðîåêîëî㳿.
Smirnov A., Goodkov A. An illustrated list of basic morphotypes of Gymnamoebia (Rhizopoda, Lobosea) //
Protistology. – 1999. – 1. – P. 20—29.
Smirnov A., Brown S. Guide to the methods of study and identification of soil gymnamoebas // Protistology. –
2004. – 3. – P. 148—190.
Smirnov A., Nassonova E., Chao E., Cavalier-Smith T. Phylogeny, evolution and taxonomy of vannellid amoe-
bae // Protist. – 2007. – 158. – P. 295—324.
Smirnov A. Amoebas, Lobose // Encyclopedia of Microbiology/ Ed. M. Schaechter. – Oxford : Elsevier, 2008. –
P. 558—577.
e-41 M. K. Patcyuk, I. V. Dovgal
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/EmitDSCWarnings false
/EndPage -1
/ImageMemory 524288
/LockDistillerParams true
/MaxSubsetPct 100
/Optimize true
/OPM 1
/ParseDSCComments true
/ParseDSCCommentsForDocInfo true
/PreserveCopyPage true
/PreserveDICMYKValues true
/PreserveEPSInfo true
/PreserveFlatness true
/PreserveHalftoneInfo false
/PreserveOPIComments false
/PreserveOverprintSettings true
/StartPage 1
/SubsetFonts false
/TransferFunctionInfo /Apply
/UCRandBGInfo /Preserve
/UsePrologue false
/ColorSettingsFile ()
/AlwaysEmbed [ true
]
/NeverEmbed [ true
]
/AntiAliasColorImages false
/CropColorImages true
/ColorImageMinResolution 150
/ColorImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleColorImages true
/ColorImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/ColorImageResolution 150
/ColorImageDepth -1
/ColorImageMinDownsampleDepth 1
/ColorImageDownsampleThreshold 2.00000
/EncodeColorImages true
/ColorImageFilter /DCTEncode
/AutoFilterColorImages false
/ColorImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG
/ColorACSImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.76
/HSamples [2 1 1 2] /VSamples [2 1 1 2]
>>
/ColorImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.76
/HSamples [2 1 1 2] /VSamples [2 1 1 2]
>>
/JPEG2000ColorACSImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/JPEG2000ColorImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/AntiAliasGrayImages false
/CropGrayImages true
/GrayImageMinResolution 150
/GrayImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleGrayImages true
/GrayImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/GrayImageResolution 150
/GrayImageDepth -1
/GrayImageMinDownsampleDepth 2
/GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 2.00000
/EncodeGrayImages true
/GrayImageFilter /DCTEncode
/AutoFilterGrayImages true
/GrayImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG
/GrayACSImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.76
/HSamples [2 1 1 2] /VSamples [2 1 1 2]
>>
/GrayImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.15
/HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1]
>>
/JPEG2000GrayACSImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/JPEG2000GrayImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/AntiAliasMonoImages false
/CropMonoImages true
/MonoImageMinResolution 1200
/MonoImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleMonoImages true
/MonoImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/MonoImageResolution 600
/MonoImageDepth -1
/MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000
/EncodeMonoImages true
/MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode
/MonoImageDict <<
/K -1
>>
/AllowPSXObjects false
/CheckCompliance [
/None
]
/PDFX1aCheck false
/PDFX3Check false
/PDFXCompliantPDFOnly false
/PDFXNoTrimBoxError true
/PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
]
/PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true
/PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
]
/PDFXOutputIntentProfile (None)
/PDFXOutputConditionIdentifier ()
/PDFXOutputCondition ()
/PDFXRegistryName (http://www.color.org?)
/PDFXTrapped /False
/SyntheticBoldness 1.000000
/Description <<
/ENU (Versita Adobe Distiller Settings for Adobe Acrobat v6)
/POL (Versita Adobe Distiller Settings for Adobe Acrobat v6)
>>
>> setdistillerparams
<<
/HWResolution [2400 2400]
/PageSize [2834.646 2834.646]
>> setpagedevice
|