Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis
In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from 57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to different types of pollution make up an essent...
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irk-123456789-1097902016-12-15T03:02:50Z Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis Kolodochka, L.A. Shevchenko, O.S. Фауна и систематика In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from 57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to different types of pollution make up an essential part in each species complex. The species diversity and complexity of oribatid community structure at researched areas increased with distance from the city center. There was no direct relation between the degree of dominance of most common species and the cemetery’s relative remoteness from the center of the city. Установлено, что в почвах, подстилке, мхах и лишайниках на территории трех мемориальных комплексов (кладбищ) г. Киева (Украина) обитают 70 видов 57 родов 34 семейств клещей-орибатид (Acari, Oribatei). Основу видовых комплексов составляют эвритопные виды, устойчивые к разнообразным типам загрязнения среды. Видовое разнообразие и сложность структуры сообществ клещей-орибатид обследованных территорий увеличиваются от центра города к окраине. Непосредственная связь степени доминирования наиболее массовых видов с удаленностью от центра города не установлена. 2013 Article Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis / L.A. Kolodochka, O.S. Shevchenko // Вестник зоологии. — 2013. — Т. 47, № 4. — С. 291–297. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 0084-5604 DOI 10.2478/vzoo-2013-0030 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109790 595.42:504 en Вестник зоологии Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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Фауна и систематика Фауна и систематика Kolodochka, L.A. Shevchenko, O.S. Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis Вестник зоологии |
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In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from 57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to different types of pollution make up an essential part in each species complex. The species diversity and complexity of oribatid community structure at researched areas increased with distance from the city center. There was no direct relation between the degree of dominance of most common species and the cemetery’s relative remoteness from the center of the city. |
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Kolodochka, L.A. Shevchenko, O.S. |
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Kolodochka, L.A. Shevchenko, O.S. |
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Kolodochka, L.A. |
| title |
Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis |
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Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis |
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Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis |
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Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis |
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Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis |
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diversity and community structure of oribatid mites (acari, oribatei) at memorial complexes of a megapolis |
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Інститут зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена НАН України |
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2013 |
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Фауна и систематика |
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Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis / L.A. Kolodochka, O.S. Shevchenko // Вестник зоологии. — 2013. — Т. 47, № 4. — С. 291–297. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
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Вестник зоологии |
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AT kolodochkala diversityandcommunitystructureoforibatidmitesacarioribateiatmemorialcomplexesofamegapolis AT shevchenkoos diversityandcommunitystructureoforibatidmitesacarioribateiatmemorialcomplexesofamegapolis |
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2025-07-07T23:39:48Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-07T23:39:48Z |
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1837033420649136128 |
| fulltext |
UDC 595.42:504
DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ORIBATID
MITES (ACARI, ORIBATEI) AT MEMORIAL COMPLEXES
OF A MEGAPOLIS
L. A. Kolodochka, O. S. Shevchenko
Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of NAS of Ukraine
vul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
E-mail: leon@izan.kiev.ua, ollglen@ukr.net
Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a
Megapolis. Kolodochka L. A., Shevchenko O. S. – In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens
and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from
57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to dif-
ferent types of pollution make up an essential part in each species complex. The species diversity and
complexity of oribatid community structure at researched areas increased with distance from the city
center. There was no direct relation between the degree of dominance of most common species and
the cemetery’s relative remoteness from the center of the city.
Ke y wo r d s: oribatid mites, urban cemetery, Ukraine.
Ñîñòàâ è ñòðóêòóðà ñîîáùåñòâ êëåùåé íàäñåìåéñòâà Oribatåi â ïî÷âàõ ìåìîðèàëüíûõ êîìïëåêñîâ
ìåãàïîëèñà. Êîëîäî÷êà Ë. À., Øåâ÷åíêî À. Ñ. – Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî â ïî÷âàõ, ïîäñòèëêå, ìõàõ è
ëèøàéíèêàõ íà òåððèòîðèè òðåõ ìåìîðèàëüíûõ êîìïëåêñîâ (êëàäáèù) ã. Êèåâà (Óêðàèíà) îáè-
òàþò 70 âèäîâ 57 ðîäîâ 34 ñåìåéñòâ êëåùåé-îðèáàòèä (Acari, Oribatei). Îñíîâó âèäîâûõ êîì-
ïëåêñîâ ñîñòàâëÿþò ýâðèòîïíûå âèäû, óñòîé÷èâûå ê ðàçíîîáðàçíûì òèïàì çàãðÿçíåíèÿ ñðåäû.
Âèäîâîå ðàçíîîáðàçèå è ñëîæíîñòü ñòðóêòóðû ñîîáùåñòâ êëåùåé-îðèáàòèä îáñëåäîâàííûõ òåð-
ðèòîðèé óâåëè÷èâàþòñÿ îò öåíòðà ãîðîäà ê îêðàèíå. Íåïîñðåäñòâåííàÿ ñâÿçü ñòåïåíè äîìèíè-
ðîâàíèÿ íàèáîëåå ìàññîâûõ âèäîâ ñ óäàëåííîñòüþ îò öåíòðà ãîðîäà íå óñòàíîâëåíà.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñ ëîâ à: îðèáàòèäíûå êëåùè, ãîðîäñêîå êëàäáèùå, Óêðàèíà.
Introduction
Oribatid mites (Sarcoptiformes) have been regarded as important part of invertebrates engaged in soil
formation. Analysis of their communities is used to evaluate soils in natural and disturbed habitats (Key...,
1975). Urban anthropogenic pressure on soil cover and plant and animal communities is diverse; some ter-
ritories are less disturbed and play the part of refugia where species vulnerable to different forces of extinc-
tion may still exist, while at adjacent areas they may decline or disappear. Species richness of organism com-
munities that thrive at such refugia is, of course, higher and may later account for restoration of other more
depleted habitats. Among such urban territories are parks, squares, vast and extensive lawns at recreation
zones as well as zones of alienation alongside transport superhighways, islands of natural plant communities
and cemeteries. It can be argued that for soil microarthropods, particularly soil mites, a cemetery is a com-
plex web of ecotons, inside which emerges a system of species-narrow refugia. Anthropogenic pressure leads
to constant fragmentation of microlandscape and alteration of natural processes of litter decomposition that
influence the structure of oribatid community.
Areas, on which burial complexes are by law allowed to function, must meet such criteria as dry and
breathable soils and low levels of subterranean waters. These factors form the initial soil fauna. Due to devel-
oped though spotty plant cover combined with absence of over-watered soils, a cemetery, given time,
becomes the habitat for relatively rich communities of soil organisms such as oribatid mites.
Among other ecological factors should be mentioned the lower annual oscillations of temperature due
to artificial surfaces covering the soil (pavements, monuments etc.) – covered soils are in average warmer then
naked grounds (McIntyre et al., 2001) and thus the mites are better able to withstand the coldest winters.
There are different kinds of burial grounds in different types of settlements. Urban cemeteries are areas
of spottily changed soil cover under relatively weak day-to-day anthropogenic pressure. Architecture design
is traditional here (monuments, tombstones, etc.). This artificial structure climate-wise has much in common
Vestnik zoologii, 47(4): 291—297, 2013
DOI 10.2478/vzoo-2013-0030
Ôàóíà è ñèñòåìàòèêà
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with contemporary urban architectural ensemble of stones, bricks, asphalt and islands of greenery. The spa-
tial organization of cemetery’s territory can be cautiously considered ecologically as highly reduced model of
city landscape.
While researching oribatid mite communities in the megapolis we aimed to achieve new data on their
structure and species diversity on urban areas under diverse anthropogenic pressure. Burial grounds were cho-
sen on the premise that they fall under one of these categories.
We couldn’t find any previous research of such kind except for the article on invertebrates (among
them, mites) from burial chambers in Spain (Hidalgo-Arguello et al., 2003). Any special research of oribatid
mites in soils of urban burial complexes was not carried out earlier in Ukraine.
Material and methods
Samples were taken in July—September 2012 on three cemeteries in Kyiv city: Lukianivske (plot 1),
Baikove (plot 2) and Lisove (plot 3). The pine-and-oak forest adjoining the Lisove cemetery (plot 4) has
been selected to compare to plot 3.
Lukianivske (opened in 1871) and Baikove (opened in 1834) cemeteries are nearer to the center of the
city then the Lisove cemetery (opened in 1970). The latter lies on the border of city and forest (re-planted
after the WWII). For the purpose of standardization, samples of soil (125 cm3) and litter (near 200 cm3) were
taken under Acer negundo and Picea sp. trees that could be found on plots 1—3. Also, we collected samples
of mosses, lichens and unspecified substrate (near 200 cm3). The mites were extracted with Berlese tunnels
in 70 % ethanol and mounted on slides in Hoyer liquid, species identified with keys (Key…, 1975;
Pavlichenko, 1994, Sergienko, 1994).
Data on oribatid species complexes from under Acer negundo and Picea sp. are combined to observe
common tendencies of a plot. Differencies in these species complexes are not discussed in this paper.
Statistical analysis was carried out in MS Excel 2003 and PAST; we used Shannon, Simpson, Sorensen
indexes and Berger–Parker index (Caruso et al., 2007). We also used Paliy–Kovnatsky index (relative dom-
inance of a species in a community): more then 10 % – dominant; from 1 to 10 % – eusubdominant; from
0.1 to 1 % – subdominant; less then 0.1 % – secondary member of community. More information on this
index is given in Shitikov et al. (2003). Morphoecological types were ascertained according to Krivolutzsky
(1965).
Results and discussion
There were 70 species of 57 genera from 34 families of Oribatids from soil, litter
and other organic substrate on studied areas: 37 species in soil, 34 species in epiphitic
mosses, lichens and unspecified organic substrate as well as 61 oribatid species in litter.
It may be concluded from table 1 that eurytopic species T. velatus and O. tibialis
that belong to unspecialized morphoecological type are the dominants in most of the
studied complexes of oribatid species. Other species weren’t always present at all of the
plots and their dominance levels are more variable.
Of the superfamily Ceratozetoidea, P. punctum was present in soil and litter at
every plot. This species was eusubdominant on plot 3 and subdominant on plot 4. Other
species of that superfamily, X. kieviensis and T. novus, were absent at plot 4, and
C. mediocris was collected only at plots 1 and 2.
Specimens of R. à. affinis (Ptyctima) were common everywhere, while E. monodacty-
lus and S. personatus were much rarer. There is evidence of eurytopic preferences of
R. à. affinis and S. laevigatus (Oripodoidea) (Strenzke, 1952; Murvanidze et al., 2011).
Specimens of E. rauschenensis (Oripodoidea) (Seniczak et al., 1998) are consid-
ered sensitive to air nitric pollution. This case may explain the oribatid presence only
in pine-oak associations on outskirts of the city (site 4). Other species, T. velatus and
T. novus, have been characterized in the cited article as tolerant to all levels of nitric
pollution. Our data support this conclusion as T. novus was more common nearer to
the city center then on its edge.
It should be noted that oribatid community in pine-and-oak forest (plot 4) differs
greatly in structure from other mentioned communities. Though there are no dominant
species, there are 11 eusubdominant species (most of them from superfamilies
Belboidea and Oppioidea). Absence of any species capable of higher dominance is a
sign of more stable community in the forest than at other plots.
292 L. A. Kolodochka, O. S. Shevchenko
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293Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei)...
Ta b l e 1. Structure of dominance in oribatid species complexes from different substrates on studied areas
(Paliy-Kovnatskiy index)
Ò à á ëèö à 1. Ñòðóêòóðà äîìèíèðîâàíèÿ âèäîâ â êîìïëåêñàõ êëåùåé-îðèáàòèä â ïî÷âàõ, ìõàõ è
ëèøàéíèêàõ íà èçó÷åííûõ ó÷àñòêàõ (èíäåêñ Ïàëèÿ-Êîâíàöêîãî)
No t e. ++++ – dominant; +++ – eusubdominant; ++ – subdominant; + – secondary member;
• – the species is present in this type of substrate. 1—4 – numbers of studied plots. S – soil; L – litter; O –
epiphitic mosses, lichens and unspecified organic substrate.
Species
Plot Substrate
1 2 3 4 S L O
Hypochthoniella minutissima (Berlese, 1904) ++ • •
Brachychthonius immaculatus (Forsslund, 1942) + • •
Liochthonius brevis (Michael, 1888) ++ •
L. propinquus Niedbala, 1972 + •
Euphthiracarus monodactylus (Willmann, 1919) ++ •
Rhysotritia ardua affinis Sergienko, 1989 ++ + +++ + • • •
Microtritia minima (Berlese, 1904) + •
Steganacarus personatus Niedbala, 1983 ++ • •
Phthiracarus pallidus Feider et Suciu, 1958 + ++ •
Nothrus borussicus Sellnick, 1928 + + •
N. silvestris Nicolet, 1855 + + • •
Camisia biurus (Koch, 1839) + ++ • • •
Platynothrus peltifer (C. L. Koch, 1839) + •
Trhypochthonius conspectus Sergienko, 1991 + ++ • •
Hermanniella dolosa Grandjean, 1931 + •
Ceratozetes macromediocris Shaldybina, 1970 ++ • • •
C. mediocris Berlese, 1908 + +++ + • • •
Micreremus gracilior (Willmann, 1931) ++ ++ + • • •
Cymbaeremaeus cymba (Nicolet, 1855) + + •
Tectocepheus velatus (Michael, 1880) ++++ ++++ ++++ +++ • • •
Carabodes areolatus Berlese, 1916 ++ • •
Gymnodamaeus sp. ++ ++ • •
Hypodamaeus riparius (Nicolet, 1855) + •
Spatiodamaeus subverticillipes (Bulanova-
Zachvatkina, 1957)
+ + • •
Belba corynopus (Hermann, 1804) ++ •
Metabelba papillipes (Nicolet, 1855) ++ +++ • • •
Metabelba pulverulenta (Koch, 1839) + ++ ++ • •
Ctenobelba tuberculata Kulijew, 1966 + •
Fosseremeus laciniatus (Berlese, 1905) + •
Autogneta longilamellata (Michael, 1885) + •
Oppiella nova (Oudemans, 1902) +++ ++ + +++ • • •
Multioppia sp. + +++ • •
Microppia minus (Paoli, 1908) ++ ++ •
Oppia sp. 1 + + +++ • • •
Oppia sp. 2 + + +++ • • •
Oppia sp. 3 + + +++ • • •
Oppia sp. 4 ++ • •
Suctobelbella sp. 1 + + +++ • • •
Suctobelbella sp. 2 + +++ • •
Quadroppia quadricarinata (Michael, 1885) +++ • •
Adoristes poppei (Oudemans, 1906) + ++ •
Dorycranosus moraviacus (Willmann, 1954) + + + • •
Liacarus brevilamellatus Mihelčič, 1955 ++ + • •
L. subterraneus (Koch, 1844) + •
Xenillus tegeocranus (Hermann, 1804) + •
Cultroribula bicultrata (Berlese, 1905) ++ •
Furcoribula furcillata (Nordenskiold, 1901) + +++ + • • •
Protoribates capucinus Berlese, 1908 + •
P. longior Berlese, 1908 + • •
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No t e: 1—4 – numbers of studied plots.
Subdominant and secondary member species, which are the majority of the found
mites, compose the specific species complexes in each of investigated plot.
Oribatids like the Suctobelbidae and Oppiidae families that inhabit shallow soil
pores and surface-dweller mites of the Belbidae family were most numerous at the plot
4. Surface-dwellers of the Galumnidae family were most numerous at the plot 2
(Baikove cemetery). No prevalent morphoecological type of oribatids characterized
other plots.
According to the increase in Shannon index values (in table 2), the studied plots
can be arranged in such sequence: plot 1 –> plot 2 –> plot 3 –> plot 4. It is consis-
tent with the common tendency of increase in biodiversity from the urban centre to its
outskirts. Species richness (according to Margalef index) and evenness (Simpson index)
in studied communities increases similarly from plot 1 to plot 4. Increase in evenness
of species implies higher stability of community (Magurran, 1992). Thus the research
of oribatid communities from several urban cemeteries of Kyiv placed in different sites
of city has shown that their species complexes and community structures vary in accor-
dance with its location in the city.
The results of Berger—Parker index don’t support the aforementioned order of
plots; the index values increase in the sequence of plot 4 –> plot 2 –> plot 3 –> plot
294 L. A. Kolodochka, O. S. Shevchenko
Table 1.
Îêîí÷àíèå òàáë. 1.
Species
Plot Substrate
1 2 3 4 S L O
Scheloribates laevigatus (Koch, 1836) ++ ++ + • •
Eporibatula rauschenensis (Sellnick, 1908) ++ • •
Oribatula tibialis (Nicolet, 1855) ++++ ++++ + • • •
Zygoribatula frisiae Oudemans, 1900 + ++ +++ • • •
Protoribates lophotrichus (Berlese, 1904) + •
Trichoribates novus (Sellnick, 1928) +++ ++ + + • • •
Chamobates cuspidatus (Michael, 1884) ++ + • • •
Ch. subglobulus (Oudemans, 1900) + + •
Xiphobates kieviensis (Shaldybina 1980) + + + •
Punctoribates mundus Shaldybina, 1973 + •
P. punctum (Koch, 1839) + + +++ ++ • • •
Eupelops nepotulus (Berlese, 1916) ++ + • •
Peloptulus phaenotus (C. L. Koch, 1844) + • •
Oribatella calcarata (Koch, 1835) + •
Licneremaeus sp. + •
Scutovertex rugosus Mihelčič, 1957 + ++ • •
Eremaeus silvestris Forsslund, 1957 ++ •
Acrogalumna longipluma (Berlese, 1904) ++ + • •
Pilogalumna allifera (Oudemans, 1919) ++ +++ + • • •
Galumna sp. 1 + +++ ++ ++ • •
Galumna sp. 2 ++ ++ + •
Ta b l e 2. Biodiversity indexes for studied areas
Ò à á ëèö à 2. Íåêîòîðûå èíäåêñû áèîðàçíîîáðàçèÿ äëÿ èçó÷åííûõ òåððèòîðèé
Index
Plot
1 2 3 4
Shannon 2.064 2.278 2.592 2.961
Berger—Parker 0.3892 0.2737 0.2977 0.1147
Simpson 0.7867 0.8399 0.8565 0.9336
Margalef 4.023 4.695 5.607 5.628
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1. It is possible that, as a result, the Berger-Parker index’ value is influenced by total
number of species with low population density and this determines originality and orga-
nization complexity of each community. Therefore the structure of oribatid species
complex of Lukianivske cemetery appears more “simplified” in comparison with other
plots because it has two dominants and the least total number of species (fig. 1—4).
The likely causes of low similarity between species lists (table 3) are differences in
initial types of plant cover (coniferous forests weren’t usual at Baikove and Lukianivske
cemeteries) and in the history of development of each plot.
Having studied oribatid mites communities at some of the Kyiv cemeteries, we
conclude that their species complexes and community structures depend on their place-
ment in the city and history of development of plant associations. A few eurytopic
species, namely T. velatus, R. a. affinis, P. punctum, Z. frisiae, O. tibialis and O. nova
can be found on every plot. Mites of T. velatus were dominant or common on the stu-
died cemeteries. A few subdominant species especially in mite communities at ceme-
295Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei)...
Fig. 1. Relative abundance of oribatid species in the plot 1, Lukianivske cemetery.
Ðèñ. 1. Îòíîñèòåëüíîå îáèëèå âèäîâ îðèáàòèä ó÷àñòêà 1, Ëóêüÿíîâñêîå êëàäáèùå.
Fig. 2. Relative abundance of oribatid species in the plot 2, Baikove cemetery.
Ðèñ. 2. Îòíîñèòåëüíîå îáèëèå âèäîâ îðèáàòèä ó÷àñòêà 2, Áàéêîâîå êëàäáèùå.
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teries in the central part of city are known to be tolerant of various types of pollution.
Other species were less numerous.
The “urban center—outskirts” gradient reflects the increase of diversity (Shannon
index) as well as the evenness of species (Simpson index). According to Margalef index
species richness increases in likewise direction. And yet as shown by Berger—Parker
index the highest degree of dominance of the most common species doesn’t necessar-
ily correlate with distance from the city centre.
296 L. A. Kolodochka, O. S. Shevchenko
Fig. 3. Relative abundance of oribatid species in the plot 3, Lisove cemetery.
Ðèñ. 3. Îòíîñèòåëüíîå îáèëèå âèäîâ îðèáàòèä ó÷àñòêà 3, Ëåñíîå êëàäáèùå.
Fig. 4. Relative abundance of oribatid species in the plot 4, pine-and-oak forest.
Ðèñ. 4. Îòíîñèòåëüíîå îáèëèå âèäîâ îðèáàòèä ó÷àñòêà 4, ñîñíîâî-äóáîâûé ëåñ.
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Management and microclimate conditions influence the mosaic patterns of pre-
sence and dominance of mite species at the cemetery. Some of the microbiotope bor-
ders are elements of sepulchral architecture restricting the movement of arthropods and
some are natural limits of synusia. In turn, mosaic relief allows for diversity of ecolo-
gical niches that conducts to occurrence of complicated system of ecotones.
References
Caruso T., Pigino G., Bernini F. et al. The Berger—Parker index as an effective tool for monitoring the bio-
diversity of disturbed soils: a case study on Mediterranean oribatid (Acari: Oribatida) assemblages //
Biodivers. Conserv. – 2007. – 16. – P. 3277—3285.
Hidalgo-Arguello M. R., Diez Banos N., Fregeneda Grandea J., Prada Marcos E. Parasitological analysis of
Leonese royalty from college-basilica of St. Isidoro, Leon (Spain): helminths, protozoa and mites // J.
Parasiol. – 2003. – 89, N 4. – P. 738—743.
Krivolutsky D. Morpho-ecological types of oribatid mites (Acariformes, Oribatei) // Zoologicheskii
Zhurnal. – 1965. – 44, N 8. – P. 1168—1181. – Russian : Êðèâîëóöêèé Ä. À. Ìîðôî-ýêîëîãè÷å-
ñêèå òèïû ïàíöèðíûõ êëåùåé (Acariformes, Oribatei).
Magurran A. Environmental diversity and its measurement. – Ìoscow : Mir, 1992. – 184 p. – Russian :
Ìýãàððàí Ý. Ýêîëîãè÷åñêîå ðàçíîîáðàçèå è åãî èçìåðåíèå.
McIntyre N. E., Rango J., Fagan W. F., Faeth S. H. Ground arthropod community structure in a heteroge-
neous urban environment // Landscape and Urban Planning. – 2001. – 52, N 4. – P. 257—274.
Murvanidze M., Kvavadze E., Mumladze L., Arabuli T. Comparison of earthworms (Lumbricidae) and orib-
atid mite (Acari, Oribatida) communities in natural and urban ecosystems // Vestnik zoologii. –
2011. – 45, N 4. – P. 16–24.
Key of soil Sarcoptiformes / Ed. M. S. Giljarov. – Ìoscow : Nauka, 1975. – 491 p. – Russian :
Îïðåäåëèòåëü îáèòàþùèõ â ïî÷âå êëåùåé Sarcoptiformes.
Pavlichenko P. G. A guide to the ceratozetoid mites (Oribatei, Ceratozetoidea) of Ukraine. – Êiev, 1994. –
142 p. – Russian : Ïàâëè÷åíêî Ï. Ã. Îïðåäåëèòåëü öåðàòîçåòîèäíûõ êëåùåé (Oribatei, Cerato -
zetoidea) Óêðàèíû.
Seniczak S, Dabrowski J, Klimek A, Kaczmarek S. Effects of air pollution produced by a nitrogen fertilizer
factory on the mites (Acari) associated with young Scots pine forests in Poland // Appl. Soil Ecol. –
1998. – 9, N 1. – P. 453—458.
Sergienko G. D. The Lower Oribatidae. – Kyiv : Naukova dumka, 1994. – 204 p. – (Fauna of Ukraine.
Mites ; Vol. 25, is. 21). – Russian : Ñåðãèåíêî Ã. Ä. Íèçøèå îðèáàòèäû. Ôàóíà Óêðàèíû.
Shitikov V. K., Rosenberg G. S., Zinchenko T. D. Quantitative hydro-ecology: methods of system identifica-
tion. – Tolyatti : IEVB RAN, 2003. – 463 ð. – Russian : Øèòèêîâ Â. Ê., Ðîçåíáåðã Ã. Ñ., Çèí÷åí -
êî Ò. Ä. Êîëè÷åñòâåííàÿ ãèäðîýêîëîãèÿ: ìåòîäû ñèñòåìíîé èäåíòèôèêàöèè.
Received 22 February 2013
Accepted 20 May 2013
297Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei)...
Ta b l e 3. Similarity of species lists at studied plots (Sorensen index)
Ò à á ëèö à 3. Ñõîäñòâî âèäîâîãî ñîñòàâà îðèáàòèä íà èññëåäîâàííûõ ó÷àñòêàõ (èíäåêñ Ñú¸ðåíñåíà)
Plot
Plot
1 2 3 4
1
2 0.1786
3 0.147 0.2571
4 0.1746 0.213 0.2987
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