Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces
The possibility of using zeolites in decontaminants applied for cleaning up radioactively contaminated working clothes and surfaces is studied. It has been established that zeolites can be used for decontamination of working clothes, as well as, working surfaces presented by metals, ceramic tile, wo...
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
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irk-123456789-1104042017-01-05T03:02:32Z Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces Lonin, A.Y. Krasnopyorova, A.P. Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных The possibility of using zeolites in decontaminants applied for cleaning up radioactively contaminated working clothes and surfaces is studied. It has been established that zeolites can be used for decontamination of working clothes, as well as, working surfaces presented by metals, ceramic tile, wood coated with paint or varnish, glass. The data on different zeolite-based decontaminant in comparison with a known detergent ”Zashchita” are given. Досліджено можливість використання цеолітів у засобах для дезактивації спецодягу, робочих поверхонь. Встановлено, що цеоліти можуть бути використані для дезактивації спецодягу, а також робочих поверхонь представлених - металом, керамічною плиткою, деревом покритим фарбою або лаком, склом. Наведені порівняльні дані різних складів на основі цеолітів з відомим дезоктивуючим засобом "Захист". Исследована возможность использования цеолитов в средствах дезактивации спецодежды, рабочих поверхностей. Установлено, что цеолиты могут быть использованы для дезактивации спецодежды, а также рабочих поверхностей представленных - металлом, керамической плиткой, деревом покрытым краской или лаком, стеклом. Приведены сравнительные данные различных составов на основе цеолитов с известным дезактивирующим средством "Защита". 2007 Article Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces / A.Y. Lonin, A.P. Krasnopyorova // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2007. — № 5. — С. 122-125. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 82.75.Qt http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/110404 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных |
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Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных Lonin, A.Y. Krasnopyorova, A.P. Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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The possibility of using zeolites in decontaminants applied for cleaning up radioactively contaminated working clothes and surfaces is studied. It has been established that zeolites can be used for decontamination of working clothes, as well as, working surfaces presented by metals, ceramic tile, wood coated with paint or varnish, glass. The data on different zeolite-based decontaminant in comparison with a known detergent ”Zashchita” are given. |
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Article |
| author |
Lonin, A.Y. Krasnopyorova, A.P. |
| author_facet |
Lonin, A.Y. Krasnopyorova, A.P. |
| author_sort |
Lonin, A.Y. |
| title |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| title_short |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| title_full |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| title_fullStr |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| title_sort |
use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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2007 |
| topic_facet |
Ядернo-физические методы и обработка данных |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/110404 |
| citation_txt |
Use of zeolites for decontamination of radioactively contamined working surfaces / A.Y. Lonin, A.P. Krasnopyorova // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2007. — № 5. — С. 122-125. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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AT loninay useofzeolitesfordecontaminationofradioactivelycontaminedworkingsurfaces AT krasnopyorovaap useofzeolitesfordecontaminationofradioactivelycontaminedworkingsurfaces |
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2025-07-08T00:34:27Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-08T00:34:27Z |
| _version_ |
1837036856832688128 |
| fulltext |
USE OF ZEOLITES FOR DECONTAMINATION OF
RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINED WORKING SURFACES
A.Yu. Lonin1∗, A.P. Krasnopyorova2
1National Science Center ”Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, 61108, Kharkov, Ukraine
2Kharkov National University, Kharkov, Ukraine
(Received April 2, 2007)
The possibility of using zeolites in decontaminants applied for cleaning up radioactively contaminated working clothes
and surfaces is studied. It has been established that zeolites can be used for decontamination of working clothes, as
well as, working surfaces presented by metals, ceramic tile, wood coated with paint or varnish, glass. The data on
different zeolite-based decontaminant in comparison with a known detergent ”Zashchita” are given.
PACS: 82.75.Qt
1. INTRODUCTION
During employment of nuclear power objects one
of the methods providing the safety of personnel is
radioactive decontamination of working clothes and
surfaces followed by the radioactive waste utiliza-
tion and disposal. Formerly, for decontamination
of working surfaces and materials one used different
reagents selected with taking into account the prop-
erties of surfaces and materials subjected to process-
ing. For equipment decontamination used are alkali,
permanganate of potassium and oxalic acid. Decon-
tamination of rooms is performed by means of the
water solution of oxalic acid with addition of hex-
ametaphosphate and sulphonol. For decontamina-
tion of working clothes and footwear one uses the
solutions containing salt-forming components: oxalic
acid, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and de-
tergents (sulphonol, soap).
Solutions, obtained after decontamination have
had a large volume and required an additional treat-
ment in the process of radwaste utilization and dis-
posal [1-3].
In resent years, adsorption agents are widely used
for radioactive decontamination. They are speci-
fied by the universal use in regard to working sur-
faces and materials and allow one to reduce sub-
stantially the decontamination sinks. At the most
part of Ukrainian APPs ones use for decontamination
of equipment, rooms and personnel an ion-exchange
resin-based detergent ”Zashchita” (produced in Rus-
sia). However, the use of adsorption agents has some
disadvantages:
- low decontamination coefficient;
- presence of an abrasive effect for chrome-plated
surfaces and surfaces of glass and organic glass;
- necessity in the additional charge for waste uti-
lization associated with ion-exchange resin decompo-
sition and subsequent immobilization of radioactive
waste.
A material, used in this work, was natural zeolite
- clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolites. The choice of
zeolites was determined by the following factors:
Firstly, the authors of [1,2] regarded the ion-
exchanging and adsorptive properties of zeolites con-
sidering a possibility of using them for decontamina-
tion.
Secondly, it was taken into account that the min-
ing of natural zeolites, the resources of which in
Ukraine are rather ample, is considerably cheaper
than the production of ion-exchange resins [2].
Thirdly, Russia is carrying out a research into
the use of clinoptilolite for radioactive waste uti-
lization. At the State Scientific Center ”Academi-
cian A.I.Leypunsky Institute for Energy Physics” a
method of liquid radioactive waste condensation and
reprocessing with the use of clinoptilolite as a sorbent
was developed. Clinoptilolite is a component of the
film-forming mixture, applied for radioactive decon-
tamination of the constructional material surface, of-
fered by the Academician A.A.Bochvar Research In-
stitute of Inorganic Materials [4-6].
The purpose of this work was to create for de-
contamination of working clothes, equipment and
rooms, a domestically produced zeolite-based decon-
taminant, having a high decontamination coefficient
and being cheaper, in comparison with existing ana-
logues, as well as, to develop a simplified utilization
method.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The sorption-selective properties of natural zeolite
were studied in the Department of Radiochemistry
and Radioecology at the Research Institute for Chem-
istry of the Kharkov National University. In this
∗Corresponding author. E-mail address: lonin@kipt.kharkov.ua
122 PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2007, N5.
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (48), p.122-125.
work natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) from the Sokir-
nitsky zeolite deposit (Zakarpattya region) and syn-
thetic zeolites of NaA, NaX, NaY type and erionite
were used.
The capacity of zeolites to absorb isotopes of
137Cs and 90St was preliminary investigated. The
sorption capacity of zeolites in relation to 137Cs and
90Sr was studied under statistic conditions as a func-
tion of pH (the pH range was from 2 to 8.5). The
acidity of solutions was varied by addition of HCl
and NaOH solutions.
In the experiment we used the solution of 137Cs
radionuclide with a specific activity of 3.18∆ · 106
Bq/dm3 without a carrier and the solution of 90Sr
with a specific activity of 1.76∆ · 106 Bq/dm3 with-
out a carrier. Clinoptilolite was preliminary grinded.
Such preparation greatly increases the sorbent - so-
lution contact surface, and, as a result, the degree of
clinoptilolite utilization becomes significantly higher.
To investigate the sorption, a weighted amount of
sorbent was mixed by means of a magnetic mixer
with the solution to be studied [7,8]. For simula-
tion of isotope contamination of working surfaces and
clothes under laboratory conditions we used isotopes
of caesium-137 and strontium-90, as well as, mixtures
of isotopes of caesium-137 and strontium-90.
Radiometric measurements of a solid residue were
carried out using an automatic α − β-weigher NRR-
610 ”Tesla”. The relative error of radioactivity mea-
surements does not exceed 5%.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
As a qualitative characteristic of preliminary sor-
bent testing we used the radionuclide sorption coeffi-
cient (Ks, %) calculated by formula (1):
Ks =
Io − Ip
Io
∆ · 100, (1)
where Io and Ip are the initial and equilibrium ra-
dioactivity of the solution, p/s. To estimate de-
contaminating properties of decontaminants we used
a decontamination coefficient, characterizing the ef-
ficiency of the decontaminating composition in the
process of removing the presented radionuclides from
representative materials, calculated by formula (2):
Kdec =
Io
Ip
, (2)
where Io and Ip are the initial and equilibrium ra-
dioactivity of the solution, p/s.
The results of preliminary investigations of the
sorption with clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolites
137Cs and 90Sr are presented in Table1. The data
obtained evidence on the fact that clinoptilolite pos-
sesses high sorption properties in relation to the ra-
dionuclide of 137Cs at every pH values (from 97 to
99.5% of capture). It has been found that the sorp-
tion properties of synthetic zeolites in relation to
137Cs have significantly lower values. The sorption
properties of zeolites in relation to 90Sr exhibit a dis-
tinct dependence on pH. The sorption properties of
clinoptilolite in relation to 90Sr are lower than the
sorption properties of synthetic zeolites. The pH in-
fluence on the sorption capacity of zeolites is due to
the fact that these sorbents, similarly to other alu-
minum silicates, are polyfunctional subacid ionites.
The mechanism of interaction of zeolites with 137Cs
and 90Sr is submitted in works published earlier [7,8].
In the course of preliminary investigations a high
selectivity of clinoptilolite in relation to 137Cs was
found. However, to extend the list of radionuclides
subjected to sorption it is necessary to introduce syn-
thetic zeolite into the decontaminant.
In the course of preliminary investigations a high
selectivity of clinoptilolite in relation to 137Cs was
found. However, to extend the list of radionuclides
subjected to sorption it is necessary to introduce syn-
thetic zeolite into the decontaminant. In the course
of subsequent testing different clinoptilolite and syn-
thetic zeolite ratios were studied.
A possibility of zeolite use for fabric decontami-
nation was studied. Fabric articles to be decontam-
inatied were wetted in the zeolite-based decontam-
inant with periodic stirring. Experimental results
have shown that the compounds offered are stable in
four cycles of fabric decontamination, and that the
deactivation coefficient of the decontaminant ”Zash-
chita” is sharply decreased after repeated decontam-
ination (Table 2).
For decontamination of solid surfaces (metal, ce-
ramic tale, wood coated with paint or varnish) we ap-
plied a decontaminant with a small amount of water
sufficient for the pasty mass formation. The decon-
tamination wastes are easily mixing and drying that
allows conducting radwaste disposal similarly to solid
waste disposal.
Results on use of compounds offered for decon-
tamination of solid surfaces demonstrate that these
decontaminants excel, by the decontamination coeffi-
cient, the existing analogue the decontaminant ”Za-
shchita” (Table 3). The highest efficiency was ob-
served for compounds No 7 and No 8.
In the course of carrying out experiments on de-
contamination of chrome-plated surfaces and surfaces
of glass and organic glass it has been established that
there is no abrasive effect after processing such sur-
faces with a zeolite-based decontaminant.
CONCLUSIONS
The proposed composition of the decontaminant
is characterized by the low cost since it contains a nat-
ural component clinoptilolite, the resources of which
in Ukraine are very ample. Besides, the open min-
ing of this mineral considerably reduces the manu-
facturing cost of the detergent. The solutions ob-
tained after decontamination with the use of zeo-
lite occupy a much smaller volume than the solu-
tions obtained after application of the decontami-
nant ”Zashchita”. Moreover, these detergents pro-
vide appreciably lower expenses for radwaste utiliza-
123
tion and disposal (clinoptilolite is strongly immobi-
lized by radionuclides and can be utilized as a base
for radionuclide disposal). Proposed compounds for
zeolite-based decontamination have no limitations as
for chrome-plated surfaces and surfaces of glass and
organic glass due to the absence of an abrasive ef-
fect. The zeolite-based decontaminant is applicable
for repeated decontamination of multiply contami-
nated fabric surfaces.
Table 1. Coefficient of radionuclide sorption (Ks ,%) by zeolites with different pH values at a temperature
of 293.15 K
Zeolite Coefficient of 137Cs sorption (Ks), % Coefficient of 90Sr sorption (Ks), %
pH =2 pH =7 pH =8.5 pH =2 pH =7 pH =8.5
clinoptilolite 97.0±4.2 99.0±4.8 99.1±4.8 23.3±1.1 88.9±4.3 94.1±3.9
erionite 98.9±4.3 99.0±4.8 98.2±4.3 26.4±1.3 91.0±4.2 88.3±4.0
NaA 95.0±4.0 95.3±4.0 96.1±4.1 14.2±0.7 96.8±4.3 92.1±4.0
NaY 97.2±4.2 98.8±4.3 98.0±4.3 12.5±0.6 96.0±4.3 81.0±3.8
NaX 90.1±4.0 94.2±3.9 96.1±4.1 32.1±1.5 94.2±3.9 85.3±3.9
Table 2. Coefficient of fabric decontamination after I - IY contamination-decontamination cycles
Decontaminant Contamination-decontamination cycles
I II III IV
Compound No 1 19.6±0.7 17.5±0.8 17.0±0.8 11.7±0.5
Compound No 2 20.2±0.9 17.8±0.8 17.4±0.8 14.5±0.6
Compound No 3 20.6±0.9 19.2±0.9 19.0±0.9 15.3±0.7
Compound No 4 23.2±1.0 20.4±1.0 20.0±1.0 17.5±0.8
Compound No 5 21.5±1.0 19.4±0.9 19.0±0.9 16.2±0.7
Compound No 6 25.0±1.2 23.8±1.1 23.4±1.1 18.4±0.8
Compound No 7 25.8±1.2 25.0±1.2 24.6±1.2 19.3±0.9
Compound No 8 27.2±1.3 25.2±1.2 23.4±1.1 20.0±1.0
”Zashchita” 20.0±1.0 10.0±0.5 9.6±0.5 7.0±0.4
Table 3. Coefficient of work surface decontamination (metal, ceramic tile, wood, glass)
Decontaminant Decontamination coefficient
For metal For ceramic tile For wood (coated with paint or varnish) For glass
Compound No 1 53.0±2.6 47.3±2.4 45.5±2.2 53.0±2.6
Compound No 2 53.7±2.6 48.0±2.4 45.8±2.3 53.8±2.6
Compound No 3 56.2±2.7 50.4±2.5 48.7±2.4 56.4±2.7
Compound No 4 62.0±3.1 56.5±2.7 54.8±2.5 62.0±3.1
Compound No 5 60.0±3.0 54.7±2.5 51.6±2.4 60.4±3.0
Compound No 6 64.5±3.2 58.0±2.8 55.0±2.6 64.7±3.2
Compound No 7 66.7±3.3 60.0±3.0 58.2±2.8 66.8±3.3
Compound No 8 67.0±3.4 62.0±3.1 60.5±3.0 67.0±3.4
”Zashchita” 19.0±1.0 18.0±0.9 13.5±0.6 19.0±1.0
REFERENCES
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diocontaminations. Moscow: ”Atomizdat”, 1974,
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4. Patent of Russian Federation N1797387, Class G
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7. A.Yu. Lonin, A.P. Krasnopyorova. Investi-getion
of radionuclide 137Cs sorption by natural and
syntetic zeolites // Problems of Atomic Science
and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics Investi-
gations. 2004, N5(44), p.82-84.
8. A.Yu. Lonin, A.P. Krasnopyorova. Influence of
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124
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЦЕОЛИТОВ ДЛЯ ДЕЗАКТИВАЦИИ РАБОЧИХ
ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ ОТ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЙ
А.Ю. Лонин, А.П. Краснопёрова
Исследована возможность использования цеолитов в средствах дезактивации спецодежды, рабочих
поверхностей. Установлено, что цеолиты могут быть использованы для дезактивации спецодежды, а
также рабочих поверхностей представленных - металлом, керамической плиткой, деревом покрытым
краской или лаком, стеклом. Приведены сравнительные данные различных составов на основе цеолитов
с известным дезактивирующим средством "Защита".
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЦЕОЛIТIВ ДЛЯ ДЕЗАКТИВАЦIЇ РОБОЧИХ ПОВЕРХОНЬ ВIД
РАДIОАКТИВНИХ ЗАБРУДНЕНЬ
О.Ю. Лонiн, А.П. Краснопьорова
Дослiджено можливiсть використання цеолiтiв у засобах для дезактивацiї спецодягу, робочих повер-
хонь. Встановлено, що цеолiти можуть бути використанi для дезактивацiї спецодягу, а також робочих
поверхонь представлених - металом, керамiчною плиткою, деревом покритим фарбою або лаком, ск-
лом. Наведенi порiвняльнi данi рiзних складiв на основi цеолiтiв з вiдомим дезоктивуючим засобом
"Захист".
125
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