Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC
On line control of atmospheric radioactive emissions is carried out by measuring the gamma-activity of radioactive gases in the special ventilation system of the proton linac with use scintillation gamma-ray detector. The distributed network detectors placed in INR territory allows carry out on line...
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irk-123456789-1118782017-01-16T03:03:05Z Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC Skorkin, V.M. Skorkin, A.V. Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений On line control of atmospheric radioactive emissions is carried out by measuring the gamma-activity of radioactive gases in the special ventilation system of the proton linac with use scintillation gamma-ray detector. The distributed network detectors placed in INR territory allows carry out on line control of radiation situation near to Troitsk urban area. This monitoring system consists of the central server и gamma DKS-AT1121 dosimeters. У режимі реального часу здійснюється контроль атмосферних радіоактивних викидів шляхом вимірювання гамма-активності радіоактивних газів у спеціальній системі вентиляції протонного прискорювача з використанням сцинтиляційного детектора гамма-випромінювання. Розподілена мережа датчиків, розміщених на території ІЯД РАН, дозволяє здійснювати on-line контроль радіаційної обстановки поблизу території міста Троїцька. Система радіаційного моніторингу складається з центрального сервера і гамма-дозиметрів ДКС-АТ1121. В режиме реального времени осуществляется контроль атмосферных радиоактивных выбросов путем измерения гамма-активности радиоактивных газов в специальной системе вентиляции протонного ускорителя с использованием сцинтилляционного детектора гамма-излучения. Распределенная сеть датчиков, размещенных на территории ИЯИ РАН, позволяет осуществлять on-line контроль радиационной обстановки вблизи территории города Троицка. Система радиационного мониторинга состоит из центрального сервера и гамма-дозиметров ДКС-АТ1121. 2013 Article Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC / V.M. Skorkin, A.V. Skorkin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 6. — С. 154-155. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.20.Ej, 87.52.-g, 07.05.Bx http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/111878 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений |
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Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений Skorkin, V.M. Skorkin, A.V. Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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On line control of atmospheric radioactive emissions is carried out by measuring the gamma-activity of radioactive gases in the special ventilation system of the proton linac with use scintillation gamma-ray detector. The distributed network detectors placed in INR territory allows carry out on line control of radiation situation near to Troitsk urban area. This monitoring system consists of the central server и gamma DKS-AT1121 dosimeters. |
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Skorkin, V.M. Skorkin, A.V. |
| author_facet |
Skorkin, V.M. Skorkin, A.V. |
| author_sort |
Skorkin, V.M. |
| title |
Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC |
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Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC |
| title_full |
Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC |
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Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC |
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Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC |
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continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton linac |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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2013 |
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Применение ускоренных пучков. детекторы и детектирование ядерных излучений |
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Continuous control of radioactive emissions from proton LINAC / V.M. Skorkin, A.V. Skorkin // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 6. — С. 154-155. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
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Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №6(88) 154
B E AM AP P LI CAT I ONS, DE T E CT ORS
AND DE T E CT I NG NUCL E A R R ADI AT I ONS
CONTINUOUS CONTROL OF RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS
FROM PROTON LINAC
V.M. Skorkin1, A.V. Skorkin2
1Institute for Nuclear Research of RAS, Moscow, Russia;
2VERCOM, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: skorkin@inr.ru
On line control of atmospheric radioactive emissions is carried out by measuring the gamma-activity of radioac-
tive gases in the special ventilation system of the proton linac with use scintillation gamma-ray detector. The dis-
tributed network detectors placed in INR territory allows carry out on line control of radiation situation near to
Troitsk urban area. This monitoring system consists of the central server и gamma DKS-AT1121 dosimeters.
PACS: 29.20.Ej, 87.52.-g, 07.05.Bx
INTRODUCTION
The beam of high intensity proton linac creates a
secondary gamma and neutron radiation, which repre-
sent radiating danger to the personnel and the popula-
tion. The main role here belongs to thermal neutron cap-
ture reaction, fast hadrons in (p, pn) and (n, 2n) reac-
tions. The interaction of protons and the secondary radi-
ation with the targets, structural materials, water and air
leads to the formation of radioactive nuclides. In this
form all radioisotopes are up to Ar-41 [1]. The radionu-
clides are radiation hazard to population living in the
area of the linac. One of the factors of radiation hazard
is a release of radioactive aerosols and air from the linac
ventilation system through the special ventilation pipe
in height 60 m. There are calculated the emission source
contributions to the radiation safety factor of individual
radionuclides and exposure pathways [2]. The charac-
teristics of the most important radionuclides is showed
in Table.
The radionuclide release rates Wi (in curies per year),
annual effective dose equivalents Di, radionuclide concen-
trations in the ventilation systemΦi and at ground level ϕi
Radio-
nuclide
Wi,
Ci/yr
Di,
µSv
Φi,
kBq·m-3
ϕi,
Bq·m-3
3Н 0.4 10-3 10-2 2·10-4
7Be 10 6 0.2 0.005
11C 30300 35 583.2 11.50
13N 56100 56 1079.8 16.43
14O 20900 2 402.6 0.18
15O 82200 15 1583.7 3.43
24Na 3.4 5 0.1 0.03
29Al 150 1 2.9 0.03
31Si 16 3 0.3 0.01
38Cl 106 8 2.0 0.05
41Ar 16200 29 311.9 6.30
In accordance with the design data of the maximum
radiation dose among the population due to the work of
linac does not exceed 300 µSv in year. A level of sur-
face concentration of the radionuclides is so low that
control them in the surface layer is practically impossi-
ble. The radionuclide release rates can effectively lead
to a dose rate of gamma radiation emitted airborne radi-
oactive emissions in the tunnel ventilation system. A
control of doses received by the public can lead to a
dose rate of gamma radiation at ground level on the
border of INR territory.
1. RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS CONTROL
A control technique is based on measuring the vol-
ume activity of the radioactive gases and aerosols emit-
ted by the special ventilation system of INR proton lin-
ac. The main factor for radiation hazard to population is
a gamma and beta radioactivity of short-lived radionu-
clides in atmospheric radioactive emissions of the pro-
ton linac. The basic contribution to an environment ra-
dioactivity (95%) give short-lived radionuclides (11C,
13N, 14O, 15O, 41Ar) from radioactive clouds. This
radioactive gases are gamma emitters with energies of
0.511 to 1.5 MeV and radioactive emissions control can
effectively lead to a dose rate of gamma radiation from
radioactive emissions in the ventilation pipe.
Decay time determined by the rate of air flow and
distance to the release of radionuclides to the accelerator
complex is estimated of ≥ 5 minutes. This is allows us
to ignore the radionuclides with half-lives less than
10 seconds. The method provides a measurement of
volumetric activity of radioactive emissions in the venti-
lation pipe with use BDMG-08R scintillation gamma
detector [3]. This detector can measure the dose of gam-
ma radiation from radioactive emissions in the range
(0.1…100) µSv/hour. Calculations and measurements
show that the specific concentrations of gamma-nuclides
and the dose rate in the ventilation pipe for the design
parameters of the linac would amount to 4·106 Bq·m-3 and
22 µSv/hour respectively [4]. This is provides a meas-
urement of volumetric activity of radioactive gases and
aerosols in the range of (102…107) Bq·m-3.
The measurement system consists of a gamma-detector
and a terminal controller, connected to a computer. Soft-
ware in real time allows you to define the gamma radiation
intensity [5]. The system automatically performs meas-
urements for the period of 10 seconds, displays data on the
screen to the operator, summarizes and records the reading
of the detector in a file on disk (Fig. 1).
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №6(88) 155
Fig. 1. The dose rate into the special ventilation system
The number of measurement pulses is converted into
a dose rate.
2. RADIATION SITUATION MONITORING
For measuring a dose rate from an external gamma
and beta radiation is developed the continuous radioac-
tivity monitoring system (CRMS). This system allows
to carry out in real time continuous monitoring of radia-
tion situation in urban area (Troitsk, Moscow). At pre-
sent the distributed network of CRMS detectors is
placed in INR territory and on border of a sanitary-
protective zone. The monitoring system consists of the
monitoring server, X-ray, gamma, beta DKS-AT1121
dosimeters, which are connected to a local PC (or
RS232-Ethernet converter) through data cable (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2. The continuous radioactivity monitoring system
The DKS-AT1121 dosimeter is based on tissue
equivalent scintillator and has a threshold measurement
of equivalent dose of 50 nSv/hour in the range of ener-
gies from 15 keV to 10 MeV and the operating tempera-
ture of -30 to +50°C.
The local PC sends collected information to the cen-
tral server using secure data protocol communication. In
case of unavailability of the server all the data is stored
locally and when the connection is restored the collected
data will be automatically transferred. The central server
has the following functional capabilities: storage and pro-
cessing of data from the detectors; to display map of the
detectors, the spectra and the results (the last measure-
ments of capacity of a dose and the last results of a dose);
presentation of results in a text and graphic form on a
web page. CRMS software modules used to convert re-
sults of measurements to spectra and reports. The server
has built-in Web-server to display the required data. Ac-
cess to data gathered on the central server is possible
from the local network of INR and the Internet.
CONCLUSIONS
The continuous radiation monitoring systems are de-
signed for day and night monitoring radioactive emis-
sions from the special ventilation system of the intense
proton linac and the radiation background at INR terri-
tory, and in the sanitary protection zone.
REFERENCES
1. S.V. Serezchnikov, V.E. Stepanov. Air Activation
within High Intensity Proton Accelerators : Preprint
INR, 1989, p. 0609.
2. A.S. Ivanova, I.N. Kopeykin, S.V. Serezchnikov, et
al. The Estimatetion of the Environmental Effect of
Airborn Radioactive Emissions from High Intensity
Proton Accelerators : Preprint INR, 1990, p. 681.
3. L.V. Kravchuk, V.N. Peleshko, V.M. Skorkin. In-
Situ Monitoring of Radioactivity Gases and Aero-
sols Emitted from the Ventilation System of INR
Proton Linac // Book of Abstracts of
INSINUME’2010. Dubna, 2010, p. 60.
4. L.R. Kimel, V.P. Mashkovich. Protection against
ionizing radiation. Moscow: «Atomizdat». 1972, 312 p.
5. M.I. Grachev, V.A. Kljushnikov, S.I. Kuptsov, et al.
The automatic radiation control system of the INR
linear accelerator (Troitsk) // Proceedings of RuPAC
XIX. Dubna. 2004, p. 483-484.
Article received 13.11.2013
НЕПРЕРЫВНЫЙ КОНТРОЛЬ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ВЫБРОСОВ
ЛИНЕЙНОГО УСКОРИТЕЛЯ ПРОТОНОВ
В.М. Скоркин, А.В. Скоркин
В режиме реального времени осуществляется контроль атмосферных радиоактивных выбросов путем измерения
гамма-активности радиоактивных газов в специальной системе вентиляции протонного ускорителя с использовани-
ем сцинтилляционного детектора гамма-излучения. Распределенная сеть датчиков, размещенных на территории
ИЯИ РАН, позволяет осуществлять on-line контроль радиационной обстановки вблизи территории города Троицка.
Система радиационного мониторинга состоит из центрального сервера и гамма-дозиметров ДКС-АТ1121.
БЕЗПЕРЕРВНИЙ КОНТРОЛЬ РАДІОАКТИВНИХ ВИКИДІВ ЛІНІЙНОГО ПРИСКОРЮВАЧА
ПРОТОНІВ
В.М. Скоркін, А.В. Скоркін
У режимі реального часу здійснюється контроль атмосферних радіоактивних викидів шляхом вимірювання га-
мма-активності радіоактивних газів у спеціальній системі вентиляції протонного прискорювача з використанням
сцинтиляційного детектора гамма-випромінювання. Розподілена мережа датчиків, розміщених на території ІЯД
РАН, дозволяє здійснювати on-line контроль радіаційної обстановки поблизу території міста Троїцька. Система ра-
діаційного моніторингу складається з центрального сервера і гамма-дозиметрів ДКС-АТ1121.
INTRODUCTION
1. RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS CONTROL
2. 2Tradiation situation2T 2Tmonitoring
Conclusions
References
|