Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System
Экспериментально исследовано накопление повреждений в зоне трения скольжения металлметалл при трибоусталостных испытаниях с использованием активной трибосистемы. Описана экспериментальная методика. Получены экспериментальные значения характеристик сопротивления металла трибоусталости в исследуемом...
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Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України
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irk-123456789-1127832017-01-28T03:01:47Z Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System Bogdanovich, A. Lis, I. Научно-технический раздел Экспериментально исследовано накопление повреждений в зоне трения скольжения металлметалл при трибоусталостных испытаниях с использованием активной трибосистемы. Описана экспериментальная методика. Получены экспериментальные значения характеристик сопротивления металла трибоусталости в исследуемом узле трения. Проанализированы полученные результаты и приведены новые данные по обратному эффекту при трибоусталостных испытаниях стали 45 с использованием силуминовой активной трибосистемы. Експериментально досліджено накопичення пошкоджень у зоні тертя ковзання метал–метал при трибовтомних випробуваннях із використанням активної трибосистеми. Описано експериментальну методику. Отримано експериментальні значення характеристик опору металу трибовтомі в досліджуваному вузлі тертя. Проаналізовано отримані результати та приведено нові дані щодо зворотного ефекту при трибовтомних випробуваннях сталі 45 з використанням силумінової активної трибосистеми. 2011 Article Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System / A. Bogdanovich, I. Lis // Проблемы прочности. — 2011. — № 4. — С. 59-65. — Бібліогр.: 2 назв. — англ. 0556-171X http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/112783 539.4 en Проблемы прочности Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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Научно-технический раздел Научно-технический раздел |
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Научно-технический раздел Научно-технический раздел Bogdanovich, A. Lis, I. Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System Проблемы прочности |
| description |
Экспериментально исследовано накопление повреждений в зоне трения скольжения металлметалл при трибоусталостных испытаниях с использованием активной трибосистемы. Описана экспериментальная методика. Получены экспериментальные значения характеристик
сопротивления металла трибоусталости в исследуемом узле трения. Проанализированы
полученные результаты и приведены новые данные по обратному эффекту при трибоусталостных испытаниях стали 45 с использованием силуминовой активной трибосистемы. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Bogdanovich, A. Lis, I. |
| author_facet |
Bogdanovich, A. Lis, I. |
| author_sort |
Bogdanovich, A. |
| title |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System |
| title_short |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System |
| title_full |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System |
| title_fullStr |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System |
| title_sort |
experimental research of back effect for mechano-sliding fatigue of the 0.45% carbon steel–siluminum active system |
| publisher |
Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| topic_facet |
Научно-технический раздел |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/112783 |
| citation_txt |
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System / A. Bogdanovich, I. Lis // Проблемы прочности. — 2011. — № 4. — С. 59-65. — Бібліогр.: 2 назв. — англ. |
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Проблемы прочности |
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AT bogdanovicha experimentalresearchofbackeffectformechanoslidingfatigueofthe045carbonsteelsiluminumactivesystem AT lisi experimentalresearchofbackeffectformechanoslidingfatigueofthe045carbonsteelsiluminumactivesystem |
| first_indexed |
2025-07-08T04:40:31Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-08T04:40:31Z |
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1837052381166043136 |
| fulltext |
UDC 539.4
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue of
the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active System*
A. Bogdanovich and I. Lis
Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus
bogal@tut.by
ÓÄÊ 539.4
Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ îáðàòíîãî ýôôåêòà ïðè òðèáî-
óñòàëîñòíûõ èñïûòàíèÿõ ñòàëè 45 ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ñèëóìèíîâîé
àêòèâíîé òðèáîñèñòåìû
À. Áîãäàíîâè÷, È. Ëèñ
Ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò èì. ß. Êóïàëà, Ãðîäíî, Áåëàðóñü
Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî èññëåäîâàíî íàêîïëåíèå ïîâðåæäåíèé â çîíå òðåíèÿ ñêîëüæåíèÿ ìåòàëë–
ìåòàëë ïðè òðèáîóñòàëîñòíûõ èñïûòàíèÿõ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì àêòèâíîé òðèáîñèñòåìû. Îïè-
ñàíà ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíàÿ ìåòîäèêà. Ïîëó÷åíû ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèê
ñîïðîòèâëåíèÿ ìåòàëëà òðèáîóñòàëîñòè â èññëåäóåìîì óçëå òðåíèÿ. Ïðîàíàëèçèðîâàíû
ïîëó÷åííûå ðåçóëüòàòû è ïðèâåäåíû íîâûå äàííûå ïî îáðàòíîìó ýôôåêòó ïðè òðèáîóñòà-
ëîñòíûõ èñïûòàíèÿõ ñòàëè 45 ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ñèëóìèíîâîé àêòèâíîé òðèáîñèñòåìû.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: òðèáîóñòàëîñòü, òðåíèå ñêîëüæåíèÿ, îáðàòíûé ýôôåêò.
Introduction. The back effect is defined as change of a friction and wear
process characteristics due to repeated stresses effect [1]. The experiment including
two stages has been planned:
sliding friction (sliding fatigue) test;
wear-fatigue (mechano-sliding fatigue) test.
At the first stage of tests it is necessary to find the regularities of wear
processes for the next it comparison with the test results on the second stage.
1. Methods of Research.
1.1. Sliding Fatigue Tests. The model of an active system for sliding fatigue
tests is shown in Fig. 1. The specimen 1 made of a 0.45% carbon steel with a test
portion diameter of 10 mm is cantilever fixed in a spindle 2 of a testing machine
UKI-6000-2 and rotate with frequency of 3000 min�1. The counterspecimen 3
with a width of 4 mm, made of siluminum is pressed to dangerous cross section of
the specimen 1 with the force FN which magnitude is supported a stationary
value during the tests of each friction pair the specimen/counterspecimen. The
lubricant – universal all-weather engine oil SuperLuxoil SAE 15W-40 is brought in
a friction region by the dropwise method. The measuring of magnitude of the
© A. BOGDANOVICH, I. LIS, 2011
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4 59
* Report on International Colloquium “Mechanical Fatigue of Metals” (13–15 September 2010,
Opole, Poland).
cumulative linear wear i of friction pair with the precision of 2 �m in the local
points 1–8 uniformly proportioned on ambit of dangerous cross section of the
specimen is made periodically (Fig. 1b).
The cumulative wear of a friction pair specimen/counterspecimen i f
lim
�
100 �m has been accepted as the limiting state. We used 107 cycles as the base of
tests according to the state standard of Belarus STB 1448-2004 [2]. Let’s consider
some results of tests of the examined frictional pair at a contact loading FN �280 N
as example. The circle diagram of wear i, �m, for each of 8 points uniformly
proportioned on ambit of dangerous cross section of the specimen is shown in
Fig. 2. Values i in these local points at the given number of cycles N of loading
we connected by direct lines. It is visible, that wear process occurs nonuniformly
on ambit of the specimen, and the greatest irregularity is observed at the initial
stage (diagram a in Fig. 2). Irregularity decreases with the growth of number of
cycles. The greatest wear occurred at N � �6 5 106. cycles for the local points 5 and
6 (101 and 103 �m).
Irregularity of the wear process is caused primarily by difference of physics-
and-mechanical properties of the surface blanket of metal.
A. Bogdanovich and I. Lis
60 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4
a b
Fig. 1. Scheme of sliding fatigue tests (a) and scheme of the wear i measuring (b).
Fig. 2. The circle diagram of wear at contact load FN � 280 N for number of cycles: (a) 0 2 106. � ;
(b) 0 51 106. ;� (c) 10 106. ;� (d) 2 2 106. ;� (e) 6 5 106. .�
The kinetics of wear for the local points 1, 2, 5, and 6 is presented in Fig. 3. It
is fixed, that the experimental points are well featured by degree dependence of a
type i aN cb
� � . Values of coefficients a, b, and c and a coefficient of
correlation k are determined with the help of the MathCAD system and reduced in
Table 1.
Figure 3 visually displays the most intensive wear process occurs at the given
contact load during the first 700–800 thousand cycles of loading. This period is
term as a running-in stage. It is caused by cutting of microprotuberances of a
surface. As a result the area of contact of friction surfaces and the linear wear
intensity decrease (curves in Fig. 3 after 800 thousand cycles of a loading become
more gently sloping).
It is fixed that regularities of wear process are saved at other values of a
contact load, and its magnitude makes major impact on wear intensity.
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue ...
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4 61
T a b l e 1
The Characteristics of the Equations of Regression of the Wear for the Local Points
Coefficients Number of point
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
a 1.995 2.945 2.030 1.851 0.522 0.444 0.218 0.985
b 0.251 0.228 0.252 0.257 0.337 0.348 0.390 0.295
c �4.307 �5.107 �5.150 �3.882 �2.468 �1.695 �2.231 �3.328
k 0.986 0.985 0.986 0.986 0.978 0.976 0.969 0.983
Fig. 3. The kinetic curves of wear in local points 1, 2, 5, and 6 at FN � 280 N.
1.2. Mechano-Sliding Fatigue Tests. The model of an active system for the
mechano-sliding fatigue tests is shown in Fig. 4. The bending load Q is affixed to
free end of specimen 1. It provides the amplitude of the cyclic bending stresses � a
for a dangerous section of specimen. Other test specifications remained invariable.
The magnitude � a supported on a fixed level (� a �160 MPa) for the first
series of wear-fatigue tests.
Tests result at contact load FN �300 N and at amplitude of the cyclic stresses
� a �160 MPa is displayed in the circle diagram of wear (Fig. 5) and in the kinetic
curves of wear in local points (Fig. 6). Wear process occurs nonuniformly on ambit
of the specimen as well as in other cases.
From the Fig. 6 it is visible, that the active system has the greatest wear
intensity during the first 80–90 thousand of cycles. The wear-fatigue tests for an
active system has been realized at � a �256 MPa (next series) also. Character of
irregularity and wear intensity is saved.
2. Results of Experiments and Discussion. Comparison of the some tests
results is introduced in Fig. 7. Wear intensity decreases at FN � 410 N if the
amplitude of the cyclic bending stresses for a specimen critical section increases.
62 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4
A. Bogdanovich and I. Lis
Fig. 4. Scheme of the mechano-sliding fatigue tests.
Fig. 5. The circle diagrams of wear at FN � 300 N and �a �160 for number of cycles: (a) 0 4 105. � ;
(b) 13 105. � ; (c) 2 8 105. � ; (d) 5 2 105. � ; (e) 7 7 105. � .
However, at constant contact load FN �250 N wear intensity increases when the
amplitude of the cyclic bending stresses � a for a specimen critical section
increases from 0 to 160 MPa, and wear intensity decreases sharply if the amplitude
of the cyclic stresses � a grows to 256 MPa.
The 16 active systems are tested at various contact loads over the range from
140 to 450 N in total.
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4 63
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue ...
Fig. 6. The kinetic curves of wear in local points 1, 2, 3, and 6 at FN � 300 N and �a �160 MPa.
Fig. 7. The kinetic curves of wear (mean values).
The sliding fatigue curve (curve 1 in Fig. 8) is built in half-logarithmic
coordinates contact load FN – long time N defined as the logarithm of number of
cycles before reaching of wear magnitude i f
lim on tests results. The similar curves
built by sliding fatigue tests results of the other materials are given in [1, 2].
It has appeared that the curve 1 has three characteristic sections: (I) the field
of quasistatic fracture (approximately to N � �4 2 106. cycles at region of contact
loads FN � 320–450 N), (II) and (III) the fields of low-cyclic and multicyclic
fracture (FN � 150–320 N), respectively. The boundary between fields II and III
isn’t determined, therefore the experimental points are approximated by one line. It
is visible from Fig. 8 the sliding fatigue curve 1 has two branches: left with the big
inclination and right which is situated almost vertically. The contact load
corresponding to a sliding fatigue limit for the investigated pair of a friction is
F f �150 N.
Mechano-sliding fatigue curves (curves 2 and 3 in Fig. 8) are built analogously.
The values of sliding and mechano-sliding fatigue characteristics for the
0,45% carbon steel–siluminum active systems are introduced in Table 2. They
correspond to [2].
As we can see from Fig. 8 and Table 2 the mechano-sliding fatigue curve 2 is
built on tests results at contact loads over the range from 200 to 450 N and at the
A. Bogdanovich and I. Lis
64 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4
Fig. 8. The experimental sliding (1) and mechano-sliding (2, 3) fatigue curves for the 0.45% carbon
steel–siluminum pairs of friction and active systems.
amplitude of the cyclic bending stresses for a critical section of specimen 160 MPa,
the mechano-sliding fatigue curve 3 is built on tests results at contact loads at
FN � 250–410 N and at the amplitude of the cyclic stresses � a �256 MPa.
The contact load corresponding to a mechano-sliding fatigue limit for the
examined active system is compounded F f� �240 N (at � a �160 MPa) and
F f� �260 N (at � a �256 MPa) that is accordingly in 1.6 and 1.7 times exceeds
value of the contact load corresponding to a sliding fatigue limit F f �150 N.
The field of quasistatic fracture is detected only on a sliding fatigue curve 1
(Fig. 8). Probably this field for curves 2 and 3 is located above the peak value of a
contact load (FN � 450 N) accepted for these tests.
The increasing of fatigue curve exponents mF and mF� in the fields of
low-cyclic and multicyclic fracture with increasing of the amplitude of the cyclic
bending stresses � a is observed.
Thus, new regularities of a back effect for mechano-sliding fatigue of the
0.45% carbon steel–siluminum active systems are found.
Ð å ç þ ì å
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî äîñë³äæåíî íàêîïè÷åííÿ ïîøêîäæåíü ó çîí³ òåðòÿ êîâçàí-
íÿ ìåòàë–ìåòàë ïðè òðèáîâòîìíèõ âèïðîáóâàííÿõ ³ç âèêîðèñòàííÿì àêòèâíî¿
òðèáîñèñòåìè. Îïèñàíî åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíó ìåòîäèêó. Îòðèìàíî åêñïåðèìåí-
òàëüí³ çíà÷åííÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèê îïîðó ìåòàëó òðèáîâòîì³ â äîñë³äæóâàíîìó
âóçë³ òåðòÿ. Ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè òà ïðèâåäåíî íîâ³ äàí³ ùîäî
çâîðîòíîãî åôåêòó ïðè òðèáîâòîìíèõ âèïðîáóâàííÿõ ñòàë³ 45 ç âèêîðèñ-
òàííÿì ñèëóì³íîâî¿ àêòèâíî¿ òðèáîñèñòåìè.
1. L. A. Sosnovskiy, Tribo-Fatigue. Wear-Fatigue Damage and Its Prediction
(Foundation of Engineering Mechanics), Springer (2004).
2. Tribo-Fatigue. Wear-Fatigue Tests Methods. Sliding-Mechanics Fatigue Tests
[in Byelorussian], The Standard of Republic of Belarus, STB 1448-2004,
Minsk (2004).
Received 10. 02. 2011
Experimental Research of Back Effect for Mechano-Sliding Fatigue ...
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìû ïðî÷íîñòè, 2011, ¹ 4 65
T a b l e 2
The Sliding and Mechano-Sliding Fatigue Characteristics
for the 0.45% Carbon Steel–Siluminum Active Systems
Characteristics Characteristic’s value
sliding fatigue curve mechano-sliding fatigue curve
N FN( ) N FN a( , )� �160 MPa N FN a( , )� � 256 MPa
Fatigue limit, N Ff �150 Ff� � 240 Ff� � 260
Turning point of fatigue
curve, cycles
N FG � �5 0 106. N F G� � �10 106. N F G� � �6 3 106.
Fatigue curve exponent mF � 0 05. mF� � 019. mF� � 0 51.
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/NLD (Gebruik deze instellingen om Adobe PDF-documenten te maken voor kwaliteitsafdrukken op desktopprinters en proofers. De gemaakte PDF-documenten kunnen worden geopend met Acrobat en Adobe Reader 5.0 en hoger.)
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/ENU (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents for quality printing on desktop printers and proofers. Created PDF documents can be opened with Acrobat and Adobe Reader 5.0 and later.)
>>
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(Common)
(1.0)
]
/OtherNamespaces [
<<
/AsReaderSpreads false
/CropImagesToFrames true
/ErrorControl /WarnAndContinue
/FlattenerIgnoreSpreadOverrides false
/IncludeGuidesGrids false
/IncludeNonPrinting false
/IncludeSlug false
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(InDesign)
(4.0)
]
/OmitPlacedBitmaps false
/OmitPlacedEPS false
/OmitPlacedPDF false
/SimulateOverprint /Legacy
>>
<<
/AddBleedMarks false
/AddColorBars false
/AddCropMarks false
/AddPageInfo false
/AddRegMarks false
/ConvertColors /NoConversion
/DestinationProfileName ()
/DestinationProfileSelector /NA
/Downsample16BitImages true
/FlattenerPreset <<
/PresetSelector /MediumResolution
>>
/FormElements false
/GenerateStructure true
/IncludeBookmarks false
/IncludeHyperlinks false
/IncludeInteractive false
/IncludeLayers false
/IncludeProfiles true
/MultimediaHandling /UseObjectSettings
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(CreativeSuite)
(2.0)
]
/PDFXOutputIntentProfileSelector /NA
/PreserveEditing true
/UntaggedCMYKHandling /LeaveUntagged
/UntaggedRGBHandling /LeaveUntagged
/UseDocumentBleed false
>>
]
>> setdistillerparams
<<
/HWResolution [2400 2400]
/PageSize [612.000 792.000]
>> setpagedevice
|