Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses
The effect of mechanical tensile stresses 0 ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa on the low-field (0 ≤ H ≤ 45 Oe) magnetization curves of the metallic glasses Fe₁₀₀₋xBx (x=14, 16, 17, 20) is studied at temperatures of 77 and 300 K. The correlation between the electronic structure of the glasses and their magnetostrictive s...
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Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України
2001
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irk-123456789-1300222018-02-05T03:02:57Z Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses Beznosov, A.B. Fertman, E.L. Eremenko, V.V. Desnenko, V.A. Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников The effect of mechanical tensile stresses 0 ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa on the low-field (0 ≤ H ≤ 45 Oe) magnetization curves of the metallic glasses Fe₁₀₀₋xBx (x=14, 16, 17, 20) is studied at temperatures of 77 and 300 K. The correlation between the electronic structure of the glasses and their magnetostrictive sensitivity ks is revealed: the eutectic metallic glass Fe₈₃B₁₇, which possesses a special electronic structure with a 30% lower conduction (sp) electron density, has a value of ks differing substantially from that of the other metallic glasses studied. Under low stresses (0 ≤ σ ≤ 22 MPa) the eutectic alloy possesses a magnetostrictive sensitivity ks(σ₁) which is higher than that of the rest of the alloys studied, while under high stresses (22 MPa ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa) its magnetostrictive sensitivity ks(σ₂) is close to zero. 2001 Article Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses / A.B. Beznosov, E.L. Fertman, V.V. Eremenko, V.A. Desnenko // Физика низких температур. — 2001. — Т. 27, № 4. — С. 425-429. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. 0132-6414 PACS: 75.30.Cr, 75.30.Gw, 71.23.Cq http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/130022 en Физика низких температур Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України |
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Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников |
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Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников Beznosov, A.B. Fertman, E.L. Eremenko, V.V. Desnenko, V.A. Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses Физика низких температур |
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The effect of mechanical tensile stresses 0 ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa on the low-field (0 ≤ H ≤ 45 Oe) magnetization curves of the metallic glasses Fe₁₀₀₋xBx (x=14, 16, 17, 20) is studied at temperatures of 77 and 300 K. The correlation between the electronic structure of the glasses and their magnetostrictive sensitivity ks is revealed: the eutectic metallic glass Fe₈₃B₁₇, which possesses a special electronic structure with a 30% lower conduction (sp) electron density, has a value of ks differing substantially from that of the other metallic glasses studied. Under low stresses (0 ≤ σ ≤ 22 MPa) the eutectic alloy possesses a magnetostrictive sensitivity ks(σ₁) which is higher than that of the rest of the alloys studied, while under high stresses (22 MPa ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa) its magnetostrictive sensitivity ks(σ₂) is close to zero. |
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Article |
| author |
Beznosov, A.B. Fertman, E.L. Eremenko, V.V. Desnenko, V.A. |
| author_facet |
Beznosov, A.B. Fertman, E.L. Eremenko, V.V. Desnenko, V.A. |
| author_sort |
Beznosov, A.B. |
| title |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses |
| title_short |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses |
| title_full |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses |
| title_fullStr |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses |
| title_sort |
electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of fe-b metallic glasses |
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Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України |
| publishDate |
2001 |
| topic_facet |
Низкотемпеpатуpная магнитостpикция магнетиков и свеpхпpоводников |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/130022 |
| citation_txt |
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe-B metallic glasses / A.B. Beznosov, E.L. Fertman, V.V. Eremenko, V.A. Desnenko // Физика низких температур. — 2001. — Т. 27, № 4. — С. 425-429. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Физика низких температур |
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| first_indexed |
2025-07-09T12:42:50Z |
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2025-07-09T12:42:50Z |
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1837173280617791488 |
| fulltext |
Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2001, v. 27, No. 4, p. 425–429Beznosov A. B., F ert man E . L., E rem enko V . V., an d De snenko V . A.E lectr onic str uct ure a nd ma gne tostr ictive sensitivit y o f Fe– B m etallic glassesBezno sov A . B., Fer tm an E. L. , Er eme nko V. V. , and Desne nko V. A .Elec tro nic stru ctur e and m ag neto strict ive sen sit ivity of Fe –B met allic g la sses
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of
Fe–B metallic glasses
A. B. Beznosov, E. L. Fertman, V. V. Eremenko, and V. A. Desnenko
B.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
47 Lenin Ave., Kharkov 61164, Ukraine
E-mail: beznosov@ilt.kharkov.ua
Received December 11, 2000
The effect of mechanical tensile stresses 0 ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa on the low-field (0 ≤ H ≤ 45 Oe) magnetiza-
tion curves of the metallic glasses Fe100−xBx (x = 14, 16, 17, 20) is studied at temperatures of 77 and
300 K. The correlation between the electronic structure of the glasses and their magnetostrictive
sensitivity κ
s
is revealed: the eutectic metallic glass Fe
83
B17 , which possesses a special electronic
structure with a 30% lower conduction (sp) electron density, has a value of κs differing substantially
from that of the other metallic glasses studied. Under low stresses (0 ≤ σ ≤ 22 MPa) the eutectic alloy
possesses a magnetostrictive sensitivity κs(σ1) which is higher than that of the rest of the alloys studied,
while under high stresses (22 MPa ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa) its magnetostrictive sensitivity κ
s
(σ
2
) is close to zero.
PACS: 75.30.Cr, 75.30.Gw, 71.23.Cq
1. Introduction
In contrast to crystalline solids, whose atomic
structures are precisely known thanks to x-ray and
neutron diffraction experiments, the precise atomic
structure of amorphous solids is still unknown be-
cause of the comparatively low accuracy of the
present-day technique for atomic structure determi-
nation of amorphous solids, particularly of metallic
glasses [1]. Undoubtedly it can be said that amor-
phous solids consist of polyatomic ordered nano-
clusters with disordered intercluster boundaries.
Since the clusters have a certain atomic coordina-
tion, a monotonic variation of the chemical compo-
sition in metallic glasses results in a nonmonotonic
variation of the atomic cluster structure, average
binding energy per atom, and, as a consequence,
their physical and mechanical properties [1–5]. In
particular, it has been conjectured that metallic
glasses of eutectic composition possess nanoclusters
with quasicrystalline structure [6]. Our direct op-
tical studies of the metallic glasses Fe100−xBx
(x = 14, 16, 17, 20) have established that the eu-
tectic alloy Fe83B17 possesses a special electronic
structure with a 30% lower conduction electron
concentration [1,4]. The difference in the electronic
structures of the above-mentioned metallic glasses
must obviously be reflected in their magnetic cha-
racteristics.
The present paper is devoted to a study of the
effects of low mechanical stresses 0 ≤ σ ≤ 68 MPa
on the low-field (0 ≤ H ≤ 45 Oe) magnetization
curves B(H) of the metallic glasses Fe100−xBx
(x = 14, 16, 17, 20) at temperatures of 77 and
300 K. The goal is to determine the magnetostric-
tive sensitivity κs = ∂B/∂σ at low tensile stresses
(here B is the magnetic induction). This charac-
teristic is of considerable applied interest, since
metallic glasses have a wide field of applications,
and in some cases a low magnetostrictive sensitivity
is necessary (e.g., recording heads), while for other
purposes (e.g., stress sensors) a high one is re-
quired [7].
2. Experimental
The Fe100−xBx (x = 14, 16, 17, 20) metallic glass
samples were closed rings 45 mm in diameter, pre-
pared from amorphous ribbons 30 µm thick and
6 mm wide, obtained by the planar flow casting
method. The effect of tension on the initial mag-
netic induction curve B(H) was measured by the
pulse-induction technique using a longitudinal mag-
netic field. Longitudinal stresses of 22 and 62 MPa
were created by the tension of the rings, which were
placed in a thermostat. The magnetostrictive sen-
sitivities κs(σ1) and κs(σ2) were obtained, corre-
© A. B. Beznosov, E. L. Fertman, V. V. Eremenko, and V. A. Desnenko, 2001
sponding to the average values in the tension ranges
0–22 MPa and 22–62 MPa, respectively.
The magnetic induction B = (1 + 4πχ)H at arbi-
trary points of the magnetic field range were ob-
tained using the following interpolation formulas
for the magnetic susceptibility:
χ = χ0
1 + ξ tanh [ξ−1(H/Ha
)q + (H/He)
p]
1 + (H/Ha)q
, (1)
which describes the domain system reconstruction
and better fits the «low-field» region, and
χ = χ0
ξ tanh [ξ−1H0.5 + (H/He
)p]
H0.5 + H/Ha
, (2)
which has the correct «high-field» limit, reflecting
the action of local anisotropy due to the zero-dimen-
sional defect system, and better fits the magnetiza-
tion reversibility region. The values of ξ, p, q, Ha ,
He , and χ0 were determined by fitting the ex-
perimental data. The parameters ξ, p, Ha , and He
in (1) differ from those in (2).
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Initial susceptibility
The initial susceptibility χ0 is determined by
the spontaneous magnetization and anisotropy con-
stants [8,9]. Both of these parameters are inti-
mately related to the state character of the «mag-
netic» electron shells in the system. In this case
these are the 3d-electron shells of the Fe ions in the
alloys. The electrons of these shells (at least some
of them) are quasilocalized and form narrow energy
bands. Upon alloying, a fraction of the conduction
(sp) electrons of the Fe subsystem is spent on the
creation of valence bonds with the boron, so we can
expect a certain component linear in the boron
concentration x in the concentration dependence of
the sp-electron density in the system. Taking into
account the expected reconstruction of the electron
configuration of the Fe ions in the eutectic alloy,
the concentration dependence of the sp-electron
density Nsp of the Fe–B metallic glasses in the
interval 14 ≤ x ≤ 21 can be written in the form [4]
Nsp
(x) = n0 − ζx − νP(x) , (3)
where P(x) = exp (−(x − 0.17)2/δ2) is the probabi-
lity of the change of electronic configuration of the
Fe ion. A similar dependence is realized for the
Lande′ g factor, whose value also depends on the
states of the «magnetic» electrons shells:
g(x) = g0 + ηx − ξP(x) . (4)
Here the «initial» values n0 and g0 , as well as ζ,
ν, ξ, and δ are adjustable parameters.
The concentration dependence of the initial sus-
ceptibility χ0 and the «initial» Lande′′ factor
g~0(x) = g(x) − ηx is presented in Fig. 1, and Fig. 2
presents the concentration dependence of
n~0(x) = Nsp(x) + ζx and saturation magnetization
Ms (Nsp was derived from the optical ellipsometry
data [4] in the three-parameter Drude model [10],
Fig. 1. The initial magnetic susceptibility χ0 ( ∇∇ ) and the
«initial» (i.e., corrected by compensation of the linear part of
concentration dependence) g factor [3] ( ● ) of the metallic
glasses Fe100−xBx (x = 14, 16, 17, 20) versus x.
Fig. 2. Effective «initial» (i.e., corrected by compensation of
the linear part of concentration dependence) conduction elec-
tron density n0 ( ❍ ) and the low-temperature high-field satu-
ration magnetization Ms [3] ( ● ) of the Fe100−xBx (x = 14, 16,
17, 20) metallic glasses versus x.
A. B. Beznosov, E. L. Fertman, V. V. Eremenko, and V. A. Desnenko
426 Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2001, v. 27, No. 4
and g0 and Ms are obtained from the ferromagnetic
resonance data in Ref. 3).
As can be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, there is a
singularity in all the dependences at the point
x = 17. This indicates a substantial difference in the
electronic structure of the eutectic metallic glass
and the other compositions studied. One can assume
that the states of the Fe ions in the eutectic glass
are close to Fe2+, while the states of the Fe ions in
the other alloys are close to Fe3+, as far as it is
possible to speak about the valence in the case of
such complex interatomic bonds as are realized in
the transition metals.
3.2. Magnetizing and tension effects
The initial magnetization curves B(H) for all the
metallic glasses studied look similar (Fig. 3), but
the eutectic alloy Fe83B17 possesses the lowest
value of B in fields above 5 Oe at all the studied
temperatures and stresses. The B(H) curve for the
eutectic alloy suggests that this alloy has the smal-
lest saturation induction. This result corresponds to
the saturation magnetization measurements in the
paper [3] (compare Figs. 2 and 3).
The metallic glasses studied have a high positive
magnetostriction, and applied tensile stresses lead
to a growth in the magnetic induction B and mag-
netic susceptibility χ. The growth of the magnetic
induction is mainly seen in fields up to about 30 Oe
(Fig. 4). At both room and liquid nitrogen tempera-
tures the growth of the maximum value of the
magnetic susceptibility χmax of all the alloys under
load is very sharp and range up to 1.5–3 times at
62 MPa. This can be seen at Fig. 5, where the load
effect is shown for the alloy Fe86B14 .
3.3. Magnetostrictive sensitivity
The field dependences of the magnetostrictive
sensitivity κs(σ1) and κs(σ2) in the tensile stresses
ranges 0 ≤ σ ≤ 22 MPa and 22 MPa ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa,
respectively for all the alloys studied have two
maxima, one of which is located in the magnetic
field region up to 0.5 Oe (Fig. 6) and the other one
in the field range 1–11 Oe (Fig. 7). The values at
the maxima κs2m and their positions H2m are shown
in Table.
Fig. 3. The initial magnetization curves B(H) of the Fe100−xBx
(x = 14, 16, 17, 20) metallic glasses at room temperature.
Fig. 4. The initial magnetization curves B(H) of Fe86B14 metal-
lic glass under tensile stresses of 0, 22 and 62 MPa at room
temperature.
Fig. 5. Magnetic susceptibility χ of the Fe86B14 metallic glass
at room temperature under tensile loads of 0, 22 and 62 MPa
versus magnetic field H.
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe–B metallic glasses
Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2001, v. 27, No. 4 427
As expected, the field dependences of the magne-
tostrictive sensitivity of the amorphous eutectic
alloy Fe83B17 differ substantially from those of
other alloys (compare Figs. 7). Under low stresses
in the whole interval of magnetic fields studied this
alloy possesses a magnetostrictive sensitivity κs(σ1)
higher than that for the other amorphous alloys
studied. Under the higher stresses its magnetostric-
tive sensitivity κs(σ2) is weakly dependent on the
field and is much lower (practically is equal to
zero) than the other’s (Figs. 7, 8, Table). No other
alloy studied possesses such a difference between its
magnetostrictive sensitivities at different loads
(Fig. 8).
Table
Characteristics of the magnetostrictive sensitivity κ
s
of metallic glasses Fe–B at nitrogen (77 K) and room (300 K) temperatures and
at average tensile stresses 〈σ〉 of 11 MPa (0 ≤ σ ≤ 22 MPa) and 42 MPa (22 MPa ≤ σ ≤ 62 MPa), respectively. H
2m
is the position of
the second maximum κ
s2m of the magnetostrictive sensitivity, and the average value 〈κ
s
〉 corresponds to the range 0 ≤ H ≤ 35 Oe of the
magnetic field
Alloy
H
2m
, Oe κ
s2m
, G/MPa 〈κ
s
〉 , G/MPa
〈σ〉 = 11 MPa 〈σ〉 = 42 MPa 〈σ〉 = 11 MPa 〈σ〉 = 42 MPa 〈σ〉 = 11 MPa 〈σ〉 = 42 MPa
77 K 300 K 77 K 300 K 77 K 300 K 77 K 300 K 77 K 300 K 77 K 300 K
Fe
86
B
14
5.5 5.5 2.2 2.2 81 66 94 81 52 34 28 16
Fe
84
B
16
2.2 2.2 5.5 5.5 91 47 34 37 32 14 25 25
Fe
83
B
17
2.2 1.1 5.5 3.3 62 110 44 9 36 58 31 3
Fe
80
B
20 11 4.3 1.7 3.3 42 50 4 29 33 31 22 15
Fig. 6. The initial region of the field dependence of the magne-
tostrictive sensitivity κs of the metallic glass Fe86B14 in the ten-
sile stress regions 0–22 MPa (〈σ〉 = 11 MPa) and 22–62 MPa
(〈σ〉 = 42 MPa) at room temperature.
Fig. 7. The magnetostrictive sensitivity κs of the metallic glass
Fe83B17 (eutectic alloy) and Fe86B14 in the whole interval of
magnetic fields studied in the tensile stress regions 0–22 MPa
(〈σ〉 = 11 MPa) and 22–62 MPa (〈σ〉 = 42 MPa) at room tem-
perature.
A. B. Beznosov, E. L. Fertman, V. V. Eremenko, and V. A. Desnenko
428 Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2001, v. 27, No. 4
4. Conclusions
The results obtained confirm that eutectic metal-
lic glass Fe83B17 possesses a special electronic struc-
ture, which is substantially different from the elec-
tronic structure of the other compositions studied.
The special electronic structure of the eutectic me-
tallic glass finds reflection in its magnetic proper-
ties: this alloy demonstrates the lowest magnetic
induction B, the lowest magnetic susceptibility χ,
and special behavior of magnetostrictive sensitivity
κs . The magnetostrictive sensitivity of the eutectic
metallic glass at low stresses κs(σ1) is much higher
than that of all the other metallic glasses studied
and is substantially higher than the values κs(σ2) for
this alloy at high stresses. The data obtained are in
agreement with the data on the lowest values of the
Lande′ g factor and the low-temperature high-field
magnetization Ms from [3], as well as with the idea
of an extremely disordered structure of intercluster
boundaries in the eutectic alloy Fe83b17 , in which
the clusters are assumed to have a quasicrystal
structure [6].
Acknowledgment
A. B. B. thanks NATO ASI «Modern Trends in
Magnetostriction Study and Application» for hospi-
tality at Kiev in the summer of 2000.
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Fig. 8. Magnetostrictive sensitivity κs of the Fe100−xBx (x = 14,
16, 17, 20) metallic glasses in the tensile stress regions 0–
22 MPa (〈σ〉 = 11 MPa) and 22–62 MPa (〈σ〉 = 42 MPa) at
room temperature.
Electronic structure and magnetostrictive sensitivity of Fe–B metallic glasses
Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2001, v. 27, No. 4 429
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