The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions
The assessment of representation of thermal power plants at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions has been done. The opportunities and prospects of thermal power engineering recovery has been estimated in the new economic and political conditions, characterized by the loss of a p...
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irk-123456789-1308972018-03-07T03:02:09Z The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions Snihova, O. Social and economic problems of Donbas The assessment of representation of thermal power plants at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions has been done. The opportunities and prospects of thermal power engineering recovery has been estimated in the new economic and political conditions, characterized by the loss of a part of Eastern regions’ potential. Weaknesses and limitations of the sector functioning in the new conditions have been revealed. Risks (threats) that can impede, complicate or disable its development, have been determined. Здійснено оцінку представленості генеруючих підприємств теплової енергетики на підконтрольній території Донецької та Луганської областей. Оцінено спроможність та перспективи відновлення теплової енергетики в нових економічних та політичних умовах, що характеризуються втратою частини потенціалів східних областей. Виявлено слабкі сторони та обмежувачі функціонування галузі в нових умовах. Встановлено ризики (загрози), що можуть стримувати, ускладнювати або унеможливлювати її розвиток. Осуществлена оценка представленности генерирующих предприятий тепловой энергетики на подконтрольных территориях Донецкой и Луганской областей. Выявлены перспективы восстановления тепловой энергетики в новых экономических и политических условиях, характеризующихся потерей части потенциалов восточных областей. Выявлены слабые стороны и ограничения функционирования отрасли в новых условиях. Установлены риски и угрозы, которые могут сдерживать или усложнять ее развитие. 2017 Article The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions / О. Snihova // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2017. — № 4 (50). — С. 15-19. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/130897 620.9(477.62+477.61) en Економічний вісник Донбасу Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
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Social and economic problems of Donbas Social and economic problems of Donbas |
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Social and economic problems of Donbas Social and economic problems of Donbas Snihova, O. The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions Економічний вісник Донбасу |
| description |
The assessment of representation of thermal power plants at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions has been done. The opportunities and prospects of thermal power engineering recovery has been estimated in the new economic and political conditions, characterized by the loss of a part of Eastern regions’ potential. Weaknesses and limitations of the sector functioning in the new conditions have been revealed. Risks (threats) that can impede, complicate or disable its development, have been determined. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Snihova, O. |
| author_facet |
Snihova, O. |
| author_sort |
Snihova, O. |
| title |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions |
| title_short |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions |
| title_full |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions |
| title_fullStr |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions |
| title_sort |
problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of donetsk and lugansk regions |
| publisher |
Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| topic_facet |
Social and economic problems of Donbas |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/130897 |
| citation_txt |
The problems of recovery and development of thermal power engineering at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions / О. Snihova // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2017. — № 4 (50). — С. 15-19. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. |
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Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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AT snihovao theproblemsofrecoveryanddevelopmentofthermalpowerengineeringatthecontrolledterritoriesofdonetskandluganskregions AT snihovao problemsofrecoveryanddevelopmentofthermalpowerengineeringatthecontrolledterritoriesofdonetskandluganskregions |
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2025-07-09T14:25:27Z |
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| fulltext |
O. Snihova
15
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(50), 2017
UDC 620.9(477.62+477.61)
O. Snihova,
Ph.D. (Economics),
Institute for Economics and Forecasting NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
THE PROBLEMS OF RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT
OF THERMAL POWER ENGINEERING AT THE CONTROLLED
TERRITORIES OF DONETSK AND LUGANSK REGIONS
Despite the worldwide shift in the approaches to
thermal power sector functioning and putting the stimu-
lation of renewable and alternative sources of energy
usage as the main priority of global power engineering
development, thermal power plants still play the im-
portant role in electric power production.
Aspirations to diversify the ways of electric energy
production and to lead energy production to the princi-
pally new level of development, are characteristic also
for Ukraine. However, the structure of electric energy
production remains practically unchanged. Its maximal
part is related with atomic power plants (about 55%).
The share of thermal power plants is also high (35%).
Traditionally the most demanded energy sources in
Ukraine are fossil resources: natural gas and coal, pre-
senting together 2/3 of total energy balance of the coun-
try.
The structure of electric power production in Do-
netsk and Lugansk regions witnesses the orientation of
energy production of these both regions on the tradi-
tional production by thermal power plants (TPP). This
production depends on stable coal supplies. Taken into
account the huge losses of coal industry of Ukraine due
to the military conflict at the East of the country, the
thermal power engineering development at the con-
trolled territory of Donetsk and Lugansk regions re-
quires the correct assessment of the opportunities of its
recovery and of its further prospects in the conditions of
changes in economic, industrial and natural potentials of
Donetsk and Lugansk regions.
Considering the importance of energy sector for
the economic development of the country, the problems
of its reforming and efficient functioning are paid by
large attention both in research and practical aspects.
The All-Ukrainian energy Assembly [1] provides at the
regular basis the surveys of energy sector. The experts
of O. Razumkov Center have done significant research
interventions, where based on complex analysis of en-
ergy sector functioning in Ukraine in 2016, the achieve-
ments and lost opportunities of each sector have been
determined, taken in account the specific of Donetsk and
Lugansk regions [2].
Last time the studies of energy security problems
in the view of Eastern regions’ involvement in hybrid
war have got widespread. At the early beginning of Rus-
sian aggression the energy component of the war of a
new generation have been reviewed [3]. The issues of
energy sector as one of priorities of Donbas socio-eco-
nomic potential’s recovery have been raised [4]. The
problems of destroyed/damaged potential at the uncon-
trolled territories recovery after control reestablishment,
situation and problems of energy sector at the controlled
territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions have been
studied [5]. Meanwhile, beyond the marks of research
studies remains the assessment of weaknesses and op-
portunities of energy sector of controlled territories of
Donetsk and Lugansk regions, that influence directly on
the sector’s recovery and prospective. Thus, the goal of
the article is to determine the risks and opportunities of
thermal power engineering recovery at the controlled
territory of Donetsk and Lugansk regions and the pro-
spect of its further functioning in the new economic and
political conditions.
The energy production of Donetsk and Lugansk re-
gions has been based on the usage of traditional types of
thermal electric power, produced by TPPs. In each re-
gion it has been presented by the integrated complex of
generating, networking and technical-maintenance in-
dustries.
In the structure of all-Ukrainian production of elec-
tric energy at TPPs and Combined heat and power plants
(CHPP), electric energy production at the controlled ter-
ritories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions accounted for
more than one third. In 2017 the share has been reduced
at the expense of loss of control over Starobishyvska,
Zuivska TPPs and Zuivska CHPP, producing (data of
2015) more than 5 % on electric energy of these regions.
Taken into account high energy intensity of “basic” in-
dustries of Donetsk and Lugansk regions and export ori-
entation of electric power engineering itself, these losses
are tangible for the economies of the regions and
Ukraine as a whole and will affect the economic indica-
tors (Table 1).
The majority of electric energy generating plants of
Donbas (4 of 6 TPPs, Kramatorska CHPP in Donetsk
region, DTEK Luganska TPP as well as Severodonetska
and Lysychanska CHPPs in Lugansk region) have been
remained at the territory, controlled by Ukraine.
Besides that, some industrial plants of Lugansk
(CJSC “LINIK”, JSC “Rubezhnoe Cardboard & Pack-
age Mill”, “Research and Production Enterprise “Zarya”
Ltd, State enterprise “Chemical plant “Pivdennyy”) and
Donetsk (JSC “Avdiivka Coke Plant”, CHPP
“Azovstal”) regions, controlled by Ukraine, have unit-
stations, producing electric energy, used by them for
their own needs. Its share in total electricity, produced
by each region, is not significant and does not reach over
5%.
O. Snihova
16
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(50), 2017
Table 1
Electric energy production by TPP and CHPP at the controlled territories of Donetsk
and Lugansk regions in 2015-2016, KWt*H mln
2015 2016 2016 to 2015, %
TPP total in Ukraine, incl.: 49 386,237 49 902,321 101,04
TPP in Donetsk region 15 595,15 13 856,30 88,85
TPP in Lugansk region 2 591,058 3 338,427 128,84
JSC “Donbasenergo”, incl.: 4 288,379 2 991,322 127,1
Starobishyvska TPP 1 934,938 - -
Slovianska TPP 2 353,441 2 991,322 127,10
JSC “Tsentrenergo”, incl.: 8 422,152 9 858,364 117,05
Vuhlehirska TPP 4 446,922 4 879,356 109,72
OJSC “DTEK Shidenerho”, incl.: 9 450,906 9 324,053 98,66
Zuivska TPP 890,461 - -
Kurakhivska TPP 5 969,387 5 985,626 100,27
Luganska TPP 2 591,058 3 338,427 128,84
CHPP total in Ukraine, incl.: 6 075,221 6 709,309 110,44
CHPP in Donetsk region 343,92 386,175 112,29
CHPP in Lugansk region 197,377 68,690 34,80
JSC “DTEK Donetskoblenerho” 317,485 386,175 121,64
Zuivska CHPP 26,437 - -
Siverodonetska CHPP 197,377 68,690 34,80
Total in Ukraine 55 461,46 56 611,63 102,07
Total in Donetsk region 15 939,07 14 242,48 89,36
Total in Lugansk region 2 788,44 3 407,12 122,19
The main projected fuel for Donetsk and Lugansk
regions electric power plants are coals of ranks “A” (an-
thracite) and “G” (gas coal), however all of them can
operate with gas-oil fuels as reserve ones. Furthermore,
controlled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions
own a rich energy potential, that can be efficiently used
in the reconstruction of TPPs, that worked with anthra-
cite coal (Table 2). The reconstruction, scheduled by the
Plan of Development of Generating Capacities at Ther-
mal Power Plants till 2026, expands the opportunities of
generating plants of Donetsk and Lugansk regions in the
modern conditions [6].
Table 2
Energetic capacity of Donetsk and Lugansk regions, controlled by Ukraine
City/District
Coal Electricity
Coal depos-
its (balance,
mln tons)
Ranks of coal TPP ca-
pacity
MWt
Unit-stations
capacity,
MWt
Vuhledar 290,9 Gas, Gas-flame
Pokrovsk 429,1 Coke, Fat, Gas
Myrnohrad 220,2 Gas
Selidove 403,7 Gas, Flame
Dobropillja 640, 7 Gas, Gas-flame
Svitlodarske 3600
Myronivske 160
Mykolaivka, Sloviansky Distr. 800
Kurakhove, Mariinsky Distr. 1460
Kramatorsk 28,5
Mariupol 172,0
DONETSK REGION, TOTAL 1984,6 Gas-flame, Coke, Fat, Gas, Flame 6020 200,5
Zolote 100,0 Gas-flame, Gas
Hirske 45,4 Gas-flame, Gas
Toshkivka 30,2 Flame, Gas-flame
Lysychansk 179,7 Flame, Gas-flame, Gas
Shchastja (Luganska TPP) 1360
Severodonetsk 260
Lysychansk 110
LUGANSK REGION, TOTAL 355,3 Gas-flame, Gas, Flame 1620 110
O. Snihova
17
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(50), 2017
The state of TPPs, located at the controlled terri-
tory, differs and has been determined, first of all, by
their position related to demarcation line and places of
fighting. However, all TPPs operate in complicated con-
ditions, caused by the damages of infrastructure, rupture
of well-established business communications, difficul-
ties with fuel supply due to fighting and locking coal
transportation from temporarily uncontrolled territories
of Donetsk and Lugansk regions since the beginning of
2017.
Vuhlehirska, Myronivska, Luganska TPP have
been located at the confrontation line, thus their prob-
lems have been determined by the consequences of
fighting. Primarily these are:
damages, inability/difficulty of recovery works;
damages, that cannot be recovered (DTEK Lugan-
ska TPP);
shortage of coal supply;
minimal regime of power units capacities’ utiliza-
tion due to logistic limitations of fuel supply;
inability to ensure safe labor conditions (violation
of “silence regime”, mining of “grey zone”);
shortage of substations and high-tension cables.
The periodicity and efficiency of these TPPs’ op-
eration depends of conflict escalation and shortages of
any types resources’ supply (coal and chemicals), ne-
cessary to recover the production process at electric ge-
nerating plants, damages of electric equipment, shortage
of spare parts for repair and impossibility of its stable
supply, as well as lack of personnel (about 70%).
Slovianska TPP has the problems, conditioned by
the consequences of fighting. As actual for this TPP, are
also the problems of fuel shortage, caused by locking of
anthracite supplies from uncontrolled territories. Lo-
gistic limitations are minimal after rearranging of the
power units on gas coal.
Restructured in 2015, DTEK Kurakhivska TPP is
one of the most prospective of TPPs of Donetsk region.
Based on the program of wide scale technical re-equip-
ment of generating capacities, the latter have been in-
creased, maneuverability range has been expanded, eco-
nomic and environmental indicators have been im-
proved. Since 2017 the technological processes should
be audited for the compliance with world standards and
complex energy saving program should be elaborated.
In the new conditions Kurakhivska TPP has the prob-
lems getting the optimal capacity utilization level.
Starobishyvska and Zuivska TPPs have been lo-
cated at the territory, not controlled by Ukraine.
To some extent the shortage of electric energy in
the energy system on the regions could be compensated
by the improvement of productive capacities’ utilization
of neighboring regions’ TPPs, that mainly operate in
suboptimal regimes and have been loaded by 20-25% of
design conditions. This should be considered as real, as
soon as other energy generating plants of Donetsk and
Lugansk regions operate with coal ranges, extracted at
the controlled territory, as well as gas-oil fuels, that al-
lows some maneuvers in fuel supply.
However, even after the termination of fighting,
the recovery of thermal energy engineering should be
complicated by high physical deterioration and obsoles-
cence of energy equipment, causing significant non-pro-
ductive losses of fuel and energy resources (the degree
of fixed assets’ of the sector wear in Donetsk and Lu-
gansk regions accounts for more than 50 %). The majo-
rity of energy facilities does not comply with European
environmental standards, have severe negative impact
on environment and requires modernization.
In the conditions of financial resources’ shortage
for TPPs reconstruction, the further exploitation of ob-
solete technologies will exhaust the resource of fixed as-
sets’ usage in electricity and heat generation and aggra-
vate the problem of efficiency of its exploitation (incre-
ment of losses during the transportation of fuel and
energy resources, its distribution and electric energy and
heat utilization, increase of emissions of pollutants). The
analysis of strengths and weaknesses of thermal power
engineering recovery/development at the controlled ter-
ritory of Donetsk and Lugansk regions has been in-
tegrated in Table 3.
Taken into account comparatively low cost of
1 KWt*h of electricity, generated by TPPs, the general
state-level priority of TPPs modernization till 2026 cre-
ates some opportunities for thermal power engineering
development during Donbas economy recovery. Fur-
thermore, according to electric energy production fore-
cast till 2035, electricity generation at TPP/CHPP in
Ukraine will be reduced insignificantly [7].
Accounting the world trends of TPPs share reduc-
tion in electric power generation requires the analysis of
opportunities for the development of alternative energy
engineering in Donetsk and Lugansk regions, based on
usage of non-traditional and renewable energy sources –
one of basic directions of technologies’ development
worldwide. Integrated with informational and nano-
technologies, this could be an important component of
neo-industrial model of economic development of Don-
bas.
References
1. Огляд енергетичної галузі за 2017 р. URL:
http://uaea.com.ua/review201801. 2. Енергетична га-
лузь України: підсумки 2016 року /Центр Разум-
кова. URL: ttp://razumkov.org.ua/uploads/article/ 2017
_ENERGY-FINAL.pdf. 3. Гібридна війна в Східній
Європі. Невоєнний вимір. Енергетичний компонент:
аналітична доповідь [Електроний ресурс] / М.Гон-
чар, А.Чубік, О.Іщук. – Київ, Центр глобалістики,
2014. – 34 с. – Режим доступу: http://geostrategy.
org.ua. 4. Відродження Донбасу: оцінка соціально-
економічних втрат і пріоритетні напрями державної
політики [Електроний ресурс] / [Лібанова Е. М.,
Амоша О. І., Вишневський В. П. та ін.]; Національна
O. Snihova
18
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(50), 2017
Table 3
SWOT-analysis of thermal power engineering at the territories
of Donetsk and Lugansk regions, controlled by Ukraine
Strengths Weaknesses
Location of the majority of energy generating plants of
Donetsk and Lugansk regions at the territory, controlled by
Ukraine;
Location of main consumers of electricity, produced by
TPPs (with energy intensive production), at the territory of
the regions;
National-level aspiration to TPPs modernization, ac-
cording to European Parliament and EU Council Directive,
limiting emissions of atmospheric pollutants at large com-
bustion plants;
Positive experience of TPPs modernization (Staro-
bishyvska & Kurakhivska) compliant with the European
standards of energy generating plants’ operation concerning
the limits of atmospheric pollutants emission;
Positive experience of Kurakhivska TPP reconstruction
concerning the improvement of its reliability and increase of
equipment lifetime, expanding maneuverability range, re-
ducing energy intensity;
The majority of energy generating plants of Donetsk and
Lugansk regions operate with the coal of ranges, extracted at
the territory, controlled by Ukraine;
The significant stock of explored reserves of coal at the
territory of Donetsk and Lugansk regions;
Adopted Plan of generating capacities’ development till
2026, envisaging TPPs’ modernization and reconstruction;
Planned re-equipment of TPPs, ordered to transfer to the
coal of gas range;
Planned increase of the capacities of Vuhlehirska, Ku-
rakhivska, Slovianska, Luganska TPPs at the expense of en-
ergy units’ rearrangement for gas range coal or low-calorie
coal and screened coal;
Planned building of a new power unit at Slovianska TPP;
Ability of all TPPs of Donetsk region and Luganska
TPP, remained at the controlled territory, to operate both
with coal and gas-oil fuels, that enables some maneuverabil-
ity in fuel supply strategies;
Opportunity to develop energy engineering using the fa-
cilities of distributed generation of low and medium capacity
(unit-stations at the plants of coal, metallurgical and coke in-
dustries)
Significant physical wear and obsolescence of energy
equipment, causing large non-productive losses of fuel and
energy resources (the degree of wear of fixed assets of the
sector in Donetsk and Lugansk regions accounts for more
than 50 %);
The majority of TPPs does not comply with European
environmental standards and make severe negative impact
on environment;
Major part of existing energy facilities requires modern-
ization;
Modernization of TPPs requires large investments;
Worldwide trends of TPPs’ share reduction in electricity
generation;
Reduction of demand for energy resources, conditioned
by demand decline at the international markets of products
of basic sectors of Donetsk and Lugansk regions;
Inefficient usage of productive capacities of TPPs (oper-
ating at the load of 20-25 % of design conditions reduces the
efficiency of facilities, mechanisms, equipment, working in
suboptimal regimes, the share of nonproductive unit costs in-
creases);
Weakens the development potential of the sector due to
the location of 3 of 5 energy generating plants at confronta-
tion line and one – at the stage of liquidation (SE “Lysychan-
ska CHPP”);
Reduction of coal extraction and its shortage for stable
TPPs operation;
Increasing problems of TPPs’ supply with coal fuel due
to the problems in coal industry and transport infrastructure
destruction;
Damages of energy facilities of TPPs, located at con-
frontation line;
Lack of personnel of energy generating plants (about
70%) in the conditions of fighting;
Shortage of spare parts for repair and impossibility of its
stable supply, conditioned by fighting; complications of
other resources’ supply (coal and chemicals), necessary for
production process recovery at energy generating plants;
Significant losses during transportation, distribution and
usage of electric energy and heat
Opportunities Threats
Shortage of financial resources for electric energy con-
suming enterprises to implement energy-efficient measures,
causing the conservation of high energy intensity;
Comparatively low cost of 1 KWt*h of electric energy,
generated by TPPs;
Undeveloped alternative energy sources
Deterioration of the problems of TPPs supply with any
resources due to the next escalation of armed conflict, or its
expansion to new territories of the country;
Shortage of financial resources for TPPs’ reconstruction;
Further exploitation of obsolete technologies at TPPs;
Exhausting of the lifetime of fixed assets in electricity
and heat generation, that can cause the reduction of effi-
ciency and deterioration of pollutants’ emission;
Increase of losses during the transportation of fuel end
energy resources, distribution and usage of electric energy
and heat;
Risks of price increases for energy resources
O. Snihova
19
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(50), 2017
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kmu.gov.ua/minugol/doccatalog/Dodatok-1-Plan-rozvy
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ної стратегії України на період до 2035 року “Без-
пека, енергоефективність, конкурентоспромож-
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80.
Снігова О. Ю. Проблеми відновлення та
розвитку теплової енергетики на підконтрольній
території Донецької та Луганської областей
Здійснено оцінку представленості генеруючих
підприємств теплової енергетики на підконтрольній
території Донецької та Луганської областей. Оці-
нено спроможність та перспективи відновлення
теплової енергетики в нових економічних та політи-
чних умовах, що характеризуються втратою час-
тини потенціалів східних областей. Виявлено слабкі
сторони та обмежувачі функціонування галузі в но-
вих умовах. Встановлено ризики (загрози), що мо-
жуть стримувати, ускладнювати або унеможливлю-
вати її розвиток.
Ключові слова: теплова енергетика; перспек-
тиви відновлення; підконтрольні території; Доне-
цька та Луганська області; втрата частки економіч-
ного та ресурсного потенціалу.
Снеговая Е. Ю. Проблемы восстановления и
развития тепловой энергетики на подконтроль-
ной территории Донецкой и Луганской областей
Осуществлена оценка представленности гене-
рирующих предприятий тепловой энергетики на
подконтрольных территориях Донецкой и Луган-
ской областей. Выявлены перспективы восстановле-
ния тепловой энергетики в новых экономических и
политических условиях, характеризующихся поте-
рей части потенциалов восточных областей. Выяв-
лены слабые стороны и ограничения функциониро-
вания отрасли в новых условиях. Установлены
риски и угрозы, которые могут сдерживать или
усложнять ее развитие.
Ключевые слова: тепловая энергетика; перспек-
тивы восстановления; подконтрольные территории;
Донецка и Луганская область; утрата экономиче-
ского и ресурсного потенциала.
Snihova O. The problems of recovery and devel-
opment of thermal power engineering at the con-
trolled territories of Donetsk and Lugansk regions
The assessment of representation of thermal power
plants at the controlled territories of Donetsk and Lu-
gansk regions has been done. The opportunities and pro-
spects of thermal power engineering recovery has been
estimated in the new economic and political conditions,
characterized by the loss of a part of Eastern regions’
potential. Weaknesses and limitations of the sector func-
tioning in the new conditions have been revealed. Risks
(threats) that can impede, complicate or disable its de-
velopment, have been determined.
Keywords: thermal power engineering, recovery
prospects, controlled territories, Donetsk and Lugansk
regions, loss of a part of economic and resource poten-
tial.
Received by the editors: 11.12.2017
and final form 22.12.2017
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