Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident
The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in the culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes of thyroid cancer (TC) patients having been exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chornob...
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| Zitieren: | Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident / V.M. Shkarupa, O.Y. Mishcheniuk, S.O. Henyk-Berezovska, V.O. Palamarchuk, S.V. Klymenko // Experimental Oncology. — 2016 — Т. 38, № 4. — С. 257-260. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ. |
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irk-123456789-1376912018-06-18T03:05:34Z Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident Shkarupa, V.M. Mishcheniuk, O.Y. Henyk-Berezovska, S.O. Palamarchuk, V.O. Klymenko, S.V. Original contributions The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in the culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes of thyroid cancer (TC) patients having been exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chornobyl accident. Materials and Methods: XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction in 102 TC patients including 38 patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to Chornobyl disaster (Chornobyl recovery workers, evacuees, and the residents of contaminated areas), 64 patients without history of ionizing radiation exposure and 45 healthy residents of Ukraine as control group. Results: In homozygous carriers of the minor allele XPD Gln751Gln, exposed to ionizing radiation, the significantly increased risk of TC (odds ratio = 3.66; p = 0.03; 95% confidence interval 1.04–12.84) was found. Among evacuees and residents of contaminated areas, homozygous carriers of the minor allele variants of XPD gene were characterized by the high level of spontaneous chromosome aberrations. TC patients without history of ionizing radiation exposure, being homozygous carriers of the allele XPD Lys751Lys, had significantly reduced frequency of chromosome-type aberrations. Conclusions: The carriage of homozygous minor allele of DNA repair gene XPD Gln751Gln is a risk factor for TC in persons from Ukrainian population exposed to ionizing radiation and is associated with the increased levels of chromosomal instability. This article is a part of a Special Issue entitled “The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years After”. 2016 Article Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident / V.M. Shkarupa, O.Y. Mishcheniuk, S.O. Henyk-Berezovska, V.O. Palamarchuk, S.V. Klymenko // Experimental Oncology. — 2016 — Т. 38, № 4. — С. 257-260. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ. 1812-9269 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/137691 en Experimental Oncology Інститут експериментальної патології, онкології і радіобіології ім. Р.Є. Кавецького НАН України |
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Original contributions Original contributions Shkarupa, V.M. Mishcheniuk, O.Y. Henyk-Berezovska, S.O. Palamarchuk, V.O. Klymenko, S.V. Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident Experimental Oncology |
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The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in the culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes of thyroid cancer (TC) patients having been exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chornobyl accident. Materials and Methods: XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction in 102 TC patients including 38 patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to Chornobyl disaster (Chornobyl recovery workers, evacuees, and the residents of contaminated areas), 64 patients without history of ionizing radiation exposure and 45 healthy residents of Ukraine as control group. Results: In homozygous carriers of the minor allele XPD Gln751Gln, exposed to ionizing radiation, the significantly increased risk of TC (odds ratio = 3.66; p = 0.03; 95% confidence interval 1.04–12.84) was found. Among evacuees and residents of contaminated areas, homozygous carriers of the minor allele variants of XPD gene were characterized by the high level of spontaneous chromosome aberrations. TC patients without history of ionizing radiation exposure, being homozygous carriers of the allele XPD Lys751Lys, had significantly reduced frequency of chromosome-type aberrations. Conclusions: The carriage of homozygous minor allele of DNA repair gene XPD Gln751Gln is a risk factor for TC in persons from Ukrainian population exposed to ionizing radiation and is associated with the increased levels of chromosomal instability. This article is a part of a Special Issue entitled “The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years After”. |
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Article |
| author |
Shkarupa, V.M. Mishcheniuk, O.Y. Henyk-Berezovska, S.O. Palamarchuk, V.O. Klymenko, S.V. |
| author_facet |
Shkarupa, V.M. Mishcheniuk, O.Y. Henyk-Berezovska, S.O. Palamarchuk, V.O. Klymenko, S.V. |
| author_sort |
Shkarupa, V.M. |
| title |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| title_short |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| title_full |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| title_fullStr |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| title_sort |
polymorphism of dna repair gene xpd lys751gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident |
| publisher |
Інститут експериментальної патології, онкології і радіобіології ім. Р.Є. Кавецького НАН України |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| topic_facet |
Original contributions |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/137691 |
| citation_txt |
Polymorphism of dna repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to the chornobyl accident / V.M. Shkarupa, O.Y. Mishcheniuk, S.O. Henyk-Berezovska, V.O. Palamarchuk, S.V. Klymenko // Experimental Oncology. — 2016 — Т. 38, № 4. — С. 257-260. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Experimental Oncology |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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2025-07-10T04:18:00Z |
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2025-07-10T04:18:00Z |
| _version_ |
1837232115572277248 |
| fulltext |
Experimental Oncology ��� �������� ���� ��ecem�er���� �������� ���� ��ecem�er� ��ecem�er� ���
POLYMORPHISM OF DNA REPAIR GENE XPD Lys751Gln
AND CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS IN LYMPHOCYTES
OF THYROID CANCER PATIENTS EXPOSED TO IONIZING
RADIATION DUE TO THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT
V.M. Shkarupa1, *, O.Y. Mishcheniuk1, S.O. Henyk-Berezovska2, V.O. Palamarchuk3, S.V. Klymenko1
1State Institution «National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine of National Academy of Medical
Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
2State Institution «Institute of Hereditary Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine,
Lviv 79000, Ukraine
3Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center of Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs
and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv 01021, Ukraine
The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPD Lys751Gln and frequency
and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in the culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes of thyroid cancer (TC) patients having
been exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chornobyl accident. Materials and Methods: XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms were
detected by polymerase chain reaction in 102 TC patients including 38 patients exposed to ionizing radiation due to Chornobyl
disaster (Chornobyl recovery workers, evacuees, and the residents of contaminated areas), 64 patients without history of ionizing
radiation exposure and 45 healthy residents of Ukraine as control group. Results: In homozygous carriers of the minor allele XPD
Gln751Gln, exposed to ionizing radiation, the significantly increased risk of TC (odds ratio = 3.66; p = 0.03; 95% confidence
interval 1.04–12.84) was found. Among evacuees and residents of contaminated areas, homozygous carriers of the minor allele
variants of XPD gene were characterized by the high level of spontaneous chromosome aberrations. TC patients without history
of ionizing radiation exposure, being homozygous carriers of the allele XPD Lys751Lys, had significantly reduced frequency
of chromosome-type aberrations. Conclusions: The carriage of homozygous minor allele of DNA repair gene XPD Gln751Gln
is a risk factor for TC in persons from Ukrainian population exposed to ionizing radiation and is associated with the increased
levels of chromosomal instability. This article is a part of a Special Issue entitled “The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years
After”.
Key Words: XPD gene polymorphisms, thyroid cancer, Chornobyl disaster, chromosome aberrations.
The diversity of XP� protein role in transcription
processes and �NA repair status underlines the
value of a polymorphic gene status in a suscepti�ility
to cancer pathology [���]. However� the role of XP�
polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of malignant
tumors remains controversial. One and the same al-
leles of polymorphic gene XPD may have the favora�le
or protective effect in terms of oncogenesis� depend-
ing on the ethnicity of the population� the type of tis-
sue� from which the tumor develops� and the impact
of environmental factors [��9]. For these reasons� the
literature data on the role of polymorphisms of gene
XPD in cancer risk and tumor progression� especially
under the impact of ionizing radiation �IR�� are am�igu-
ous and further research is required.
XP� is an important component of nucleotide exci-
sion repair �NER� and is a�le to resist radiation-induced
�NA damage [��]. �NA repair gene polymorphisms
result in significant differences in the efficiency of re-
pair of already existing �NA damage. The changes
of functional activity of specific proteins that function
in the reparative systems� potentially lead to mutagen-
esis. However� the role of individual polymorphic �NA
repair system markers in chromosome mutagenesis
can not �e definitively esta�lished. Search for impor-
tant genetic markers of individual genotoxic sensitivity
to radiation effects among highly polymorphic genes
today also gave not definitive results [�����]. Among
the possi�le reasons for this� it was indicated the use
of different approaches for the assessment of the mu-
tagenesis �the measure different metrics: a�errations
of chromosomes� micronuclei� �NA strand �reaks�
in populations� that have the different distri�ution
of genotypes of the polymorphic markers [��]. How-
ever� the study of the relationship of polymorphisms
of genes with the level of chromosomal damages in the
cohorts of persons exposed to IR� may increase the
sensitivity of cytogenetic �iomarkers as the indicators
of the genotoxic effects� as well as may help in the
identification of the risk groups.
IR is a causative factor of the radiogenic thyroid
cancer �TC�. According to a result of large-scale radia-
tion and epidemiological studies� the frequency of the
TC among of various contingents of the population
exposed to radiation as a result of the Chorno�yl ac-
cident is increasing. In several studies was found the
relationship �etween of high level of the chromosomal
a�errations in the culture of peripheral �lood lym-
Submitted: August 01, 2016.
*Correspondence: E-mail: Shkarupa_vlad@bigmir.net
Abbreviations used: IR — ionizing radiation; IRS — individual radio-
sensitivity; NER — nucleotide excision repair; NPP — nuclear po-
wer plant; PCR — polymerase chain reaction; TC — thyroid cancer.
Exp Oncol ����
��� 4� �������
��� Experimental Oncology ��� �������� ���� ��ecem�er�
phocytes of persons exposed to IR and the risk of the
developing of the TC [�9].
The aim of this work was to analyze the relation-
ship �etween polymorphisms of �NA repair gene XPD
Lys���Gln and frequency and spectrum of chromo-
some a�errations in the culture of peripheral �lood
lymphocytes of TC patients exposed to IR due to the
Chorno�yl accident.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Genotyping of polymorphisms XPD Lys���Gln
was performed �y polymerase chain reaction �PCR�
with electrophoretic visualization of PCR products
in �% agarose gel in ��� TC patients. �� TC patients
exposed to IR due to Chorno�yl accident created the
group I. Among them� there were �� cleanup workers
at the Chorno�yl nuclear power plant �participants
in liquidation of the Chorno�yl nuclear power plant
�NPP� accident consequences� group IA�; and
�� evacuees and residents from areas contaminated
with radionuclides �group IB�. To the group II we in-
cluded �4 TC patients without history of IR exposure.
The control group was selected from Ukrainian
population and accounted 4� persons without cancer.
Analysis of the association �etween the XPD Lys-
���Gln polymorphism and frequency and spectrum
of chromosome a�errations �metaphase analysis
of chromosomal a�errations in peripheral �lood lym-
phocyte cultures� was performed in �� TC patients�
who had not received chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
On average� ��� metaphases were analyzed �����
���� of the first mitosis per person. �ifferential count-
ing of chromosome- and chromatid-type a�errations
was conducted. The patients were treated in National
Research Center for Radiation Medicine of National
Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. The study
has �een performed in accordance with ethics rules
for �iomedical research. All patients gave an informed
consent for the participation in the study.
Compliance with Hardy — Wein�erg equili�rium
was assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Odds ratio
�OR� was assessed using logistic regression analysis
for the three models of inheritance: multiplicative�
additive� and dominant. For frequency and spectrum
of chromosomal a�errations mean values and their
standard error �M ± m� were calculated. Estimation
of group frequencies of chromosomal a�errations
was calculated �y avera ging individual frequencies
for individuals with certain genotype. Intergroup dif-
ferences of cytogenetic parameters were evaluated
using Fisher’s exact test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Previously� we have investigated features of the
relationship �etween the XPD Lys���G polymorphism
and the risks of TC development in persons exposed
to IR after Chorno�yl disaster [��]. In comparison
with the previous work� in this study we increased the
num�er of patients in the control group� these results
are shown in Ta�le � and Ta�le �.
In the total group of TC patients� regardless of his-
tory of radiation exposure� the distri�ution of geno-
types corresponded to Hardy — Wein�erg equation.
Conversely� among TC patients without influence
of IR in history �group II�� the distri�ution of genotypes
did not meet Hardy — Wein�erg equation �Ta�le ��.
Table 1. Distribution of individual gene polymorphisms Lys751Gln XPD,
the frequency of the variant allele of the gene XPD, and the genotypes dis-
tribution matching Hardy — Weinberg equation
Groups
XPD genotype, n (%) Hardy —
Weinberg
χ2, р
Lys751Lys Lys751Gln Gln751Gln
V allele
(751Gln)
frequency
TC (all pa-
tients), n = 102
31 (30.39) 55 (53.92) 16 (15.69) 0.43 1.07
р = 0.30
I, n = 38 11 (28.95) 17 (44.74) 10 (26.31) 0.49 0.42
р = 0.52
IA, n = 10 1 (10.00) 3 (30.00) 6 (60.00) 0.75 0.40
р = 0.53
IB, n = 28 10 (35.71) 14 (50.00) 4 (14.29) 0.39 0.06
р = 0.80
II, n = 64 20 (31.24) 38 (59.38) 6 (9.38) 0.39 3.91
р = 0.05
Control,
n = 45
20 (44.44) 21 (46.67) 4 (8.89) 0.32 0.21
р = 0.65
Table 2. Association of XPD gene Lys751Gln polymorphism with risk of TC
Groups
Multiplicative
model Additive model Dominant model
OR; 95% confidence interval (CI); p value
TC (all pa-
tients; n =
102) vs control
group
(n = 45)
Allele Lys751
0.64 (0.38–1.08)
Allele Gln751
1.56 (0.93–2.64)
р = 0.09
Lys751/Lys751
0.68 (0.26–1.13)
Lys751/Gln751
1.34 (0.66–2.70)
Gln751/Gln751
1.91 (0.60–6.07)
р = 0.08
Lys751/Lys751
+ Lys751/Gln751
0.52 (0.16–1.67)
Gln751/Gln751
1.91 (0.60–6.07]
р = 0.27
I (n = 38)
vs control
group (n = 45)
Allele Lys751
0.50 (0.27–0.94)
Allele Gln751
2.00 (1.06–3.75)
р = 0.03
Lys751/Lys751
0.51 (0.20–1.27)
Lys751/Gln751
0.93 (0.39–2.20)
Gln751/Gln751
3.66 (1.04–12.84)
р = 0.03
Lys751/Lys751
+ Lys751/Gln751
0.27 (0.08–0.96)
Gln751/Gln751
3.66 (1.04–12.84)
р = 0.03
II (n = 64)
vs control
group (n = 45)
Allele Lys751
0.74 (0.42–1.31)
Allele Gln751
1.35 (0.76–2.38)
р = 0.30
Lys751/Lys751
0.57 (0.26–1.25)
Lys751/Gln751
1.67 (0.77–3.61)
Gln751/Gln751
1.06 (0.28–4.00)
р = 0.26
Lys751/Lys751
+ Lys751/Gln751
0.94 (0.25–3.55)
Gln751/Gln751
1.06 (0.28–4.00)
р = 0.93
Analysis of the literature and comparison of the
results showed that the frequency of the variant allele
XPD ���Gln in the group IB and group II did not dif-
fer �y this parameter in persons without cancer from
Poland — �.�9� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if- �.�9� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if-�.�9� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if-.�9� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if-�9� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if-� �.�9 and �.��� respectively [9]. �if- and �.��� respectively [9]. �if-.��� respectively [9]. �if-��� respectively [9]. �if-. �if- �if-
ferences in frequency of polymorphic allele of gene
XPD ���Gln in com�ined group of persons �group I�
exposed to IR as a result of the Chorno�yl accident
are statistically not significant compared to the
group II. The frequency of variant alleles of the gene
XPD ���Gln in persons of this group was increased
compared with group II ��.49 and �.�9� respectively��
�ut the difference was not significant �p = �.���.
The frequency of homozygous allele carriers
Gln���Gln �among all other genotypes� in TC patients
exposed to IR was significantly higher than in TC pa-
tients without IR exposure in history �Ta�le �� — ��.��%
and 9.��%� respectively� χ� = �.��� p = �.���. The fre-
Experimental Oncology ��� �������� ���� ��ecem�er���� �������� ���� ��ecem�er� ��ecem�er� ��9
quency of this genotype in a group of other categories
of Chorno�yl victims �evacuees and residents of con-
taminated territories� did not differ significantly �χ� =
�.��� p = �.�4�.
The OR was calculated in different models of inheri-
tance �Ta�le ��. When compared with a control group
of Ukrainian population in homozygous carriers of the
minor allele of the gene XPD Lys���Gln� exposed to IR�
it was found a significantly increased risk of TC: OR =
�.��; p = �.�� �9�% CI �.�4���.�4�. When compared
with a control group of Ukrainian population in patients
without a history of exposure to IR� carrier state of ho-
mozygous minor alleles of the gene XPD Lys���Gln
was not associated with risk of TC: OR = �.��; p =
�.9� �9�% CI �.���4.���. In our research the IR was
a factor that determined the high risk of TC depending
on Lys���Gln XPD polymorphism.
Association analysis was performed �etween
frequency of spontaneous chromosome a�errations
in TC patients and XPD Lys���Gln polymorphism. The
significant link of XPD Lys���Gln gene polymorphism
with elevated chromosome a�errations was o�served
only in the group IB of TC patients evacuated and
residents of contaminated areas in Ukraine. The aver-
age frequency of chromosome a�errations in patients
with genotype Gln���Gln was significantly higher
than in heterozygotes Lys���Gln ��.�� ± �.�9 and
�.�� ± �.�� a�errations/per ��� cells� respectively�
p = �.����. Although a similar trend was o�served
in relation to Lys���Lys homozygotes� the difference
in this case has insufficient level of certainty due to two
times less sampling. �ifferences in frequency of chro-
mosome- and chromatid-type a�errations depending
on the genotype in this group were not found.
In participants of liquidation of the Chorno�yl NPP
accident consequences of group IA� in which the cyto-
genetic analysis was held� there were none individuals
homozygous �y the major allele XPD Lys���Lys. The
tendency to increase the frequency of a�errations
in individuals with genotype Gln���Gln compared with
heterozygotes XPD Lys���Gln was insufficient �p =
�.���. In the group of TC patients� who did not have
the impact of IR in history �group II�� the individuals
with genotype XPD Gln���Gln were not found. The
tendency to increase the overall frequency of a�erra-
tions in heterozygotes XPD Lys���Gln compared with
carriers of genotype XPD Lys���Lys is insignificant
in this group �p = �.�9�. However� TC patients without
exposure to IR in history �group II� �eing homozygous
XPD Lys���Lys carriers were characterized �y the
significantly reduced frequency of chromosome-type
a�errations �p = �.���� Ta�le ��.
Sal’nikova et al. [��] revealed that frequency
of spontaneous a�errations of chromosomal type
additively increased �y rising the num�er of cop-
ies of the minor allele variants of XPD *����G and
*���A. These authors also o�served the elevated
levels of γ-induced chromosome a�errations in car-
riers of major alleles of XRCC1 G�99�A �Arg�99Gln�
and XRCC1 *C��9T �Arg�94Trp� �p = �.���� and
minor allele hOGG1 *C9��G �Ser���Cys� �p =
�.���� [��]. Another study demonstrated the XPD
Gln���Gln polymorphism association with increased
levels of chromosomal a�errations in micronucleus
test among radiologists and cardiologists� who carry
out radiography [��� �4]. Au et al. [��] o�served that
�y X-rays and UV �lood irradiation in volunteers�
polymorphisms XPD ���Asn and XPD ���Gln were
associated with increasing levels of chromatyd �reaks
compared to wild-type alleles �p < �.���. Sal’nikova
et al. found that frequency of spontaneous a�erra-found that frequency of spontaneous a�erra-
tions of chromosomal type in the liquidators of the
Chorno�yl accident increased in carriers of minor al-
leles of the XPD gene �loci ����T>G and ���G>A� and
“positive” genotypes of GSTM1-GSTT1 detoxification
genes [��]. There was found the statistically significant
increase of chromosomal a�errations in patients with
lung cancer with polymorphic variants of the gene XPD
T/G and G/G compared with T/T genotype [��]. In our
study the carriage of homozygous minor allele XPD
Gln���Gln of �NA repair gene was associated with
increased levels of chromosomal insta�ility in TC pa-
tients among evacuees and residents of contaminated
areas. These patients� unlike the patients of the group
IA� have �een su�jected to more prolonged exposure
to the low doses of radiation. The results suggest
a possi�le role for the violations of repair processes
in the carriers of this genotype in the increased risk
of TC development of cancer of the thyroid gland�
especially in the conditions of chronic exposure to the
low doses of radiation.
Table 3. Link of repair gene polymorphisms XPD Lys751Gln with spontaneous level of chromosomal abnormalities in lymphocytes of peripheral blood
in TC patients
Groups, genotype Frequency
of aberrant cell р Frequency
of aberrations р Chromatyd-type
aberrations р Chromosome-type
aberrations р
TC patients, group ІA (n = 10)
Lys751Lys – – – –
Lys751Gln 2.44 ± 0.91 2.79 ± 0.97 2.44 ± 0.91 0.35 ± 0.34
Gln751Gln 2.95 ± 0.72 p2 = 0.67 3.50 ± 0.78 p2 = 0.58 2.21 ± 0.63 p2 = 0.83 1.29 ± 0.48 p2 = 0.18
TC patients, group ІB (n = 22)
Lys751Lys 3.00 ± 0.76 3.41 ± 0.81 2.20 ± 0.65 1.20 ± 0.48
Lys751Gln 2.68 ± 0.34 р3 > 0.05 3.07 ± 0.36 р3 > 0.05 1.73 ± 0.27 р3 > 0.05 1.34 ± 0.24 р3 > 0.05
Gln751Gln 4.51 ± 1.10 р1 = 0.24
р2 = 0.05
5.35 ± 1.19 р1 = 0.16
р2 = 0.03
3.10 ± 0.91 р1 = 0.41
р2 = 0.08
2.25 ± 0.78 р1 = 0.23
р2 = 0.18
TC patients, group ІІ (n = 10)
Lys751Lys 1.85 ± 0.49 1.98 ± 0.50 1.85 ± 0.49 0.13 ± 0.13
Lys751Gln 2.49 ± 0.57 р3 = 0.40 3.04 ± 0.63 р3 = 0.19 1.52 ± 0.45 р3 = 0.62 1.52 ± 0.45 р3 = 0.007
Gln751Gln – – – –
Notes: р1 — Gln751Gln vs Lys751Lys; р2 — Gln751Gln vs Lys751Gln; р3 — Lys751Gln vs Lys751Lys.
��� Experimental Oncology ��� �������� ���� ��ecem�er�
It is not possi�le to estimate the influence of the
a�er rations frequency on the modification of the
TC risk in the carriers of the Gln���Gln genotype�
�ecause in the Chorno�yl NPP accident liquidators
of the group IА the genotype XPD Lys���Lys was not
found. It should �e noted the significant reduction
of the mitotic index of the lymphocyte culture in the
group ІA patients in comparison with the other groups
of patients. This resulted in the reduction of the fre-
quency of a�errations in the total cell culture and the
lack of the significant differences in the frequency
of chromosomal a�errations �etween the carriers
of the different genotypes in this group� compared
with group IB.
CONCLUSIONS
In homozygous carriers of the minor allele of the gene
XPD Gln���Gln� exposed to IR� there was found a signifi-
cantly increased risk of TC with OR = �.��� p = �.�� �9�%
CI �.�4���.�4� compared to a control group of Ukrai-
nian population. In TC patients who were evacuees and
residents of the areas contaminated with radionuclides�
homozygous carriage of the minor allele variants XPD
Gln���Gln gene was associated with the increased levels
of spontaneous chromosome a�errations.
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