Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes

Polymeric composites based on the butyl methacrylate: nonyl methacrylate (3:1) copolymer doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes with donor and acceptor substituents and the cobalt complexes thereof have been obtained. The influence of an external electric field on the polymeric film transmission of...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Datum:2009
Hauptverfasser: Davidenko, N.A., Davidenko, I.I., Savchenko, I.A., Sinyugina, A.T., Studzinsky, S.L., Popenaka, A.N., Tonkopieva, L.S., Kolendo, A.Yu., Ankin, A.N.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України 2009
Schriftenreihe:Functional Materials
Schlagworte:
Online Zugang:http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/138916
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Назва журналу:Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Zitieren:Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes // N.A. Davidenko, I.I. Davidenko, I.A. Savchenko, A.T. Sinyugina, S.L. Studzinsky, A.N. Popenaka, L.S. Tonkopieva, A.Yu. Kolendo, A.N. Ankin // Functional Materials. — 2009. — Т. 16, № 3. — С. 335-338. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ.

Institution

Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
id irk-123456789-138916
record_format dspace
spelling irk-123456789-1389162018-06-20T03:04:15Z Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes Davidenko, N.A. Davidenko, I.I. Savchenko, I.A. Sinyugina, A.T. Studzinsky, S.L. Popenaka, A.N. Tonkopieva, L.S. Kolendo, A.Yu. Ankin, A.N. Characterization and properties Polymeric composites based on the butyl methacrylate: nonyl methacrylate (3:1) copolymer doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes with donor and acceptor substituents and the cobalt complexes thereof have been obtained. The influence of an external electric field on the polymeric film transmission of linearly polarized light in the long-wave part of the azo dye absorption range (corresponding to ππ* azo fragment absorption range) and their metal complexes have been revealed. The influence of the electric field on the transmission is connected with the forces acting on dipole moments of azobenzene groups and metal ions. Одержано полімерні композити на основі співполімеру бутилметакрилат:нонілметакрилат (3:1) з домішками азобарвників на основі 8-оксихіноліну з донорним і акцепторним замісниками та їх комплексів з кобальтом. Виявлено вплив зовнішнього електричного поля на пропускання полімерними плівками лінійно поляризованого світла на довгохвильовій межі поглинання азобарвників (яка відповідає ππ* смузі поглинання азофрагментів) та їх металокомплексів. Вплив електричного поля на пропускання світла пояснюється виникненням сил, які діють на дипольні моменти азобензольних груп і на іони металу. Получены полимерные композиты на основе сополимера бутилметакрилат:нонилметакрилат (3:1) с добавками азокрасителей на основе 8-оксихинолина с донорным и акцепторным заместителями и их комплексов с кобальтом. Обнаружено влияние внешнего электрического поля на пропускание полимерными пленками линейно поляризованного света на длинноволновом краю поглощения азокрасителей (соответствующем ππ* полосе поглощения азофрагментов) и их металлокомплексов. Влияние электрического поля на пропускание света объясняется возникновением сил, действующих на дипольные моменты азобензольных групп и на ионы металла. 2009 Article Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes // N.A. Davidenko, I.I. Davidenko, I.A. Savchenko, A.T. Sinyugina, S.L. Studzinsky, A.N. Popenaka, L.S. Tonkopieva, A.Yu. Kolendo, A.N. Ankin // Functional Materials. — 2009. — Т. 16, № 3. — С. 335-338. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ. 1027-5495 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/138916 en Functional Materials НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
collection DSpace DC
language English
topic Characterization and properties
Characterization and properties
spellingShingle Characterization and properties
Characterization and properties
Davidenko, N.A.
Davidenko, I.I.
Savchenko, I.A.
Sinyugina, A.T.
Studzinsky, S.L.
Popenaka, A.N.
Tonkopieva, L.S.
Kolendo, A.Yu.
Ankin, A.N.
Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
Functional Materials
description Polymeric composites based on the butyl methacrylate: nonyl methacrylate (3:1) copolymer doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes with donor and acceptor substituents and the cobalt complexes thereof have been obtained. The influence of an external electric field on the polymeric film transmission of linearly polarized light in the long-wave part of the azo dye absorption range (corresponding to ππ* azo fragment absorption range) and their metal complexes have been revealed. The influence of the electric field on the transmission is connected with the forces acting on dipole moments of azobenzene groups and metal ions.
format Article
author Davidenko, N.A.
Davidenko, I.I.
Savchenko, I.A.
Sinyugina, A.T.
Studzinsky, S.L.
Popenaka, A.N.
Tonkopieva, L.S.
Kolendo, A.Yu.
Ankin, A.N.
author_facet Davidenko, N.A.
Davidenko, I.I.
Savchenko, I.A.
Sinyugina, A.T.
Studzinsky, S.L.
Popenaka, A.N.
Tonkopieva, L.S.
Kolendo, A.Yu.
Ankin, A.N.
author_sort Davidenko, N.A.
title Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
title_short Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
title_full Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
title_fullStr Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
title_full_unstemmed Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
title_sort electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes
publisher НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
publishDate 2009
topic_facet Characterization and properties
url http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/138916
citation_txt Electro-optical properties of polymeric "guest-host" system doped with 8-hydroxyquinoline azo dyes and its cobalt complexes // N.A. Davidenko, I.I. Davidenko, I.A. Savchenko, A.T. Sinyugina, S.L. Studzinsky, A.N. Popenaka, L.S. Tonkopieva, A.Yu. Kolendo, A.N. Ankin // Functional Materials. — 2009. — Т. 16, № 3. — С. 335-338. — Бібліогр.: 20 назв. — англ.
series Functional Materials
work_keys_str_mv AT davidenkona electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT davidenkoii electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT savchenkoia electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT sinyuginaat electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT studzinskysl electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT popenakaan electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT tonkopievals electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT kolendoayu electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
AT ankinan electroopticalpropertiesofpolymericguesthostsystemdopedwith8hydroxyquinolineazodyesanditscobaltcomplexes
first_indexed 2025-07-10T06:50:11Z
last_indexed 2025-07-10T06:50:11Z
_version_ 1837241690142801920
fulltext (OHFWUR�RSWLFDO�SURSHUWLHV�RI�SRO\PHULF�JXHVW�KRVW��V\VWHP�GRSHG�ZLWK��K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH�D]R�G\HV�DQG�LWV�FREDOWFRPSOH[HV� 1�$�'DYLGHQNR��,�,�'DYLGHQNR��,�$�6DYFKHQNR�$�7�6LQ\XJLQD��6�/�6WXG]LQVN\��$�1�3RSHQDND�/�6�7RQNRSLHYD��$�<X�.ROHQGR��$�1�$QNLQ 7��6KHYFKHQNR�1DWLRQDO�.\LY�8QLYHUVLW\� ���9RORG\P\UVND�6W���������.\LY��8NUDLQH 5HFHLYHG�$SULO��������� 3RO\PHULF�FRPSRVLWHV�EDVHG�RQ�WKH�EXW\O�PHWKDFU\ODWH��QRQ\O�PHWKDFU\ODWH�������FRSRO\� PHU�GRSHG�ZLWK���K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH�D]R�G\HV�ZLWK�GRQRU�DQG�DFFHSWRU�VXEVWLWXHQWV�DQG�WKH FREDOW�FRPSOH[HV�WKHUHRI�KDYH�EHHQ�REWDLQHG��7KH�LQIOXHQFH�RI�DQ�H[WHUQDO�HOHFWULF�ILHOG�RQ WKH�SRO\PHULF�ILOP�WUDQVPLVVLRQ�RI�OLQHDUO\�SRODUL]HG�OLJKW�LQ�WKH�ORQJ�ZDYH�SDUW�RI�WKH�D]R G\H�DEVRUSWLRQ�UDQJH��FRUUHVSRQGLQJ�WR�SS �D]R�IUDJPHQW�DEVRUSWLRQ�UDQJH��DQG�WKHLU�PHWDO FRPSOH[HV� KDYH� EHHQ� UHYHDOHG�� 7KH� LQIOXHQFH� RI� WKH� HOHFWULF� ILHOG� RQ� WKH� WUDQVPLVVLRQ� LV FRQQHFWHG�ZLWK�WKH�IRUFHV�DFWLQJ�RQ�GLSROH�PRPHQWV�RI�D]REHQ]HQH�JURXSV�DQG�PHWDO�LRQV� �ºã��ËÓ©�¹ºãÒä˯өË�}ºä¹ºÏÒ�©�ÓÈ�º°ÓºmË�°º¹ºãÒä˯È�­��ÒãäË�È}¯ÒãÈ��ÓºÓÒãäË� �È}¯ÒãÈ�� ������ °� �º­Èm}ÈäÒ� ÈϺ}¯È°Ò�ËãË®� ÓÈ� º°ÓºmË� ��º}°Ò²ÒÓºãÒÓÈ� °� �ºÓº¯Ó©ä� Ò È}�˹�º¯Ó©ä�ÏÈä˰�Ò�Ëã«äÒ�Ò�Ò²�}ºä¹ãË}°ºm�°�}º­Èã �ºä��|­Óȯ�ÎËÓº�mãÒ«ÓÒË�mÓË�� ÓË�º�ªãË}�¯Ò�˰}º�º�¹ºã«�ÓÈ�¹¯º¹�°}ÈÓÒË�¹ºãÒä˯өäÒ�¹ãËÓ}ÈäÒ�ãÒÓˮӺ�¹ºã«¯ÒϺ� mÈÓÓº�º� °mË�È� ÓÈ� �ãÒÓÓºmºãÓºmºä� }¯È � ¹º�ãº�ËÓÒ«� ÈϺ}¯È°Ò�ËãË®� �°ºº�mË�°�m� �Ëä SS �¹ºãº°Ë�¹º�ãº�ËÓÒ«�ÈϺÁ¯È�äËÓ�ºm��Ò�Ò²�äË�Èããº}ºä¹ãË}°ºm��{ãÒ«ÓÒË�ªãË}�¯Ò�˰� }º�º� ¹ºã«� ÓÈ� ¹¯º¹�°}ÈÓÒË� °mË�È� º­�«°Ó«Ë�°«� mºÏÓÒ}ÓºmËÓÒËä� °Òã�� �Ë®°�m� �Ò²� ÓÈ �Ò¹ºã Ó©Ë�äºäËÓ�©�ÈϺ­ËÓϺã Ó©²��¯�¹¹�Ò�ÓÈ�ÒºÓ©�äË�ÈããÈ�� )LOPV� RI� SRO\PHULF� FRPSRVLWLRQV� �3&)� FRQWDLQLQJ�D]REHQ]HQH�G\HV�>�Ü�@�RU�D]REHQ� ]HQH�ODWHUDO�JURXSV�>�Ü�@�DUH�RI�LQWHUHVW�IRU WKHLU� DSSOLFDWLRQ� DV� RSWLFDOO\� DFWLYH� PHGLD� LQ�SDUWLFXODU�DV�SRODUL]DWLRQ�VHQVLWLYH�PHGLD IRU� UHFRUGLQJ� RI� RSWLFDO� KRORJUDPV� >�@� DQG HOHFWUR�RSWLF� PRGXODWRUV� >�����@�� 7KH� 3&) FRQWDLQLQJ� D]R� G\HV� EDVHG� RQ� WKH� ��K\� GUR[\TXLQROLQH� DUH� NQRZQ� WR� VKRZ� D� SKR� WRLQGXFHG� RSWLFDO� DQLVRWURS\� >��Ü��@��+RZ� HYHU�� WKH� HOHFWUR�RSWLFDO� SURSHUWLHV� RI� 3&) FRQWDLQLQJ�VXFK�G\HV�DUH�QRW�LQYHVWLJDWHG�WR GDWH�� 7KH� DLP� RI� WKLV� ZRUN� ZDV� WR� V\QWKH� VL]H� 3&� DQG� WR� LQYHVWLJDWH� WKH� HOHFWUR�RSWL� FDO� FKDUDFWHULVWLFV� RI� WKH� ILOPV� FRQWDLQLQJ ��K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH� D]R� G\HV� DW� GLIIHUHQW FRQFHQWUDWLRQV�� GHSHQGLQJ� RQ� SUHVHQFH� RI PHWDO�LRQV�LQ�WKH�FKURPRSKRUHV�DW�GLIIHUHQW GLSROH� PRPHQWV� RI� D]REHQ]HQH� LVRPHUV�� $ PRGHO�RI�WKH�HOHFWULFDO�ILHOG�LQIOXHQFH�RQ�WKH ILOP� WUDQVPLVVLRQ� RI� WKH�PRQRFKURPDWLF� SR� ODUL]HG� OLJKW� LV� FRQVLGHUHG�� )RU� WKH� VWXGLHV� V\QWKHVL]HG� ZHUH� WKH� EXW\O� PHWKDFU\ODWH� QRQ\O�PHWKDFU\ODWH��%0$�10$�������DQG���� UDWLRV���EXW\O�PHWKDFU\ODWH��YLQ\O�EXW\O�HWKHU ����� UDWLR�� FRSRO\PHUV� DV� ZHOO� DV� D]R� G\HV� ��K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH� GHULYDWLYHV�� ��SKHQ\OD]R� ��K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH��$���DQG�LWV�FRPSOH[�ZLWK &R� �$��&R��� ����5�PHWKR[\SKHQ\O�D]R���K\� GUR[\TXLQROLQH� �$��� DQG� LWV� FRPSOH[� ZLWK &R� �$��&R��� ����5�QLWURSKHQ\O�D]R���K\� )XQFWLRQDO�0DWHULDOV�����1R��������� �������Û�67&��,QVWLWXWH�IRU�6LQJOH�&U\VWDOV� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ��� GUR[\TXLQROLQH� �$��� DQG� LWV� FRPSOH[� ZLWK &R��$��&R������ 7KH�D]R�G\HV�ZHUH�SUHSDUHG�DFFRUGLQJ�WR WKH� SURFHGXUH� >��@�� 7KH� VWUXFWXUHV� RI� WKH D]R�G\HV�ZHUH�FRQILUPHG�E\�WKH�105�VSHF� WURVFRS\�� 7KH�&R� FRPSOH[HV� RI� WKH� V\QWKH� VL]HG� D]R� G\HV� ZHUH� SUHSDUHG� E\� WKH� H[� FKDQJH� UHDFWLRQ� EHWZHHQ� WKH� FREDOW� QLWUDWH &R�12�����+�2� DQG� FRUUHVSRQGLQJ� FKHODWLQJDJHQW� LQ� DOFRKRO�1D2+� VROXWLRQ� XVHG� WR UHJXODWH�WKH�V\VWHP�S+��7KH�PHWDO�FRPSOH[ IRUPDWLRQ� ZDV� FRQILUPHG� E\� WKH� ,5� VSHF� WURVFRS\��7KH�FRSRO\PHUL]DWLRQ�RI�WKH�EXW\O PHWKDFU\ODWH�� QRQ\O� PHWKDFU\ODWH�� YLQ\O EXW\O�HWKHU�ZDV�FDUULHG�RXW�LQ�'0)�VROXWLRQ ZLWK�D]R�LVREXW\URQLWULOH��$,%1��DV�WKH�IUHH UDGLFDO� LQLWLDWRU� ��� ZW��� ZLWK� UHVSHFW� WR PRQRPHU�� DW� ���&� GXULQJ� ��� KRXUV�� 7KH %0$�10$�������FRSRO\PHU�ZDV�VHOHFWHG�IRU LQYHVWLJDWLRQV�� 6DPSOHV� ZLWK� WKH� IUHH� VXU� IDFH��JODVV�VXEVWUDWH�Û�6Q2��,Q�2��FRQGXFW�LQJ�OD\HU�Û�SRO\PHULF�ILOP��ZHUH�SUHSDUHG� 7KH� FRQFHQWUDWLRQV� RI� D]R� G\HV� DQG� PHWDO FRPSOH[HV� ZHUH� YDULHG� LQ� WKH� �Ü��� ZW�� � ZLWK� UHVSHFW� WR� WKH� FRSRO\PHU�� 7KH� VDPSOH SUHSDUDWLRQ�SURFHGXUH�ZDV�GHVFULEHG� LQ� >�@� 7KH�3&�WKLFNQHVV�ZDV��Ü��PP� 0HDVXUHG� ZHUH� WKH� RSWLFDO� GHQVLW\� �'� VSHFWUD�RYHU�WKH�OLJKW�ZDYHOHQJWK�UDQJH�O� ���Ü���� QP�� WKH� YDOXH� G,(� ��,(Ü,���,��ZKHUH� ,�� DQG� ,p� DUH� WKH� PRQRFKURPDWLFOLJKW� LQWHQVLWLHV� SDVVHG� WKH� 3&)� SULRU� WR DQG� DIWHU� WKH� HOHFWULFDO� ILHOG� VZLWFKLQJ� RQ� UHVSHFWLYHO\�� 7KH� SRODUL]HG� OLJKW� ZDV� XVHG WR� LUUDGLDWH� WKH� VDPSOHV�� 7KH� VDPSOH� ZDV ORFDWHG�EHWZHHQ�WZR�SRODUL]HUV�ZLWK�WKH�SR� ODUL]DWLRQ� SODQHV� URWHWHG� E\� ����� 7KH� YDOXH G,(�ZDV�GHWHUPLQHG�DIWHU�D�ORQJ�WHUP�H[SR�VXUH� ���� PLQ�� RI� WKH� VDPSOH� WR� SRODUL]HG OLJKW�ZLWK�O�!�����QP��WKH�H[SRVXUH�WLPH�LV VHOHFWHG� ODUJHU� WKDQ� WKH� W\SLFDO� VHWWOLQJ WLPH�RI�SKRWRFKHPLFDO�SURFHVVHV� LQ� WKH�V\V� WHP���7KH�HOHFWULF�ILHOG��p� �������9�P��ZDV SURGXFHG�XVLQJ�WKH�FRURQD�GLVFKDUJH�MXVW�DV LQ�>�����@��7KH�G,(�YDOXH�ZDV�GHWHUPLQHG�DVD�IXQFWLRQ�RI�WKH�WLPH��W��DIWHU�WKH�HOHFWULFDO ILHOG�(�VZLWFKLQJ�RQ�DQG�VZLWFKLQJ�RII��DQG WKH� ZDYHOHQJWK� O�� $OO� �PHDVXUHPHQWV�ZHUH FDUULHG�RXW�DW�URRP�WHPSHUDWXUH�� 7KH� DEVRUSWLRQ� VSHFWUD� RI� WKH� VWXGLHG SRO\PHULF� ILOPV� DUH� VKRZQ� LQ� )LJ����� 7KH QRUPDOL]HG� DEVRUSWLRQ� VSHFWUD� DUH� ZHDNO\ VHQVLWLYH� WR� WKH� SUHVHQFH� RI� PHWDO� LRQV� LQ FKURPRSKRUHV� DQG� WR� WKH� FKURPRSKRUH� FRQ� FHWUDWLRQ��7KH�EDWKRFKURPLF�VKLIW�RI�WKH�DE� VRUSWLRQ�EDQG�DW�WKH�WUDQVIHU�IURP�$��WR�$� DQG� $�� LV� FRQQHFWHG� ZLWK� WKH� SUHVHQFH� RI GRQRU�DQG�DFFHSWRU�VXEVWLWXHQWV�LQ�WKH�FKUR� PRSKRUH�ZKLFK�UHGXFH�WKH�H[FLWHG�VWDWH�HQ� HUJ\�RI�RUJDQLF�G\HV�>��@��$IWHU�WKH�VDPSOH LUUDGLDWLRQ� E\� SRODUL]HG� OLJKW� IURP� WKH� D]R FRPSRXQG�DEVRUSWLRQ� UHJLRQ� ����Ü����QP�� WKH� LQWHQVLW\� RI� WKH� SRODUL]HG� OLJKW� SDVVHG WKURXJK� WKH� VDPSOH� LV� GHFUHDVHG� ZKHQ� WKH HOHFWULF�ILHOG�LV�VZLWFKHG�RQ��DQG�LV�UHVWRUHG WR�WKH�RULJLQDO�YDOXH��)LJ�����ZKHQ�WKH�ILHOG LV�VZLWFKHG�RII� �������������%0$�10$�FRSRO\PHU ��$]R�G\HV��;� �+��$����&+���$����12���$�� ������0HWDO�FRPSOH[HV��;� �+��$��&R��� �������������&+���$��&R���12���$��&R� )LJ����� $EVRUSWLRQ� VSHFWUD� RI� %0$�10$ SRO\PHULF�ILOPV�ZLWK���ZW����$�������$��&R ��c���$�������$��&R���c���$�������$��&R���c�� 1�$�'DYLGHQNR�HW�DO����(OHFWUR�RSWLFDO�SURSHUWLHV�RI���� ��� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� 7KH� OLJKW� LQWHQVLW\�FKDQJH�NLQHWLFV� IURP ,�� WR� ,(� DQG� DIWHU� WKH� HOHFWULF� ILHOG� LVVZLWFKHG�RII�FDQ�EH�GHVFULEHG�E\�VLPSOH�FRU� UHODWLRQV�� ,�W�� �,���� ��,(Ü,����ÜH[S�ÜW�W(��DQG�,�W�� �,�����,(Ü,���H[S�ÜW�W(����7KH�WLPHFRQVWDQW� W(� LQ� WKHVH� FRUUHODWLRQV� LV ���r���V��7KH�HOHFWULF�ILHOG�LQIOXHQFH�RQ�WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ� RI� WKH� OLQHDUO\� SRODUL]HG� OLJKW LQFUHDVHV� LQ� WKH� VHTXHQFH� $��� $��&R�� $�� $��&R�� $��� $��&R�� ,Q� )LJ����� GHSHQGHQFHV ,(�,��O�� DUH� VKRZQ�� 7KH� HOHFWULFDO� ILHOG� LQ�IOXHQFH� RQ� WKH� WUDQVPLVVLRQ� RI� WKH� OLQHDUO\ SRODUL]HG� OLJKW� LQFUHDVHV� LQ� WKH� ORQJ�ZDYH DEVRUSWLRQ� UDQJH� RI� WKH� LQYHVWLJDWHG� 3&) DIWHU�D�SURORQJHG�LUUDGLDWLRQ�ZLWK�SRODUL]HG OLJKW� IURP� WKH� D]R� G\HV� DEVRUSWLRQ� UDQJH� 7KH� PD[LPXP� _G,(_� YDOXHV� KDYH� EHHQ� RE�WDLQHG� IRU� D]R� G\HV� FRQFHQWUDWLRQ� �� ZW��� ZLWK� UHVSHFW� RI� WKH� %0$�10$� FRSRO\PHU DQG� WKRVH� DUH� WKUHH� WR� IRXU� WLPHV� KLJKHU WKDQ�IRU�3&)�ZLWK���ZW����RI�D]R�G\HV��7KH FRQFHQWUDWLRQ�LQFUHDVH�WR������UHVXOWV�LQ�WKH ILOP�VXUIDFH�GHWHULRUDWLRQ��WKH�SKDVH�IROLDWLRQ DQG�WKH�LQFUHDVHG�OLJKW�VFDWWHULQJ�WKHUHLQ� ,Q�WKH�VWXGLHG�3&)�VDPSOHV��WKH�SKRWRLQ� GXFHG�RSWLFDO� DQLVRWURS\�DULVHV�GXH� WR� LUUD� GLDWLRQ�ZLWK�D�OLQHDUO\�SRODUL]HG�OLJKW�FDXV� LQJ� WKH� WUDQV�FLV� LVRPHUL]DWLRQ� RI� WKH� D]R G\H�PROHFXOHV��$Q�H[WHUQDO�HOHFWULF�ILHOG�H[� HUWV�DQ�RULHQWLQJ�HIIHFW�RQ�WKH�SKRWRLQGXFHG GLSROH�PRPHQWV�RI�WKH�D]R�FRPSRXQGV��7KLV HIIHFW�PDQLIHVWV� LWVHOI�DV�WKH�HOHFWUR�RSWLFDO HIIHFW� RYHU� WKH� OLJKW�ZDYHOHQJWK� UDQJH� FRU� UHVSRQGLQJ� WR� WKH� ORQJ�ZDYH� SDUW� RI� WKHVH D]R� G\H� DEVRUSWLRQ� VSHFWUD�� 7KH� WLPH� FRQ� VWDQW�YDOXH�W(�H[FHHGV�VLJQLILFDQWO\�WKH�JHR�PHWULFDO� FDSDFLWDQFH� FKDUJLQJ� GXUDWLRQ� RI WKH� FRUUHVSRQGLQJ� VDPSOHV�� 7KLV� IDFW� LQGL� FDWHV� WKDW� WKH�GLSROH�PRPHQWV� RI� D]R�PROH� FXOH�LVRPHUV�LQ�WKHVH�ILOPV�URWDWH�VORZO\�GXH WR� KLJK� YLVFRVLW\� RI� WKH� SRO\PHULF� PDWUL[ DQG� VWHULF� KLQGUDQFHV� FDXVHG� E\� WKH� SUHV� HQFH�RI�VLGH�JURXSV�LQ�WKHLU�VWUXFWXUHV� 7KH�PD[LPXP�LQIOXHQFH�RI�H[WHUQDO�HOHF� WULF�ILHOG�LV�REVHUYHG�ZLWKLQ�WKH�YLVLEOH�VSHF� WUDO� UDQJH� FORVH� WR� ORQJ�ZDYH� DEVRUSWLRQ SDUW�RI�WKH�D]R�FKURPRSKRUH�JURXSV��,Q�WKH H[WHUQDO�HOHFWULF�ILHOG��WKH�SKRWRLQGXFHG�GL� SROH�PRPHQWV�FKDQJH�WKHLU�RULHQWDWLRQ�ZLWK UHVSHFW�WR�WKH�HOHFWULF�YHFWRU�RI�WKH�LQFLGHQW OLJKW� ZDYH�� 6XFK� UHRULHQWDWLRQ� SURYRNHV� D FKDQJH� RI� RSWLFDO� DQLVRWURS\� RI� WKH� VWXGLHG ILOPV�� 7KH� H[WHUQDO� HOHFWULF� ILHOG� SURGXFHV DOLJQPHQW�RI�WKH�SKRWRLQGXFHG�GLSROHV�DORQJ WKH� IRUFH� OLQHV� RI� WKH� ILHOG�� WKH� LQWHUDFWLRQ EHWZHHQ� SRODUL]HG� OLJKW� DQG� WKHVH� GLSROHV ZHDNHQV� DQG� G,(������ 7KH� _G,(_� YDOXH� LQ�FUHDVHV�LQ�WKH�VHTXHQFH�RI�3&�ILOPV�ZLWK�$�� $���$���GXH�WR�LQFUHDVLQJ�GLSROH�PRPHQWV�RI D]R�G\H�PROHFXOH�LVRPHUV��7KH�VDPH�HIIHFW�LV REVHUYHG�IRU�WKH�FREDOW�LRQ�FRQWDLQLQJ�RQHV�LQ 3&�ILOPV�ZLWKLQ�WKH�$��&R��$��&R�VHTXHQFH� 7KH�YDOLGLW\�RI�WKH�DERYH�VXSSRVLWLRQV�DERXW WKH� SKRWRLQGXFHG� RSWLFDO� DQLVRWURS\�PHFKD� QLVP� LQ� WKH� VWXGLHG� 3&� ILOPV� LV� FRQILUPHG E\� WKH�PRGHO� FDOFXODWLRQV�XVLQJ� WKH�0RQWH� &DUOR�PHWKRG�IRU�WKH�HTXLOLEULXP�FRQILJXUD� WLRQ� RI� WKH� D]R� FKURPRSKRUH� JURXS� LVRPHU DQG� WKH� VDPH� LVRPHU� ZLWK� FRQQHFWHG� LRQ &R��� LQ� WKH� H[WHUQDO� HOHFWULF� ILHOG�(� XQGHU DFFRXQW�IRU�WKH�SRVLWLRQ�RI�WKH�&R���LRQ�DQG WKH�D]REHQ]HQH�JURXS�LVRPHU�GLSROH�S�LQ�WKH VHOHFWHG� FRRUGLQDWH� V\VWHP�� 7KH� LQFUHDVLQJ RI�D]R�FKURPRSKRUH�GLSROH�PRPHQW�KDV�EHHQ IRXQG�WR�EH�DEOH�WR�OHYHO�WKH�LQIOXHQFH�RI�WKH HOHFWULFDO� ILHOG� LQWHUDFWLRQ� ZLWK� &R��� LRQ� WKDW� IDFW� ZDV� REVHUYHG� H[SHULPHQWDOO\� LQ )LJ����� 'HSHQGHQFHV� RI� G,(� RQ� O� IRU� WKH %0$�10$�SRO\PHULF�ILOPV�ZLWK���ZW����$� ����� $��&R� ��c��� $�� ����� $��&R� ��c��� $�� ���� $��&R� ��c��DIWHU� LUUDGLDWLRQ�ZLWK� OLQHDUO\�SR� ODUL]HG�OLJKW��O�������QP��GXULQJ����PLQ� )LJ����� 'HSHQGHQFHV� RI� G,(� RQ� WLPH� W� DIWHUDSSOLFDWLRQ� RI� H[WHUQDO� HOHFWULF� ILHOG� DQG� LWV VZLWFKLQJ� RII� DIWHU� �� PLQ� PHDVXUHG� DW� O� ���� QP� IRU� WKH� %0$�10$� SRO\PHULF� ILOPV ZLWK� �� ZW�� �� $�� ����� $��&R� ��c��� $�� ���� $��&R� ��c��� $�� ����� $��&R� ��c��� 7KH� VDPSOHV ZHUH� SUHOLPLQDULO\� LUUDGLDWHG� ZLWK� OLQHDUO\ SRODUL]HG�OLJKW�GXULQJ����PLQ� 1�$�'DYLGHQNR�HW�DO����(OHFWUR�RSWLFDO�SURSHUWLHV�RI���� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ��� WKH� FRUUHVSRQGLQJ� VHULHV� RI� 3&� ILOPV� ZLWK $��&R��$��&R� 7KXV�� WKH� H[WHUQDO� HOHFWURVWDWLF� ILHOG� HI� IHFW�RQ�OLJKW�WUDQVPLVVLRQ�LQ�WKH�%0$�10$ ILOPV�GRSHG�ZLWK���K\GUR[\TXLQROLQH�GHULYD� WLYH�D]R�G\HV�DIWHU�D�ORQJ�WHUP�SUHYLRXV�LU� UDGLDWLRQ�ZLWK�OLQHDUO\�SRODUL]HG�OLJKW�IURP WKH� ZDYHOHQJWK� UDQJH� FRUUHVSRQGLQJ� WR� D]R FKURPRSKRUH�DEVRUSWLRQ�UHJLRQ�LV�FDXVHG�E\ D� UHRULHQWDWLRQ� RI� WKH� SKRWRLQGXFHG� D]R PROHFXOH� LVRPHUV� LQ� WKH� H[WHUQDO� HOHFWULF ILHOG��7KH�LQFUHDVLQJ�GLSROH�PRPHQWV�RI�WKH D]R� G\HV� E\� DGGLQJ� HOHFWURQ� GRQRU� RU� DF� FHSWRU�VXEVWLWXHQWV�WR�WKH�D]R�FKURPRSKRUHV LQFUHDVH�WKLV�HIIHFW��7KH�LQFUHDVH�RI�WKH�D]R G\H� FRQFHQWUDWLRQ� LQ� WKH� SRO\PHULF� PDWUL[ IURP�����WR�����OHDGV� �WR�WKH� LQWHQVLILFD� WLRQ� RI� WKH� HOHFWUR�RSWLFDO� HIIHFW�� EXW� WKH IXUWKHU� LQFUHDVLQJ� G\H� FRQFHQWUDWLRQ� FDXVH WKH�GHWHULRUDWLRQ�RI�WKH�3&�ILOP�RSWLFDO�KR� PRJHQHLW\� 5HIHUHQFHV � ���6�.�<HVRGKD��&�.�6DGDVKLYD��3�3LOODL��1�7VXW� VXPL��3URJ��3RO\PHU�6FL����������������� � ���-�&�5LELHUUH��*�&KHYDO��)�+XEHU�HW�DO���-��$SSO� 3K\V������������������� � ���.�-DQXV��.�0DWF]\V]\Q��-�6ZRUDNRZVNL�HW�DO�� 0RO��&U\VW��/LT��&U\VW������������������� � ���2�<DURVKFKXN�� $�7HUHVKFKHQNR�� <X�=DN� UHYVN\�� ,�6KDQVNL��0RO��&U\VW��/LT��&U\VW������� ����������� � ���.�,FKLPXUD��&KHP��5HY�������������������� � ���1�/L�� -�/X�� 4�;X� HW� DO��� +LJK� 3HUIRUPDQFH 3RO\PHU����������������� � ���1�$�'DYLGHQNR��,�$�6DYFKHQNR��,�,�'DYLGHQNR HW�DO���7HFKQ��3K\V������������������ � ���'�9�8UDHY��9�,�6KPDOKDXVHQ��$�1�6LPRQRY�HW DO���3URF��63,(������������������� � ���,�6DYFKHQNR��1�'DYLGHQNR��,�'DYLGHQNR�HW�DO�� 0RO��&U\VW��/LT��&U\VW������������������������� ����1�$�'DYLGHQNR��,�,�'DYLGHQNR��,�$�6DYFKHQNR HW�DO���-��$SSO��3K\V���������������������� ����:�0�/DQGLQJ��&�+DUDOGVVRQ��1�3D[HXV��$QDO� &KHP������������������� ����1�'X�� 4�0HL�� 0�/X�� 6\QWKHWLF� 0HWDO�� ���� ����������� ����$�6�$�=LGDQ�� $�,�(O�6DLG�� 0�6�(O�0HOLJ\� HW DO���-��7KHUP��$QDO��DQG�&DORULPHWU\��������� ������� ����/�3DQ�� 4�<DQJ�� 0�-LQ� HW� DO���-��3K\V��'�$SSO� 3K\V������������������� ����2�1�2OLYHLUD�� 6�'�6DQWRV�� '�7�%DORJK� HW� DO�� $GY��LQ� &ROO��DQG� ,QWHUIDFH� 6FL��� ����� ��� ������� ����;�<�=KDR�� 0�=�:DQJ��;SUHVV� 3RO\PHU� /HWW�� �������������� ����+�=�&DR��:�=KDQJ��-�=KX�HW�DO���;SUHVV�3RO\� PHU�/HWW����������������� ����/�0�.XO�EHUJ�� 6\QWKHVLV� RI�2UJDQLF�5HDJHQWV IRU�,QRUJDQLF�$QDO\VLV��*RVNKLPL]GDW��0RVFRZ �������>LQ�5XVVLDQ@�� ����1�$�'DYLGHQNR��,�,�'DYLGHQNR��,�$�6DYFKHQNR HW� DO��� +LJK� (QHUJ\� &KHPLVWU\�� ���� ��� ������� ����1�$�'HUHY\DQNR��$�$�,VFKHQNR��1�*�.XYVKLQ� VN\�� 3KRWRQLFV� RI� 0ROHFXODU� 6HPLFRQGXFWRU &RPSRVLWHV�%DVHG� RQ� 2UJDQLF�'\HV��1DXNRYD 'XPND��.LHY��������>LQ�5XVVLDQ@� pãË}�¯ºº¹�Ò�ÓL�mãȰ�Òmº°�L�¹ºãLä˯ÓÒ²�°Ò°�Ëä��L°� �²ÈÏ«�Ó��Ï��º­Èm}ÈäÒ�ÈϺ­È¯mÓÒ}Lm�ÓÈ�º°ÓºmL��º}°Ò²LÓºãLÓ���È��²�}ºä¹ãË}°Lm�Ï�}º­Èã �ºä l�|�iÈmÒ�ËÓ}º��,�,�iÈmÒ�ËÓ}º��,�|�vÈm�ËÓ}º�k���vÒÓ �ÒÓÈ��v���v���ÏÒÓ° }Ò®��k�l��º¹ËÓÈ}È���v��ºÓ}º¹L¼mÈ��|���zºãËÓ�º��k�l�kÓ}LÓ |�˯ÎÈÓº�¹ºãLä˯ÓL�}ºä¹ºÏÒ�Ò�ÓÈ�º°ÓºmL�°¹Lm¹ºãLä˯��­��ÒãäË�È}¯ÒãÈ��ÓºÓLãäË�È� }¯ÒãÈ�� ������ Ï��ºäL�}ÈäÒ�ÈϺ­È¯mÓÒ}Lm�ÓÈ� º°ÓºmL� ��º}°Ò²LÓºãLÓ�� Ï��ºÓº¯ÓÒä� L� È}�˹� �º¯ÓÒä�ÏÈäL°ÓÒ}ÈäÒ��È��²�}ºä¹ãË}°Lm�Ï�}º­Èã �ºä��{Ò«mãËÓº�m¹ãÒm�ϺmÓL�Ó º�º�ËãË}�� ¯Ò�Óº�º�¹ºã«�ÓÈ�¹¯º¹�°}ÈÓÓ«�¹ºãLä˯ÓÒäÒ�¹ãLm}ÈäÒ�ãLÓL®Óº�¹ºã«¯ÒϺmÈÓº�º�°mL�ãÈ�ÓÈ �ºm�º²mÒã ºmL®� äËÎL� ¹º�ãÒÓÈÓÓ«� ÈϺ­È¯mÓÒ}Lm� �«}È� mL�¹ºmL�ȼ� SS � °ä�ÏL� ¹º�ãÒÓÈÓÓ« ÈϺÁ¯È�äËÓ�Lm�� �È� �²� äË�Èãº}ºä¹ãË}°Lm�� {¹ãÒm� ËãË}�¯Ò�Óº�º� ¹ºã«� ÓÈ� ¹¯º¹�°}ÈÓÓ« °mL�ãÈ� ¹º«°Ó ¼� °«� mÒÓÒ}ÓËÓÓ«ä� °Òã�� «}L� �L � � ÓÈ� �Ò¹ºã ÓL� äºäËÓ�Ò� ÈϺ­ËÓϺã ÓÒ² �¯�¹�L�ÓÈ�LºÓÒ�äË�Èã�� 1�$�'DYLGHQNR�HW�DO����(OHFWUR�RSWLFDO�SURSHUWLHV�RI���� ��� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV�������������