Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid
A simple and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric determination of nitrite was described and optimum reaction conditions along with other important analytical parameters were established. In the presence of potassium bromide at 25°C, nitrite reacted with J-acid in hydrochloric acid producing...
Збережено в:
| Дата: | 2015 |
|---|---|
| Автори: | , , , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Russian |
| Опубліковано: |
Інститут колоїдної хімії та хімії води ім. А.В. Думанського НАН України
2015
|
| Назва видання: | Химия и технология воды |
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/160709 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid / Wei Wu, Wenhuan Wenjian Shi, Yuanxing Huang, Haixin Gu, Jingzhi Wang, Wenxuan Feng // Химия и технология воды. — 2015. — Т. 37, № 6. — С. 545-554. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| id |
irk-123456789-160709 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
irk-123456789-1607092019-11-17T01:26:16Z Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid Wei Wu Wenhuan Wenjian Shi Yuanxing Huang Haixin Gu Jingzhi Wang Wenxuan Feng Аналитическая химия воды A simple and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric determination of nitrite was described and optimum reaction conditions along with other important analytical parameters were established. In the presence of potassium bromide at 25°C, nitrite reacted with J-acid in hydrochloric acid producing diazonium salt and then coupled with excess J-acid in the sodium carbonate solution yielding red colored azo compounds. At wavelength of 500 nm, Beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration range of 0,02 – 0,60 mg∙L⁻¹. The molar absorptivity was 3,92∙10⁴ L∙mol⁻¹∙cm⁻¹. This method was easily applied to the determination of trace nitrite in environmental water with recoveries of 9₈,7 – 101,2%. 2015 Article Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid / Wei Wu, Wenhuan Wenjian Shi, Yuanxing Huang, Haixin Gu, Jingzhi Wang, Wenxuan Feng // Химия и технология воды. — 2015. — Т. 37, № 6. — С. 545-554. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. 0204-3556 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/160709 ru Химия и технология воды Інститут колоїдної хімії та хімії води ім. А.В. Думанського НАН України |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| language |
Russian |
| topic |
Аналитическая химия воды Аналитическая химия воды |
| spellingShingle |
Аналитическая химия воды Аналитическая химия воды Wei Wu Wenhuan Wenjian Shi Yuanxing Huang Haixin Gu Jingzhi Wang Wenxuan Feng Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid Химия и технология воды |
| description |
A simple and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric determination of nitrite was described and optimum reaction conditions along with other important analytical parameters were established. In the presence of potassium bromide at 25°C, nitrite reacted with J-acid in hydrochloric acid producing diazonium salt and then coupled with excess J-acid in the sodium carbonate solution yielding red colored azo compounds. At wavelength of 500 nm, Beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration range of 0,02 – 0,60 mg∙L⁻¹. The molar absorptivity was 3,92∙10⁴ L∙mol⁻¹∙cm⁻¹. This method was easily applied to the determination of trace nitrite in environmental water with recoveries of 9₈,7 – 101,2%. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Wei Wu Wenhuan Wenjian Shi Yuanxing Huang Haixin Gu Jingzhi Wang Wenxuan Feng |
| author_facet |
Wei Wu Wenhuan Wenjian Shi Yuanxing Huang Haixin Gu Jingzhi Wang Wenxuan Feng |
| author_sort |
Wei Wu |
| title |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid |
| title_short |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid |
| title_full |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid |
| title_fullStr |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid |
| title_sort |
spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: j-acid |
| publisher |
Інститут колоїдної хімії та хімії води ім. А.В. Думанського НАН України |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| topic_facet |
Аналитическая химия воды |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/160709 |
| citation_txt |
Spectrophotometric determinationof trace nitrite with a novel self-coupling diazotizing reagent: J-acid / Wei Wu, Wenhuan Wenjian Shi, Yuanxing Huang, Haixin Gu, Jingzhi Wang, Wenxuan Feng // Химия и технология воды. — 2015. — Т. 37, № 6. — С. 545-554. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Химия и технология воды |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT weiwu spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid AT wenhuanwenjianshi spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid AT yuanxinghuang spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid AT haixingu spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid AT jingzhiwang spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid AT wenxuanfeng spectrophotometricdeterminationoftracenitritewithanovelselfcouplingdiazotizingreagentjacid |
| first_indexed |
2025-07-14T13:21:32Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-14T13:21:32Z |
| _version_ |
1837628698307592192 |
| fulltext |
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6 545
© W. Wu, W. Shi, Y. Huang, H. Gu, J. Wang, W. Feng, 2015
Wei Wu, Wenhuan Wenjian Shi, Yuanxing Huang, Haixin Gu,
Jingzhi Wang, Wenxuan Feng
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRACE
NITRITE WITH A NOVEL SELF-COUPLING DIAZOTIZING
REAGENT: J-ACID
College of Environment and Architecture,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
wjshi@usst.edu.cn
A simple and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric determination of nitrite
was described and optimum reaction conditions along with other important
analytical parameters were established. In the presence of potassium bromide at
25°C, nitrite reacted with J-acid in hydrochloric acid producing diazonium salt
and then coupled with excess J-acid in the sodium carbonate solution yielding
red colored azo compounds. At wavelength of 500 nm, Beer’s law was obeyed
over the concentration range of 0,02 – 0,60 mg .L-1. The molar absorptivity was
3,92 .10 4 L. mol -1 . cm-1. This method was easily applied to the determination of trace
nitrite in environmental water with recoveries of 98,7 – 101,2%.
Keywords: nitrite, J-acid, self-coupling, spectrophotometric.
Introduction
Nitrite is a kind of harmful substances present extensively around us. When
it in human body greatly, it will react with iron (III) in the hemoglobin of the
red blood cells, forming methemoglobin which is unable to carry oxygen thus
causing hypoxia and acute poisoning. Moreover, nitrite has direct impact on the
health because of its reaction with secondary and tertiary amines and amides in
human body, which produce toxic and carcinogenic nitrosamines compounds
[1 – 4]. Therefore, the concentration of nitrite in foods and environmental water
is limited strictly by the U.S. Public Health Association [5]. Researchers make
great amounts of efforts to establish accurate and simple analytical methods.
Under acidic condition, the diazotization with nitrite and primary aromatic
amine is always simple and very general. The reaction has the advantages of
free from interference, high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. Consequently,
scientists all over the world study spectrophotometric determination of nitrite
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6546
by diazo-coupling reaction. Szczepaniak [6] modified Griess method (-Griess
method is the diazo-coupling reaction with sulfanilamide and N-(1-napthyl)
ethylenediamine hydrochloride (NEDA)). He used sulfanilamide for diazo
reagent, 1-naphthol-4-sulphonic acid or 8-amino-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid
for coupling reagent. The sensitivity and accuracy of this method was pretty
high. Reddy [7] used DSD acid (4,4'-diaminodiphenylethylene-2,2'-disulfonic
acid) for diazo reagent and 2-naphthol for coupling reagent. The molar
absorptivity was 3,0 .104 L. mol-1 . cm-1.
Nagarja [8 – 9] had found dapsone-phloroglucinol for coupling reagent,
the molar absorptivity was 4,28 . 104 L. mol-1 . cm-1. Later he found 4-amino-
5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonic acid monosodium salt for coupling,
the molar absorptivity was 2,60 . 104 L. mol-1 . cm-1. The linear range was within
0,1 – 1,6 μg . mL-1. Sreekumar [10] used p-nitroaniline for diazo reagent
and sulfonamide or ethyl acetoacetate for coupling reagent. The maximum
absorption wavelength for azo compound was at 439 and 465 nm. The molar
absorptivity was 1,59 .104 and 1,22 .104 L. mol-1 . cm-1. Linearity was within 0,05 –
6,0 and 0,2 –3,9 μg . mL-1. Zhong-Xiaoyong [11] used sulfanilamide for diazo
reagent and aminonaphthol sulfonic acid for coupling reagent to determine the
nitrite in foods. The Beer’s law was found to obey for nitrite in the concentration
range of 0,02 –1,4 μg . mL-1. The molar absorptivity was 3,90 .104 L. mol-1 . cm-1.
Yu Yun [12] found sulfanilamide and N-phenyl J-acid. She replaced NEDA
with N-phenyl J-acid. The molar absorptivity was 4,63 . 104 L. mol-1 . cm-1. The
linear range is within 0,003 – 0,7 μg . mL-1, the recoveries were in the range of
98,7 – 101,2%, Relative Standard Deviation (R.S.D.) was 2,10%.
From the above literatures, it can be found that Griess reaction still is the most
used methodology for the determination. The sensitivity is greater with NEDA.
However, NEDA is strong carcinogens and it will cause secondary pollution. In
this paper, a very simple and less toxic method for nitrite determination based
on self-coupling reaction with J-acid (2-amino-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid)
has been developed. The proposed method is sensitive, requires no control of
temperature and do not suffer from most of the potential interferents.
Experimental
Reagents and equipment. All chemicals were analytical grade without further
purification. Double-distilled water was used throughout the experiments for
dilution of the reagents and samples.
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6 547
Stock sodium nitrite solution – 0,25 mol . L-1; working sodium nitrite
solution 2,5 .10-4 mol. L-1; hydrochloric acid solution – 1,5 mol. L-1; sodium
carbonate solution – 1,0 mol. L-1; 1% (mass fraction) potassium bromide
aqueous solution; J-acid (2-amino-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid) – 1,0 .10-2 mol . L-1;
H-acid(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonic acid) – 1,0 .10-2 mol . L-1.
UV757CRT spectrophotometer, Shanghai Precision and Scientific
Instrument Corporation. PHS – 2C precision acidity meter, Shanghai ray
magnetic instrument factory.
General procedures. 1,0 ml of sodium nitrite standard solution, 9,0 ml of
distilled water, 1,0 ml of potassium bromide solution, 1,0 ml of J-acid solution
and 1,0 ml of hydrochloric acid solution were added into a 25 ml volumetric
flask in order, the mixture was shaken thoroughly and allowed to stand for
2 min at room temperature (25 oC). And then, the mixture was transferring
into 3 ml of sodium carbonate solution added in another 25 ml volumetric
flask. The volume was shaken thoroughly and stood for 5 min, which was then
filled to the mark with distilled water. Absorbance was measured in 1,00 cm
quartz cells at 500 nm against reagent blank, which was prepared in the same
manner without nitrite.
Results and discussion
Molecule structure design of the self-coupling diazotizing reagent. The treatment
of primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid produces a diazonium salt in a
reaction is diazotization. Diazonium salts undergo coupling reactions to form
azo compounds. The great importance of the self-coupling diazotizing reagents
in molecule structure design lies in the coupling reactions that occur with an
activated aromatic ring, such as that in phenols or aromatic amines. Moreover,
a sulfo group is always introduced to increase water solubility, Last but not
the least, the azo compounds tend to be brightly colored due to the increased
extended conjugated systems. Consequently, the most simple molecular should
be aminonaphthol sulfonic acid. Considering the amino activation and group
space steric hindrance of sulfonic, it was appropriate that use 1,8 (or 1,6 or
1,7)-amino naphthalene sulfonic acid for the self-coupling diazotizing reagent
in weak acid solution. On the contrary, coupling with phenols the phenoxide
ion is the reactive species, and slightly basic solution is used. Reaction gives
azo compounds with an arylazo group at the position para or ortho to hydroxy.
To prevent yielding more isomers, hydroxy and amino should be designed in
naphthalene on both sides. And the sulfonic group introduced avoided at the
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6548
position of ortho and para. Considering all of it, we regarded J-acid, H-acid,
1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid, 1,8-amino naphthalene sulfonic acid,
2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid and sulfanilic acid as the diazo self-coupling
reagents and made experimental research.The molecular structure of the azo
compound, J-acid was as example (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Azo compound molecular structure of J-acid.
Comparison of the self-coupling diazotizing reagents. Self-coupling diazotizing
reagent was compared in both acidic and alkaline aqueous solution respectively.
Table 1 showed that the highest molar absorptivity was of J-acid azo compound
in alkaline medium, H-acid azo compound took the second place, the color
rendering of 1,8-amino naphthalene sulfonic acid azo compound was weak.
Sulfanilic acid was not colored, the solution of 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic
acid azo compound showed brown color, which suggested that the spectrums
of the by-products were different from each other.
Table 1. Comparison of diazo self-coupling reagents
Diazo coupling
reagents
λ
max
, nm pH
Molar absorptivity,
L. mol-1 . cm-1
1, 8-Amino naphthalene
sulfonic acid
500
3,4
9,8
4,21 . 103
3,08 .102
2 - Naphthylamine -
1 - sulfonic acid
450
3,4
9,8
2,14 .102
0
Sulfanilic acid –
3,4
9,8
0
0
J-acid 500
3,4
9,8
1,52 . 104
3,82 .104
H-acid 520
3,4
9,8
1,65 .103
1,72 . 104
1-2-4-Acid –
3,4
9,8
–
–
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6 549
The larger the molar absorptivity was, the more sensitive the reaction was.
The wavelength of maximum absorption of the color formed was obtained
at 500 nm for J-acid and 1,8-amino naphthalene sulfonic acid and 520 nm
for H-acid with negligible absorbance for the corresponding reagents blank
(Fig. 2).
400 500 600 700
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
A
bs
or
ba
nc
e
Wavelength/nm
1
2
3
Fig. 2. The absorption sepcrum of azo compounds: J-acid (1); H-acid (2); 1,8 –
amino naphthalene sulfonic acid (3).
Effect of acidity on the diazo reaction. According to the method of
experiment, we tested the effect of acidity on the J-acid (H-acid) diazo
reaction. The results showed, when the pH of solution was between 1,0 –2,0,
namely the concentration of hydrochloric acid was in 0,30 – 0,60 mol . L-1.
The absorbance was maximum and stable (Fig. 3) the concentration of nitrite
was 1,0 . 10-5 mol . L-1.
0 1 2 3
0,00
0,11
0,22
0,33
pH
2
1
A
bs
or
ba
n
ce
J acid H acid
Fig. 3. Effect of acidity on the diazo reaction: J-acid (1), H-acid (2).
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6550
Hence, 1 ml of 1,5 mol . L-1 hydrochloric acid was chosen in the experiment.
The acidity was rather strong so that the reaction rate was faster and the color
intensity and stability was improved.
Effect of time on the diazo reaction. Because the sulfonic group was the
electrophilic group so that weakening the alkalinity of aromatic amine, the time
of diazotization was often very short. According to the method of experiment,
we test the the effect of time on the J-acid (H-acid) diazotization. The results
showed, the most stable and highest absorbance was within 1 – 5 min, thus,
2 min was selected for the reaction in the experiment.
Effect of temperature on the diazo reaction. With the rise of temperature,
diazotization speeded up. However, in theory, the diazonium salt was
usually relatively stable at low temperature and it was easy to decompose at
high temperature. This study tested the effect of temperature on the diazo
reaction between 0 – 25°C. It was developed that in the range of 5 – 20°C, the
absorbance of J-acid (H-acid) was stable, so diazotization was carried out at
room temperature.
Effect of potassium bromide concentration. In order to speed up the di-
azotization, we used potassium bromide as the catalyst. As the method of
experiment, adding 1 ml potassium bromide solution of different mass fraction
in a series of fixed nitrite concentration in the flask to observe and study the
effect of different dosage of potassium bromide on the rate of the reaction.
The results showed when the concentration of potassium bromide was 0,8 mg .
mL-1, diazotization completed quickly in 2 min. Hence, 1 ml of 1% potassium
bromide was added in the determination.
Effect of pH on the coupling. According to the method of experiment, pH
on the coupling reaction was chosen. From Fig. 4 (the concentration of nitrite
is 1,0 . 10-5 mol .L-1), it was found that the absorbance increased with the rise of
the pH. When the pH rose at the range of 8,2 – 10,2, the absorbance of J-acid
(H-acid) was maximum and stable.
Coupling in alkaline medium helped to form lively anion of hydroxyl in the
naphthalene of J-acid. However, when the alkalinity was too strong, the diazoate
would convert to inert trans-diazoate so that did not couple. Therefore, 3 ml of
1 mol.L-1 sodium carbonate solution was chosen in the determindation.
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6 551
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40 1
2
pH
J acid H acid
A
bs
or
ba
n
ce
Fig. 4. Effect of pH on the coupling: J-acid (1), H-acid (2).
Effect of time on the coupling. From the method of experiment, we researched
the effect of time on the coupling reaction. It was found that when the coupling
time was between 5 – 30 min, the absorbance was at maximum and stable, as
the result, 5 min was selected in the determindation.
Effect of self-coupling diazotizing reagent concentration. Only when the
concentration of J-acid (H-acid) was far greater than the sodium nitrite
content, it could ensure that sodium nitrite would completely react in
diazo-coupling reaction. As the method of experiment, the effect of varying
concentrations of J-acid on the color intensity and stability had been
studied by adding different dosage of J-acid (H-acid) to a series of fixed
nitrite concentration in the flask (1,0 ml of 2,49 . 10-4 mol . L-1 sodium nitrite
working solution.). It was found that, the maximum intensity and stability
of the color formed was obtained with the concentration of J acid (H-acid)
within 5,00.10-5 – 4,00 .10-4 mol . L-1. Thus, 1 ml of 1,00 .10-2 mol . L-1 J-acid
(H-acid) was used in the experiment.
Interference studies.The selectivity of the proposed method was studied
by the effect of possible interferents on the determination of nitrite. At
the concentration of 0,688 mg .L-1 sodium nitrite, (unit: mg . L-1) K+(200),
Na+(200), Ca2+(550), Mg2+(550), Al3+(0,2), Fe3+(0,3), Pb2+(0,1), Cu+(1,0),
Cd2+(0,01), Ag+(0,05), Cr3+(0,1), Hg2+(0,001), Ni2+(0,02), Zn2+(2,0), NO
3
-
(10), SO
4
2-(250), H
2
PO
4
-(0,4), F-(1,5), Cl-(250), CN-(0,2) was added.
These data were the upper limit of environment quality standard of the
basic material limit value in surface water [13]. The results showed that
the concentration of added ion causing less than ± 5% relative error for the
nitrite determination.
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6552
Calibration. According to the general procedures, a calibration graph was
plotted for nitrite. A straight line passing through the origin had been obtained.
The results were shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Calibration graph
Method
Regression
equationa
Correlation
coefficient
Liner range,
mol .L -1
Molar
absorptivity,
L.mol-1.cm-1
J-acid A = 0,852 c + 3,0 .10-3 0,998 0,02 – 0,60 3,93.104
H-acid A = 0,375 c – 8,5 . 10-3 0,998 0,03 –1,5 1,73.104
Determination of nitrite in water samples.In order to assess the suitability of
the general method, it was applied for the determination of nitrite in real water.
The samples were collected from the tributaries of Huangpu River and campus
pond respectively and without adding any preservative in polyethylene bottles
and analyzed within 4h. In the samples, nitrite analysis was performed as follow.
Firstly, the sample was stand for 30 min, and 25 ml of supernatant was taken
for use later. Then, 1,0 ml supernatant of samples was transferred into a 25
ml volumetric flask. After that 1,0 ml of potassium bromide aqueous solution,
1,0 ml of J-acid (or H-acid) solution and 1,0 ml of hydrochloric acid solution
were added into the 25 ml volumetric flask in order, the mixture was shaken
thoroughly and allowed to stand for 2 min at room temperature (25°C). And
then, the mixture was transferring into the 3 ml of sodium carbonate solution
added in another 25 ml volumetric flask. The volume was shaken thoroughly
and kept aside for 5 min, which was then made up to the mark with distilled
water. Absorbance was measured in 1,00 cm quartz cells at 500 nm for J-acid
and at 520 nm for H-acid against reagent blank, which was prepared in the
same manner without nitrite.
Finally, the results were statistically evaluated in terms of Student’s test
and variance ratio F-test and the values calculated to compare with national
standard method [14] (GB/T 75750.5-2006). The experimental results were
listed in Table 3.
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6 553
Table 3. The results of sample analysis
Method Sample
Nitrite
found,
mg.L-1
R.S.D,
%
Nitrite
added,
mg.L-1
Total nitrite
founda,
mg.L-1
Recovery,
%
J-acid
Huangpu
River b 0,955 1,80
0,344
0,688
1,303
1,634
101,2
98,7
Pond c 0,588 1,59
0,344
0,688
1,933
1,267
100,3
99,1
H-acid
Huangpu
Riverb 0,950 2,20
0,344
0,688
1,286
1,633
97,7
99,3
Pond c 0,562 2,04
0,344 1,900 98,3
0,688 1,269 102,8
GB/T
Huangpu
Riverb 0,975 1,61
0,344
0,688
1,321
1,650
100,6
98,1
5750.5-
2006d Pondc 0,593 1,96
0,344
0,688
0,945
1,278
102,3
99,6
a Student’s test and variance ratio F-test (n = 8); b Water of Huangpu River, Shanghai, China;
c Water of campus pond, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; d China national
Standard examination methods for drinking water.
Conclusion
In the sodium carbonate solution, J-acid diazonium salt coupled with
excess J-acid yielding red colored derivatives. At 500 nm, the molar absorptivity
was 3,92.104 L . mol-1 . cm-1 R.S.D. was 1,8%. The recoveries were in the range
of 98,7% – 101,2%.
The new self-coupling diazotizing reagent J acid made the procedure cost-
effective and versatile. It was superior to the national standard method for the
determination of nitrite which necessaryly involved multiple steps and was not
environmentally friendly. Moreover, J-acid is also better than H-acid for its
higher sensitivity. The proposed method has distinct advantages of simplicity,
rapid, sensitivity, selectivity and generated lesser amounts of toxic waste, which
could be applied for the determination of trace nitrite in environmental water.
Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank Chinese Natural Science Foundation (No.
51208299), Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
ISSN 0204–3556. Химия и технология воды, 2015, т.37, №6554
(No. 11JC1408700), "Chen Guang" project supported by Shanghai Municipal
Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation
(No. 11CG52) for financial support.
Reference
[1] Mousavi M.F., Jabbari A., Nouroozi S. //Talanta. – 1998. – 45, N6. – P. 1247 –
1255.
[2] Fna M. //Toxicologist. – 1995. – 15, Nl. – P.36.
[3] Jan M.S., Maxen V., Alberin H.J., Simone G.J., Van Breda, Danielle M.J. et al.
//Diabetes Care. – 1999. – 22, N10. – P. 17 – 50.
[4] Janos S., Istvan K., Orsolya F., Istvan E. // Eur. J. Epidemiol. – 2001. – 17. –
P. 443 – 447.
[5] Adnan Aydin, Ozgen Ercan // Talanta. – 2005. – 66. – P. 1181 – 1186.
[6] Szczepaniak W., Wojciechowska M., Olejniczak I. // Chem. Anal. – 2001. –
46, N3. – P. 337 – 350.
[7] Reddy M.C. Somasekhara // J. Sci. and Ind. Res. – 2004. – 63, N2. – P. 172 –
176.
[8] Nagarja Padmarajaiah, Kumar Mattighatta, Mallikarjuna Nadagouda
// Annali di Chim. – 2002. – 92. – P. 127 – 134.
[9] Nagarja Padmarajaiah, Al-Tayar, Naef Ghllab S. Shivakumar, Anantharaman
// Spectrochim. Acta, A. – 2010. – 75. – P. 1411 – 1416.
[10] Sreekumar N.V., Narayana B., Hegde P., Manjunatha B.R., Sarojini B.K.
//Microchem. J. – 2003. – 74, N1. – P. 27 – 32.
[11] Zhong-Xiaoyong, Shi-Wenjian // J. Food Sci. and Biotechnol. – 2009. – 28,
N2. – P. 206 – 209.
[12] Yu Yun, Shi-Wenjian // Spectroscopy and Spectral Anal. – 2007. – 27, N3. –
P. 573 – 576.
[13] GB3838-2002. National Environment Quality Standards for Surface Water,
China.
[14] GB/T 5750.5- 2006, National Standard Examine Methods for Drinking Water,
China.
Recieved 25.03.2013
|