Усатово. Из истории исследования
Збережено в:
| Дата: | 1976 |
|---|---|
| Автор: | |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Russian |
| Опубліковано: |
Одеський археологічний музей НАН України
1976
|
| Назва видання: | Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/171045 |
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Усатово. Из истории исследования / Э.Ф. Патокова // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 49-60. — Бібліогр.: 82 назв. — рос. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| id |
irk-123456789-171045 |
|---|---|
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irk-123456789-1710452020-09-09T01:25:58Z Усатово. Из истории исследования Патокова, Э.Ф. Статьи 1976 Article Усатово. Из истории исследования / Э.Ф. Патокова // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 49-60. — Бібліогр.: 82 назв. — рос. XXXX-0126 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/171045 ru Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья Одеський археологічний музей НАН України |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| language |
Russian |
| topic |
Статьи Статьи |
| spellingShingle |
Статьи Статьи Патокова, Э.Ф. Усатово. Из истории исследования Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Патокова, Э.Ф. |
| author_facet |
Патокова, Э.Ф. |
| author_sort |
Патокова, Э.Ф. |
| title |
Усатово. Из истории исследования |
| title_short |
Усатово. Из истории исследования |
| title_full |
Усатово. Из истории исследования |
| title_fullStr |
Усатово. Из истории исследования |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Усатово. Из истории исследования |
| title_sort |
усатово. из истории исследования |
| publisher |
Одеський археологічний музей НАН України |
| publishDate |
1976 |
| topic_facet |
Статьи |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/171045 |
| citation_txt |
Усатово. Из истории исследования / Э.Ф. Патокова // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 49-60. — Бібліогр.: 82 назв. — рос. |
| series |
Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT patokovaéf usatovoizistoriiissledovaniâ |
| first_indexed |
2025-07-15T06:25:25Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-15T06:25:25Z |
| _version_ |
1837693116033794048 |
| fulltext |
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3 A\. <l>. 60.'ITe1H:KO. PacKonKH B c. Ycar.oB,o (11'9112 r.). -AipxH1B OAM, c. 17.
4 noMIO.U.(HillKOM M. <!'>. Bo.1TeHKO Ha pacK-OITKax 1921 r. 6b1,1 6y!llym11fl ,!f3BeCTHblH erHII-
T0·10r B. H. AMHeB. · ·
5 M. <l>. B o .1 T e HK o. PackonHJH BoJibll!eKylIJiblllHl(IWrO no.,w KY•1hTy·pHb!X ocTaTKOJ3.-
BOKK, 11. 2'3. 0Aooca, 1925, c. 5-20.
6 M. <!'>. B ·O '11Te1H 1K o. CTpaT;Hnpa4nrn n X1poH•o.11ornlI BoJibll!Oro I\YlIJibHHI(a. -
MAGO, BhlTI. 1. OJJ.ecca, 1957, c. 25~27.
1 Ta M :lK e, c. 26-27, 29.
8 .Il. B. K: a JI y c TIO B. ,ll.a:HHble irnaJ1lf3a HeKOTOpblX HaxOJJ;OK H3 ycaTO>BOK.HX paCKO·
nOK 19i21 'r. BOKK, "I. ,z.3, 0.n:eca, 19125, c. 212-123.
9 M .. <l>. Bo JI T eJJ K '0. KepaMiilK:a 3 Ycatoaa. TKY, a111n. I. K., 1926.
10 M. <t>. B•o.1Te1HK- 10. CTpaTH['lpa¢;m1 ll :x;pon011I1orm1. • ., c. 27.
11 .M. <t>. Bo JI Te 'HK o. Paciroil•HJH B YcaToBo B 119216 r. - AJp:xcHm OAM, c. 28;
0. <t>. JI a r o Ao ·B ch Ka .. YcaT.i·BChKa KYJ1hTy1pa Ta li' Mkue B apxeo.wri"IHOMY MIJHyJioMy
Y•KIJlaiuH. - BiclfHK AH YPOP, 1948, N2 61
, c. 49.
Ycaroao. Jfa UCTOPUU ucc.11eaoaattUR
MeHe.e aaceJieHa, M. <I> .. BoJITeHKO yKa3hIBan, qTo pacnono:>KeHtte KypraaoB
npOH3·BOAHT «BneqaTJICHHe CHCTCMhI», ·'ITO OHH «pacnoJiara.1HCh He60JiblllH
MH rpyirmaMH TeCHo npHMbIKaJOill;HX • .rr.pyr K .npyry MOrHJI, COCTaBJtHH KaK
6b1 po.n.oaoe K,11a.rr.611.rn:e» 12• Bcero 3aq>11.KcnpoBaHo OKOJIO 20 Kypramm.
Bh1.11 .paCKonan KypraH 1 13 - 6Jin:>Kai'llll11.H: K noce.rreHmo 11. caMbiii Ma
JieHI:;KHiii {1Bbl1COTa 112,5 C,lt)' \TIOlfipe16aJihHbl'.H HIHSCHTapb KOT!Q[pO!f{) iII'O.rII1'61CTblO
COOTBCTCTBOBaJI HaXOJl,KaM «ycaTOBCKoro CJIOH» Ha noce.1eHmr. 0TKpbIT'.He
npll uenrpa.rrbHOM norpe6en11.11. MeJI.Horo KHH:>KaJla n03BO.r:IHJio onpe.rr.e.lIHTb
B03paCT naMHTHHKa.
Y:>Ke nepBbie pacKonK!I B YcaToBo noKa3aJIH Hx 6oJibllloe 3HaqeHHe
,n,151 BbIHBJieH11.5I JJ.peBHeiimn:x ::nanoB n:cropnqecKoro pa3BHTHH CeaepHoro
CTpnqepHoMopbH. Ha npo1snKeHHH MHorn:x JieT npH H3y'leH!IH noii: Tepptt·
TOpHH HCC.r:IeJI.oBaJIHCb B OCHOBHOM aHTHLfHbie naMHTHHKH (0.lJ:bBHH, Bepe-
3aHh H Jl.p.). PacKonKaMH y YcatoBo 6b1.r10 nono:>KeHo Ha'la.10 cncreMaTH
qecKoMy ll3YlJCHH!O JI.011.CTOpHqecKoro nep11.o.rr.a 3THX Meer.
PacKOTIKH YcaroBcKoro noceJieHHR B 1928-1929 rr. npeJJ.CTaBJIHIOT
oco6I>IH nayqHhrii HHrepec. Hx ocHOBHbIM .nocrn::>KeHtteM HB!IJIOCh orKpbITHe
l!Ip15IM1\)y['O-.'IbHbIX, IBbllP,';"6JieHHbliX IB ll'31BC<C'T:fIHIH~ y1r.11y6mmttH:, TaK !Ha:3bliBaeMbIX
«Kopn.rr.opoB» pa3JIH'IHOH npormKeHHOCTH. CaMbIH 60.rrbmoii: «Koptt.nop»
,[l.OCT!l.ra.1 ,II,JIHHbl 24 .M ,OblJI optreHTHpoaan c ceBepa Ha IOr H BhIXOJl.H•1
K o6phrny nnato. BJJ.OJib KpaH «t<:opttJI.opa» cto.H.TIH BeprttKaJihHO nocraa·
JteHHhre nJIHThI, cocTaBJJHJOrn;n:e ero Ha3eMHy10 qacTh. KpoMe 6onhllloro,
orKpbITO ern:e qen,ipe «Kopn.n.opa» MeHblllero pa3Mepa. Bo Bcex 3THX coo
py:>KeHHHX Ha CTOpOHe, npOTHBOnO.r:IO:>KHOH BXOJJ.y, IlOMern;aJICH oqar, OTJIH~
qaBlllHHCH MOill;Hb!M CJIOeM 30Jlbl, O·Oo:lK:>KeHHbIMH KaMH5IMH no.1a H .tfaCTH
creHKH nptt neM 14• M. <I>. BonrenKO ClJHTa.11 3TH coopy:1Ken11.51 :>KH;JIHill;aMn:
no.rry3eMJIHHOlJHoro rttna 15, E. <I>. Jlaro.rr.oacKaH '--- KYJibTOBbIMH nocTpoa
KaMn 16•
B 3TH :>Ke roJJ.bI Ha reppHTopnli nepBoro KypraHHoro MOrH.r:IbHHKa 6hI
JIH pacKonaHbI KypranhI I-2 17, lJaCT!l.llHO I-3 is 11 J-4· 19• CTocJleJI.HHe
ycraHOBHJIH THilHqnocTb )J.JIH ycaTOBCKHX KypraHOB KaMeHHbIX coopy:>KeHHH.
B Kypraue I-4 o6Hapy:>KeH JI.BOiiHofi KpciMJiex c Bh1xo.naM11. no cropoHaM
cBera H ueHTpa.'lhHhIM, Ky:noJioo6pa3HhIM, noJiycq>ep11.qecKoro nma, cn.11oru
HbIM nepeKpbrTHeM ....:. 3aK,11a.rr.Kofi, BbIJio>KeHHoii 11.3 KaMHeii. Caoeo6paa11.e
apx11.TeKTOHHKH ycaTOBCKHX KpOMJICXOB, HX crpyKrypHhie .rr.e-raJtH, CBHJJ.e
TeJibCTBylOrn;n:e o pHrya.1hHOM na3Ha'leHHH, no3BOJIHJIH H. H. Mern;aHnno
ay, Ha6mo,naBIIJeMy n:x B Ycarnao a 1929 r., BnepBhie pelllHTb aonpoc o
KpOMJiexax KaK HOCHTCJIHX onpeJJ.eJieHHbro Ky.'lbTOBOfQ Ha3HalleHIIH CO·
.rrHpnoro KYJihTa 20.
B 1929 r. B pa6oTy no n:cc.11e.noaaH11.JO Y.caroBo BKJIIOlJHJiacb E. $. Jia
ro.rr.oacKaH, 113yq11.allla5I KpeMHCBhie H3Ae.1HH naMHTHHKa 21.
12 M. <t>. Bo JJ Te HK o. PacKOTI!K!lI B YcaToBo B 19,21 r. - ApXHB OAl·.t, c. 1\8,
13 Morn.'lblll:l!1K, pacnonolKeF'Ib1li Ha TeppntopHH ce.iia, Ol'MeqaeTCH uu¢ipofl I, M-OrHJJbHJ!K
Ha Tep,plITOpHH cospeM<eHnoro K.1a.n:6mn.a - 1('.!Hppoif II, HO!v!epa Kypraooa 0160311a<ieHbl
apaOOKHMH u:mppaMH. .
14 M. <t>._ BoJITeHKo. CT>f><l1T1HJ1paqm51 H xpmioJ]ormr..., c. 2.5; O. <J>. Jlarol{OB-
c b K .a. Y·caTJBCbKa KYJibTypa .. ., c. 4'8; e e lK e. Hpo6,1eMH YcaT('.iBCbKOI Ky.1btypn. Ha-
yKoB1 33IlillCKH, T. L Y<Pa, 1943, c. 55. . · ·
1
: M. <IJ. B o JJ Te HK o. Ct11nnHnpait;nH 11 xpoHOv'lor'!J.51 .. ., c. 25.
:
1
0. <t>. J1 a roll o a ch Ka. Y 1caTLBC1>Ka K)'.'lb1l)'pa ... , c.
E. <t>. J1 a r o A o 'll c 1" a 51. Ori<!eT o pac1Komrn.x 'K.yp:ra:irn -,.- ApxHB OAM.
:: E. <!'>. J1 a r o ,n: o B .c Ka H. ()rqeT o paeJ-OornK(lX Ky,prana . - ApxHB OAM.
20
E. <l>. Jlaro.ll,oBC•KaH. 0TtieT o p.a.cKonKax Ky.praHa I-4. - Apxarn OAM.
21
H. H. Me Ill. au H Ho B. KpoMlilexH. - Hr AHMK, T. VI, Bhm. III. JI., 1930, c. 20 ..
E. <t>. lI ar o ;:i; o B c 'Ka 51. I\peMHeBbie H3JJ;eJFHlI Yca.TO'!'!O. - AipxaB OAl~1.
4*
52 3. </>. IlaTOK08a
B 1932-1933 rr. pa6oTbI aa noceJieHHH B0300HOBHJIHCb c ytJacrneM
E. <I>. JiaroJI.OBCKoii noJI. OOlll.HM pyKOBOJI.CTBOM M. <I>. Bo.ueHK'O. B roro
eamal)l;HO;ff "Ja1CTH ·noceJie-HHH ,()bIJia OTH!pbl'I'a IKa1MeH1Ha,fl KJiatH:Ka, UWTO!pa.H, 111'0
MHeHHIO <I>. JiaroJI.OBCKOii, CBH3blBaJiaCb c KaMeHHblMH. KJia,lI.KaMH, OT·
KpbITblMH M. <I>. Bo.'ITeHKo B 1921 r. Ha pacKone A 22; ITptt CHHTHH rpyHTa
BOKpyr K.'Ia,ll.KH B BepXHHX C.'IOHX BCTpetiaJIHCb OOJIOMKH n~CYJI.bl (Tt~CTO 6e3
npHMeCH TOJilleHbIX pakoBHH, OpHaMeHTaUH5I .HaJieTIHOH aa.'InK, Hape3bl
n JI.p.)' OTHeCeHHOH HCCJieJI.OBaTeJIHMH K 9TIOXe 6pOH3bl 23, no TepMHHOJIOrHH
M. <I>. Bo.1TeHKO - B. KyH.r:IhHHK IV 24• B 9TOM *e cJioe o6Hapy»rnH Koc
THHoii ncaJIHH
Pa6oTbI 1933. r; npOJI.OJI)KaJ'IHCh Ha ytJacTKe, npHMbIKaromeM K pacKo·
ny A 1921 r. BbI.10 acKpbI1'0 Ky.'IhTOBOe coopy1KeHHe B BHJI.e ysKoro H Jl.·'IHH
Horo npOXO,lI.a, COcTOHlli,ee H3 HeBbICOKHX. TIJIHT, TIOCTaB.'IeHHbIX Ha pe6po.
ITJIHTbI cTOHJIH JI.BYMH napaJIJieJihHbIMH .pHAaMH Ha onpeJI.e.1eHHOM paccTO
HHHH ,n;pyr OT ,n;pyra 26 Ha cneu,na.'IbHO C)I,eJiaHHOll BblMOCTKe H3 MeJIKOfO
KaMHH. . . • . •
B 3TOM )Ke roJI.y Hat.Ia.TO ttccJie,n;oBaHHe II YcaTOBCKOH KypraHHOH
rpynnbI, pacnoJiolKeHHOH Ha TeppHTOpHH coapeMeHHOrO ycaTOBCKOro KJia,ll,-
6nrn,a 18 :1 KM IK !Ory ,arr Y ca11oso, KJia!lll'6H1rn,eHc1rna ITTpyul[la 1cocrn1HJia H3 10
KypraHOB c ymwrn,eHHbIMH HeBbICOKHMH HaCbI'IlHMH HeOOJibUIOfO ,ll,HaMeTpa,
3a HCKJIIO'leHHeM o,ll,Horo BbICoKo.ro KypraHa N2 4. HacbrnH TOJib.Ko Tpex
KypraHOB He ObIJIH nospelKJJ.eHhI coBpeMeHHbIMH norpe6eHHHMH. DepBbIM
6hIJI HCCJie)I.OBaH KypraH ll--.,3, ,ll,aBIIlHH KOJI.'IeKTHBHOe norpe6eHHe tJeTb!pex
• • crMu 27 tJeJioBeK B 6oJihlllOH HMe, 3aaaJieHHOH. KaMHn; " •
B 1934--11935 nr. ncc.1eITT,01Ba1H.H~ 1naM1HTHHIKa iHe n,pOH31B,OtUH.r:Wc.b.
C 1936 lfio 1940 1r. E. <I>. Jia1ro~11,.o!BicKoiii ·6hIJIH ·IlipOJJ.•0.1)KeHhI :pa~IKO!TIKH I
H H KyipiraHHhl.x M'Otr'H.1b1HH1K•OIB. B !IIe:pia.oM Ha HH1x :ObJ.TI·H \)J;O•K!ollrn•HbI· B 1937 r.
KypraHbI 1~3 H 1-4, a TaK)Ke paCKOilaHbI KypraHbI 1-5 H 1;;-6, B 1938 r.-
•KYIPila'HbI l-7 H 1·~8, B 1939 rr. 1Kyip1ramr I-9 .H I-110 , B 1940 .r.
KypraH I-11 29• Bo acex KypraHax aaqrnKcHpoBaHbI KpOMJiexH, HHOr,ll,a
JI.:BOHHbie.
31HaitIHTeJibHbIH UHTe,pec ITTpe!U•CTalBJIHJIH ·Oi6iHa1py)KeH>Hble IB IOP0-3a.
naJJ.HbIX ceKTopax KpOMJiexa .cneuHaJibHhie KOHCTPYKUHH H3 .aepTHKa.'lbHO
TIOCTaBJieHHblX TIJIUT. Jbe raKHe n.'lllTbl HBJIHIOTCH. pe,ll,tJalllllHMH o6pa3UaMH
nepBOObITHoro HCKYCCTBa. B KypraHe J_,,3 06Hapy1KeHa nJIH.Ta c H3o6pa-
1KeHirnMH qeJIOBeKa, JIOCH H .r:IOllla,lI.eH, BbIIlOJIHeHHb!Mll Bpe3Hb1MH JIHH.HHMH
H peJiheq>oM, a :a Kypratte 1-11 ~ mrnrn c peJibeq>HbIM H3o6pa1KeHHeM
co6aKH. B nJiaHe K•1aJI.KH KpOMJiexa KypraHa I-9 BhIHBJieHa 6e3pora:H
roJioBa ObIKa, cxeMaTH'leCKH BbICetJeHHaH H3 KaMeHHOH nnHTbl. B qeTbipex
Kypnrnax Ha,ll, ueHTpaJibHbIMH norpe6eHHHMH o6Hapy)KeHhI KaMeHHble 3a·
1K.'Ialll!KH, a ittatrr, 1Kyp:rmttoM J.,-1 l y·HHKaJtb·Hce co.opylKeHHe .B iBHllJ.e Kyno-
22 E, ¢>. JI a r o Ao a c ,Ka 51. Jl;1mBHHK pacKonoK B c. Ycawno B 1932 r. - ApxHB
OAM., c. 25_:__26 .
. 23 T a M JK .e, c. 33-35. . ,
24 M. <I>. E o JI re HK o. Orp.ar1Hripaq;rui H xpoHMomrn ... , c. 26; 0. 4>. JI a r on o B
e b .Ka. ilpo6JieM.H yca'llilBCbKOl Ky.%TypH ... , c. 55.
2s E. ¢>. JI.a r on 01B.c Ka 51. ,l.LHeBHHK pacKorroK B c. YcaTO·Bo B 1932 r. - ApxHB
OAM, c. 35; 9. <f>. n a T 0 K•O·B a. KocTllHbie H porOBbie H3ll,eJI%Jl H3 Ycarono. - MACIT,
Bbm. 4. Onecca, HJ62, c. 19~1·94.
2& O. ¢> .. J1a r on o B c hK a. Yca'riocf>)<'a Ky.'lhTypa..., c. 48 .
21 E. ¢>. JI a r on o B c 1K a 51. Or11er o pacKo,r!Kax KypraiHa l-'-3. - Apima OAu\-\, c. 8.
2a OT'IeTl>r E. ¢>. JiaroJJ;oBcKoi% o pac1.rnnrirnx KypraHOB 1-:-3· - 1-1-0 x1pau5ITC5I B a.p-
x1rne OAM.
29 O. ¢>_ JI a r o Ao B ch Ka. Po:iKorrK·H yca<riBchKoro Ky.praHy 1-"ll. Hay'KiOBi 3a-
IlHCKlH, T; 2. K,., 1946, C. 38~55.
Ycaro6o. Ifs UCTopuu uccAedoeanwi 53
Jia. UeHTpa.TihBhre norpe6eHHH oT.'IHtJaJIHCh Hantt-gHeM 6oraToro norpe6a.r:1b
Horo HHBeHTapH, npeJI.cTaBJreHHoro onpeJJ.eJieHHbIM Ha6opoM Mernn.11HtJeCKHX
H3)J,eJIHll (KHHJKa.1bI, TOnopbI, llIH.JlbH, BHCOqHble KOJibUa) H TIOCYJI.OH.
\B 11936 ,r. 16b!Jrn ncic.r:1e,:r;o1Ba1Hhr 1Ky1pra'HbI II-:l Ji 11-2 Ha Te;ppHTOJp.HH
II KypraHHoro MOfHJibHHR:a 30. Oco6hrii HHTepec npeJI.CTaa.1rn:eT KypraH
11--'2, r,u.e ueHTpa.r:rhHbIM 6hIJIO horpe6emre tJe.r:IoBeKa, HMeIOmero ornol1Ie
HHe k 'KYJibTY 6h1Ka; a B KYJibTOBoii S'!Me o6HapyJKeHO YHHKa.11bHOe 3axopo
Heufle roJIOBbr 6bIKa, BhICetJemmil: H3 Ka:MHH 31 • Bo II KypraHHOM MOrHJibHH
Ke B OT.11Hl!He or I npH UeHTpa.'lhHbIX norpe6eHHHX He BbIHB.11eHo opy)KHS'f,
11To CBHJJ.eTeJihCTByeT, no MHeHHIO E. <I>. JiaroJI.oBcKofi, ·· 06 onpeJJ.e.'IeHHOH
cneuHq>HKe 3TOii rpynnhr.
B 3TOM )Ke ro,u.y Ha'laTbI TaK)Ke llCC.Jle)I.OBaHHH I rpyHTOBOfO MOrH.'Ib
HHKa, npHMb!Karomero c ceBepo-3anaJJ.a K . I KypraHHOH rpynne. KaK n0Ka-
3a.r:rn pacKOTIKll (BCKpbITO BCero TpH norpeoeHHH), MOrH.'IbHHK B 3HalJH
Te.1lbHQll CTeneHH pa3pyllleH ,lJ,OObllleii H3BeCTHHKa 32. no MHeHMIO E. <I>. Jia
fO,ll,OBCKOH, MOrHJibHMK OTHOCHTCH K 6oJiee n03JJ.HeMy apeMeHH, tJeM KYP·
raHhI 33 . .
ITocJie 60.'lbllloro nepepbrna a 1940 r. M. <I>. BomeHKO anepBbie npo
H3BeJI paCKOTIKH YcaToBcKoro noce.r:reHHH He Ha nnaTo, a Ha BepxHHX
onoJI3HeBhIX Teppacax e. B. KyHJibHHK, o6HaPY*HBII1He lllHPOKyro n.11omaJJ.
KY KYJibTOBoro Ha3HatJeHHH, r)I.e cpeJI.H qeTbipex otJaros OhI.'Ia oTKpbITa a
yrny6.1emrn IlOJia n.'IOCKaH «aHTpOIIOMopcj:rnaH» CTeJia B OKpyJKeHHH Tll'Il:HlJ
HbiX ycaTOBCKHX HaXO)I.OK 34•
3a JI.OBOeHHbre roJI.bI ycaTOBCKHX pacK,onoK M. <I>. Bo.r:rTeHKO 11
E <I>. Jiaro,ll,OBCKaH npH H3yqeHHH . ocrreo.'IOrntJecKHX HaXO.IlOK nocTOHHHO
npH6era.11H K noMOlll.H H COTPYJI.HHtJeCTBY JI. A. BpayHepa, cJJ.eJiaalllero PH.zl
HHTepeCHblX Ha6nro,ll,eHHH no BOCCTaHOBJieHHIO KapTHHbI JiaH,11.lllaq>rn H npH
pOJJ.HbtX ycJIOBHH JIHMaHHO-cTenHoii noJIOCbI CeBepo-3anaJJ.HOro ITpHtiepHo
MOpbH 35. · HaJJ. ycaTOBCKHMH MarepHaJiaMH pa60Ta.11 TaK)l{e H. r. IT:ttAO
IIJIH'IKO 36•
Eme noc.11e paCKonoK 1929 r. YcaTOBO 6brJio aE:n10qeHo B CIIHCOK rocy
AapcTBeHHblx 3anoae,ll,HHKOB YCCP~ DaMHTHHKH, JI.o6b!Thie pacKonKaMH
ycaTOBCKOro KOMIIJieKCa, COCTaBH.1H OJI.HY H3 caMbIX 6oraTbIX ll HHTepeCHbIX
KO.'IJieKUHH OJI.ecckoro apxeoJIOrHlleCK·oro My3eH, HBHJIHCb HJJ.POM, BOKpyr
KOTOporo pa3BepHyJiaCb 3KCH03HUHH nepBOObITHOro OT)I.eJia B JI.OBOeHHble
FO,il,bl.
B lf'iOtnhI iBeJIHJ<;oii 0Telfec11BeHHOIH iIWM>HbI MecTo 1pa1cKono·K B 1942 r .• no,n;
Bepr.1ocb pa3pylllem1ro B CBH3H co CTpOHTe.1bCTBOM ,rtaMObI npOTHB pa3JIH
Ba Jim.rnHa 37. B 1945 r. HCc.1e)J.0BaHm1 B Y caTOBO ObI.r:IH B0300HOB.11eHbI.
I-fa-3a 3HatJHTeJibHOrO pa3pyllleHHH naMHTHHKa OHH HOCH.r:IH pa3Be,li,bIBa·
oo E. <I>. JI a r o ;1. o B c •K a H. OTtleT o pacKomrnx KypraHa H-1. ApxltB OAM;
e e IK e O'I"!er o p.aeKoll'Kax Kyipra1Ha ll--'2. AipmB OAM; .e e IK e. PaORIO!llKiH Qn.ec
CK'OrO ~,crop1nKo-aipxeooo11H(lleCworo My3e51 . oon OJ1.eccoii B 1936 r. - CA, 11940, T. V,
c. 239--'264.
a.1 T a.M IK e, c. 25~-<254.
-t12 T a M JK e, c. 259.
33 O. ¢>. JI a r o ;n: o ill c b Ka. YcaTLBchKa eliicne;J.HJJi;51 1'946 p. - ACT, T. II. K., 1949,
c. 20!·-203.
34 M. 4>. E ·OJI Te H• IK -0. Apxeio.TOri"l:Hi '1JIOCJ1:iJJ;1H O,necb1mro Myaero. AI), T. H. K.,
1949, c. 218. . \~/
35 JI. A. E pay •Hep. Bpiouwoe crenMoro JinMaHH•O-MOJllCKoro J1aHirtma<1>ra HpaBo-
6epe11rnoi% YKparnHbl. Ap)(>HJB OAM. . ·
36 I. f. D j ,lJ, on JI i q 'K O. }..Lo II:HTaH1H5I npo CBitiicblct TiBaipHHH T·pH,JlMhCb!GHX !lOCeJieHb,
HayKOBi sa1rmcim IHCTl!ITJ"TY icr·opff ,Ma"re.piaJ1·hHOi :J{,y.'lb'!"Y:PH, KH. '2. l(., :1937, c. 1'13.
37 M. q>, I> o •'l T e!H K °'· fhorn ncCJieJl.O!HtiHHiI ~c:aTOBO - Aipx11ui OAM, c. 12.
54 3. </J. flaTOKOBa
TeJlb}JO-'nO,llXOTOBllTeJibHbIH xa paKTep. TipoBe,11.eHbl pacKOnKH He60JibIIIOro
Yill.e.JieBmeiro «OCT1P{J1B!Ka» 'Ha 1aro-:3a1na,11.Ho1ii ·neprncpeipnn 1no1ceJieHHH 38.
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ocHOBHhIX nccJie,11.oBaTeJieii: YcaToBo - M. <I>. BoJITeHKO n E. <I>. Jlaro,11.oB
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pe.UOBhlMll KYJihTYPHhIMll geHTpaMn BocToqHoro Cpe,11.n3eMHOMophH; ocBe
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OPID:eCTBeHHblX OTHOIDeHIIll. 0Ha BbI)l.eJIIIJ!a KypraHbl, lfMeIOm:Me XapaKrep
HH,n:HBH,nya.1IbHb!X norpeoeHIIH BO.iK,UeH, II upmwrn K BhIBO.llY 0 HaqaBrneM
CH npouecce HMym:ecrneHHOro H COIIIIaJibHOro pa3JIOJKeHHH B ycaTOBCKOM
oom:ecTBe, IlO.D.T.JepKHYB naTpllapxaJihHbIH xapaKTep IlOCJieJ].Hero. CTorpeoe
HHf! B KypraHax Ha ropII30HTe oHa pacc~rnTpIIBa.11a KaK 3axopoHeHlfH
co11uaJihHO. Hlf3IIIHX (pa6oa) 47• MHoro BHIIMaHIIH B pa6orax E. <t>. Jlaro·
JJ.OB,CKOH y)l.eJieHO HJ].eOJIOrHqecKIIM B033peHIIHM ,n:peBHIIX ycaTOBIIeB 48,
B1rreprabie E. <t>. Jiairc1II.•01Bc1mfi OhlJIH orMe•IeHbI ornpe.ne,,11eHHhie ·O:TJIHiT.Jlf5I
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oopam:eHO Ha B3aHMOO'THOllleHHH Il03)1.HeTpHITO.'lbCKHX TIJ!eMeH CO CTeTIHbIMM
nJieMeHaMH Jleaooepe)Khfl 49• B 1953 r. Ha ocHoaaHIIII ycaToBCKIIX Me,IJ,Hhlx
KHH)KaJIOB KpHTCKOro TIITia OHa )l.arnpoBaJia ycaTOBCKIIe naM5ITHIIKH KOH·
IIOM III --'- HaqaJtoM II ThlCHqeJieTHH .n.o H. 3. 5o
43 · tM. <P. Bo JI Te 1H ,Ko. C11pammpa<j>m1 n x1paHo.1orn.fl ... , c. 42.
44 M. <P. B OJI T e1H Ko. CTpa11HinpacJ>HH H xpoHMOrHH .. ., c. 42; 0. <I>. JI a r Q ;i; o B·
c b Ka. Hpo6.1eMH ycar&IliCbKoi KYJib'rypH ... , c. 65'--66; e e lK e. YcaTiBlcbKa KY•'IbTypa •.. ,
t. 56 ..
45 0. <I>. JI a r o,n: a IB c b Ka. TI11M'HTHHK yocaTiB'CbK-0ro THny. - ApxeOJianiH, T. VHI,
K., . J 953, c. 9().
4.6 Ta M lK e, c. 101.
47 0. <I> •• '1aro·.n;o'BCb•Ka. PoarKOIJ!KH ,ycaTiacbKoro KyprnHy 1-111, c. 39; ee 'iKe,
npo6.1eMH ycaT•i'BCbKO.i Ky,%TypH .. ., C. 60-62.
48 0. <I>. JI a r o JJ. on ·Cb Ka. Tipo6,1e~m ycaTincbmoi KYJibTYpH ... , c. 60.
49 0. <l:>. JI a r OJI, 0 BC bK a. HaM'RTHWKH ycaTiBi;:bKOrO Timy .. ., ~. 99.
50 T a ft! m: e, <;. sq. .
'!lcaroeo. Ha uciopuu ucc.tteaoeanun 57
OcHOBHhie acneKTbl HCTOpIIH· ycaroacKHX nJieMeH no.upo6Ho oxapaK
TepII30BaHhI B 1949 r. T. C. CTacceK B MOHOrpaqmM, IlOCBHID:eHHOH nepHO
,llII38ll,HH TPllTIOJihCKIIX noceJie1rn:i'r, B Koropo:i'r anepBbie 6wrn .n.arHpOBaHbf
noo,rr;He"flPIIlfliOJibCKUe, 1a TOM qnrne II y1ca1•01BCJKIIe, rnaMrHT•Hlf•KII HaqaJWM II 'Thie
OH!q·e,'leTHifl JJ.O IH. 13. 51 B 1962 r. T. c naoceK, 1II13!MeHlflB IBICIO 1x;p·b•HOJI-Oifll·
qecKyIO cxeMy TpnnoJihfl, . ornec,11a naMHTHIIKH rro3,ll.Hero srnna Ko II .rro
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poca 0 CJIO.tKeHIIII naMf!THIIKOB ycaTOBCKOrb THna HMeIOT MaTepHa.1IbI Il03LI.
HeTpIII10.TlbCKOro BbIXBaTIIHCKoro MOrIIJibHIIKa B no,nHeCTpOBbe, MCCJieJ].O·
.BaHHOrO T. c. nacceK 53
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Mpeli ,BQ'3•0!5HOBH,'I 1pa16ary Ha repp1nop11II I KypraiHHOro M~rH·'I~HIIIKa. no)l
py·K•O!BOl,UCTBOM a.BTopa obl.,1 pacKona;u KypraH I-12, OJIII)KaHUIHH K noceJie
HHIO 54. Cpe.n.u IIHiBeHTapH u~rt11pa.'lbHOiro norpeioeHUH KypraHa BnepBbie B
Y·caroBO o6Hapymeao Me,,UHoe JLOJIOTO Mali1mrn0Korn TH1na 55
• Zha Haxo.n.Ka,
cBn.n.ereJibc-nayIOm:aH o eocroT.JHbIX CBSf3HX Ycaroao, pacnrnpHJla rrpe,n:icrna·
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soil, B:KiJia\!l.bIIIIaMH cocraBHoro opyJl.HH • . .
B 1961-1962 rr. IICc.11e,nosaHbI KypraHbI 1-13 11 1-15. HcKJIIOT.JH
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bI 58 .
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ycaTOBCKIIe ,ll.OJIOTa OTJIHTbl H3 Mbllllb5IKOBHCThIX 6pOH3 KaBKa3CKOH ropHO
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MeCTHoro ycaroBcKoro MeTaJJJiooopaoaTb!Barom:ero oqara, se.uym:yIO po.'Ih
5l T. c. n ac(le'K.. flep·HO,Ul!BaUHJI 'l'p•HIIOl.'lbCIKHX nOCellieHHH. - MMA, ~g 10. M.-JI.,
1949, c. 208-210.
52 T. P a s s e k. Relations .entre !'Europe Oc~identale et !'Europe Orienfa.le a j'epoque
neoHthique. - Vil Congres International des sciences prehi.storiques et 1pr-0tohistoriques.
Les rapports et !es inf.ormatkms des .archeologues de 'I'URSS. Moscou, 196'2.
53 T. c. TI a cc e K Pa1JJHe3eM,1e.ueJih'!eciKMe (TtP1ano111bCKJ!e) n,1eMena TIO!,illHecTpoBbll.
tMHA, 1961, X2 84, c. 1140-182.
54 S. <I>. TiaToKona. YcaroB!OKHil fl'Y·i>raH 1-1.2."'""'K.COfAM aa ·1002'r. 0.n:ecca, 1963.
55 T. B. n 0 III 0 iB ar. }J.OiJI•bMCHbl C'fa'!l1ll'IJ;bl H.OiBOC!BOOOJL'HOH. M., 1963, T3M. VIII. . '
56 flOJib3YIOCb CJiy'!aeM Bb!1pa3HTb 6Jiaro.n.apHOCTb f. <l:>. 1(opo6H:OBOH .3a onpe,ll,e,1eHHe
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57 S. <I>. CTaToKona. PaCKCITTKH yoa'!'oBCKoro eypraHa' I-II& - KCOfAM sa
196Jr. O.n:ecca, 1953, c.11i2-l\6. ·
58 T a M lK e, c. 16.
59 E •. H. q e pH bIX. 0 ,llpeBHeI'illlll!x oqarax MeTMJI-006pa60TKH I0ro-3ana.n.a CCCP.
KCHHMK, Bb!II. 123. M., 1'970, c. 23---31; er '0 lK e. rkroipl!ll .m~~H~ii:!llell l>!eTaJI•qypma
J3.9CT9'lHQtt E>J.pQII!;>J, M., 1966, C. 51!~7r2, 11114-1•22,
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cocpHeBCKoro MOrHJI·bHHKa 64. •
B 1962 r. B. r. 36eHOBHq HCCJie,ll.OBaJI 3,ll.eCh CHJibHO pa3pyIIIeHHbIH
Kypr&H I-14. CoxpaHttJiacb JO)l{HaH noJIOBHHa KPOMJiexa, B JOro-3ana.u
HoM iCetK'JIOipe ®OTIOipO!nO Ha1~0\lJ.HJIHCb \ll:Be Ka.MeHiHbie .nJIHTbI, 1c1101Hlll.lHe IB .n1peiB
HOC'tH BepTHKaJihHO 65. B .3TOM )Ke ro.uy B. r. 36eHOBHqeM HaqaTbl HCCJie
,ll.OBaHHH II rpyHTOBoro MOrHJihHHKa 66• O.ueccKHM apxeoJiornqeCKHM M:y3e
eM TIO,ll. pyKOBO,ll.CTBOM aBTOpa (1964, 1969, 1971, 1973 rr.)
67 npO,ll.OJI)KeH~
nccJie.uoBaHne MOrHJihHHKa. MorttJihHHK pacnoJIO)KeH Ha JOro-BoCToqHoH
oKpanHe c. YcaTOBO B Henocpe.ucTBeHHOtt 6JIH30CTH OT II. KypraHHoil rpyn
TihI 6S. 11ccJie,ll.OBaHa TIJIOII.la,ll.b OKOJIO 1500 M2, Ha KOTOpOH BCKpbITO 31 no
rpe6eHHe n 15 KYJihTOBbIX HM. B 6oJibIIIHHCTBe cJiyqaeB norpe6eHHH pacno
JiaraJIHCh rpynnaMH, OT,ll.aJieHHhIMH .upyr OT .upyra Ha 3HaqnTeJihHOe pac
CTOHHtte. E6JiblllaH· qaCTb norpe6eHHR OTMeqeHa TIJIHTaMH, KaMeHHblMH 3a
KJia,ll.KaMH. 0CHOBHhie qepTbI norpe6aJibHoro o6pH.ua, xapaKTepHbie .UJIH
ycaTOBCKHX KypraHOB ( cpopMa H pa3Mepbl norp-e6aJihHblX HM, 3anOJIHe)-IHt
HX KaMHHMH, TIOJIO)KeHHe H optteHTHpOBKa norpe6eHHblX H .up.) npocJie)Kli-
BaIDTCSI: H B 6ecKypraHHOM MOrHJibHHKe. •
11HBeHTapb MOrHJibHHKa npe,ll.CTaBJieH B OCHOBHOM nocy.uoH He60Jib
IllOfO pa3Mepa, H3fOTOBJieHHOR npeHMymecTBeHHO H3 MaCCbl c npnMeCb!O
TOJiqeHhlX 1pa,KymeK (!90%). 0Hoeo!6pa3He M<C)iJ'HJlbHHKa np01HIBJl1HeTCiH :a HaJIH:
qn·H H01BbI1x cp.o1pM: 1nocy.uh1, 1Hett:3Be1cT1Hbl'X IB 1~yp1raHHb11x M101r.HJII>HHKax. CBoeiH
cneuacpHqHOCThJO BhI,ll.eJIHeTcH 6oJihIIIOtt cocy.u c HttUeBH.UHhIM KopnycoM H
60 E. H. 4 e p 1H hi x. O npeBHei1rn11x oqa·rax MeTaJmoo6pa'6oTKn .. , c. 61.
61 e. <I>. IT!aT'OKIOIBa'. Yca1TOBCKllH KypraH I-12', c. 1115-118, :iia6JI. V, 4, 6;
Ta
6
J162 Y,f· ~. 5M. 0 B llJ .a. BaMH11HlliKill BhI~Ba11wooKoro wna. - MACIT, Bhlll. 7. ~;nee.ca, 19711/,
c. B2J; e.e )!{ e. ITepio!lll3·auiH Ta x·pOIHOJioriH ce·peJlHhOl'O Ta m3·Hbor.o T1p1lln1IJJ'JIH. - Ap-
xeoJJoriH, Binn. 5. K. 119712, c. 15. 1960 voor AIM
63 a. <l>. rt a T O·K 0 Ba. p,aJCKOilKll ycaTOBCKiOfO KypraiHa I-16 B ' r. - ,,
3a 1003 r. Onecca, 1965, c. 44-47.
64 IO. M. 3 ax a p y K. CoqfriBchKHtt T'.wionaJibHllH MOI1l!JII>HHK. - AIT, T. IV. K. 1952,
ra6JI. I, 4, 5. n
65 .B. r. 3 6 e IH 0 B ll q, YiCTOiplllH no3,mHeTipllilOJlbC,KiHX nJieMeH CeBepHoro puqepHO·
MOpbll. J(., ,J9174, C. 39.
66 B. 1f. 36ett1·01n1q. PaicKonKll 6ecJ<:y,pra:H1H<or-o Mor.HJihH!llKa B c. YoaToBo. -
KCOfAM 3a 111962 r. O.n:ecca, 1964, c. 371-45.
. 67 3. <I>. ITaToKoaa. PacKonl<lll YcaToaoKoro 6ecwypra:HH01ro MOl'lliJlbHUKa B
1964 r. - MAOIT, BbI!Il. 7. 0Aecca, 1197·1, c. 201-2,10; ee )!{ e. PacKonKll YcaToBcKoro
6et1Ky,praHHoro MOfllJIIJHUKa. - AO 1·969. r. M., 19710,. c. 230-261!; e e )!{ e. PaOKonKll
Yca'l10BCKoro MO.rHJJbH1nKa. - AO 1973 r. M., 111974, c. 325.
68 B ttacTOHIIJ.ee apeMH 'Ha n,1omanu, HenoopencTBeHHO np,llMbIKaIOIIJ.ett c ceBepa Ko II
rpo/'HTOB'PMY MODllJIIJH!ll<IY, 3a<flrnKiCrnpoaa1HO He Mettee Tpex KyipraHOB, HOHTlll IlOJIHOCTb!O pa3-
pyweHHblX coapeMeH<Hc\>IMU IlOCTpotti1rnMH. 0Hlll, IlO-B!llillliMOMy, BXO)lill;1H B OTill:MbHYIO Kyp
raHHYIO r,pynny.
Ycaroso. H3 ucropuu uccAeaosanu11 59
Bb!COKOH IIIettKOR, CBH,ll.eTeJihCTBYIOllleil, no HaIIIeMy MHeHHIO, 0 HaH60Jiee
paHHHX CBH3HX YcaTOBo co cTeTIHhIMH nJieMeHaMH ,UHenpoBcKoro JleBo6e
pe)KhH 69• He BCTpeqaJOTCH B KypraHax qeThipexrpaHHbie, npHMoyroJibHhie
B nJiaHe cocy.UhI 70 • TmrnqHhI ,ll.JIH rpyHTOBoro MOrHJihHHKa Ky6KH - Ma
JieHbKHe cocy,ll.bl c oqeHb BbICOKOR IIIeHKOR, HH3KHM IIIapOBH,ll.HbIM TeJIO,M H
yn.1omeHHblM HJIH KpyrJiblM ,ll.HOM, rycrn yKpalll:eHHbie IIIHypOBblM opHa
MeHTOM 11. Ta1rne cocy.uhl B I KypraHHOM MOrHJihIIHKe Boo6me H~ 3acpHKCH
poBaHhI, a BO II Hail.ueu TOJihKO o.unH no.rr.06Hh1il cocyn. K.y6KH rpyHT,OBo
ro MOrHJibHHKa He HMe!OT npHMblX aHaJIOrHH KaK cpe.UH CHHXpOHHbIX KYJib·
Typ, TaK n cpe.un naMHTHHI\OB 6oJiee paHHero BpeMeHH. AHaJiornqHhie cocy
.UhI H3BeCTHhI B naMHTHHKax KYJihTYP IIIHypoBoil KepaMHKH ( cpe.uHeAHen-
1pion10K10H, npnxap1narc11mil) 72 . ·
fl,oKa:3aTeJihlHhIM 1HIBJIHeT1CH ralKJ)Ke 1HaJirnqne '6oJiblmoro KOJIH'qecT1Ba aHT
po1noMopcpHhl'X 1cptt1ryp,01K, O'JiK1pbl'TblX HOCJie,n:10IBa1HH1H'MH '.f1PY'H'T'01B<Olrio M01rHJib
iH.HKa. B I Ky1p1raHHOM iMOlrHJihHH.Ke 1(16 Ky1p1raHOtB) 10\6Ha1py)Ke1Ha IBCe[',O .'OVJ.1Ha
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ia 10VJ.1H·01il ,H1Me; IBO II 1rp:y1HT,0iBOM Mo1rHJih1HHIK·e 13aicpttK1crnp101BaH·o y[)Ke 14 i3K3.
On;pe.ueJieHrHhie oT.11H1qaH, ycTa,HOBJieHHhie 1HaMH Me)K'.UY KEWaMHiq,eoK,HMH
%O>M[me~caM.H ycaroiBCKHiX Kyp,ra1HHh11x 1Mo1rHJihHHWOIB H II "'PYHT·OIB<01r?, noi31B10·
JIHIOT iCUI.eJia'Tb IBblB'O\ll. '°' cy1me1CT:BOIBWHHH x1poHOJI·Olrttqe,C:KHIX 1pa·3JIHq·HH Meoi<i,ll.y
TIOiCJieill.IHHMH.
B 60-70-e ro,ll.bI OTKpbIT H H3yqeH pH.U HOBhIX naMHTHHKOB ycaTOBCKO
ro Tttna. Cpe.un HHX nan6oJiee 3HaqnTeJibHhIMH B Htt)KHeM Tio.uHeCTpd.Bhe
HBJIHJOTCH nccJie.uoBaHHH ycaTOBcKoro noceJieHHH y c. MaHKH, oTKpbIBUIHe
.upeBHHe pBbI n 6oJihIIIoil BemecrneHHhitt MaTepttaJI 73. ,UJIH peIIIeHHH Bonpo
coB CHHXpOHH3aUHH ycaTOBCKHX naMHTHHKOB 60JiblllOe 3HaqeHHe HMeIOT
CTpaTttrpacpHqeCKHe ,ll.aHHhie KypraHOB, HCCJie,ll.OBaHHbIX B Me)K.uype%e
,UHeCTpa n ,UyHaH (y r. EoJirpa.u, ceJI HepyIIIail, Oropo.uHoe H .up.) 74•
3uaqnTeJibHhie ycrreXH ,ll.OCTHrHYThl TaK)Ke B n3yqeHHH TI03,ll.HeTpHHOJlb
CKHX naMHTHHKOB Tio.uHecTpoBhH, pH.ua 3HeOJIHTHqecKHX KYJibTYP YKpaHHbl
H I\.aBKa3a, CHHxpoHHbIX YcaTOBo KYJihTYP Hil)l{Hero Tio.uyHaBhH. TioJiy
qeHHhitt 3THMH HCCJie,ll.OBaHHHMH MaTepttaJI TI03BOJIHeT IIO-HOBOMY paccMaT
pttBaTb BonpochI, cBH3BHHhie c HCTopneil ycaTOBCKHX nJieMeH. B qacnwc
TH, yCTaHOBJieHa 6oJihIIIaH poJib CTenHhIX KOM'IlOHeHTOB B KYJihType rroc-
. Jie,ll.HHX. 11ccJie[(OBaTeJIH OTMeqaJOT, qTo MHOrHe cneuHcpHqecKHe qepTbl
ycaTOBCKHX naMHTHHKOB OhIJIH -06yCJioBJietto1 BJIHHHHeM ps(rr.a KYJihTYP ~
HH)KHeMHXattJIOBCKOR, cpe,ll.HeCTOfOBCKOH 75, HMHOR u KaBKa3CKOro HaCeJie-
69 3. <I>. IT a T<J Ko a a. PaDOOHKiH YcaToBc.KoDO 6ecKypr.11Httoro MOrllJII>HnKa a 1964 r.,
c. 210, pile. 2, 2.
1o Ta M }!{. e, c. 206, pHC. 4, 18.
11 Ta M }f{ e, c. 203, p!IC. 2, 7; c. 204, puc, 3, 13.
72 H .. H. A p Te Me HK o. Gpe.mttenttenpoB'DKaf! KYJ!b'i')lipa. - CA, 1003, N2 2, c. 16,
pile. 2, 1, 2,. 4, 6; AlpxeOJIOl'ifl YeyaiHCi.xoi PCP. !(., 19711, c. 305, .piHc. 84', 78.
73 B. r. 3 6 e H OllH 'J. IToceJieHHe ycaTOBCKO,ro '111lna y c. MaH~H. - MACfl, Bblll. 7.
0.n:ecrn, 1971, .c. 192-200.
74 H. M. III M a r JI n ii, 11. T. 4 e p iH HK o B. Hoc;re;noBaHHH . KypraHoB a CTe11HoA
•iac11ll Me}f{11lype%H ,n:yuaH 11 .z:i:tteC'rpa. - MA:Cn, awn. 6, H. {. 0.n:ecca, 1970, -c. 5-ll5;
JI. B. Cy 6 6 o TH H, .H. .M. III Mar :ii u 'H. BoJirpa.11icKrrii KypratHHhiii MOl1HJJbHllK. -
MACIT, Bb!Il. 6, q, I. Onecca, 1970, c. !ili6--'!29; JI. B. c y 6 6 0 TM H, A. r. 3arJfHa1'!:
.'I o, H. M. III Mar JI H ii. l(ypraHbI y c. Or.opo.n:noe. - MACIT, Bbln. 6, q, I. 0.necca, 1970,
c. 130-,155; H. M. IIIMarJIHtt, H. T. 4epHHKOB, H. JI. AiJieKceeaa. ·i(ypra
Hhl Hll)l{Hero ITonyttaiBbll. - AO 111970 r. M., .11971, c. 233-234.
75 T. r. M 0 B Ill a. ITepiomr3aui,H Ta xpoHOJioriH cepe)IJHl>Oro Ta Il'i3HbQfO Tp1Hni,11,11lj,
ApxeoJI-Ol'ill, BHJJ. 5. I\., 1972, c. 14.
60 3. <P. flaroK.oea
HIHI
76
• OTl\te'IJ:eHbI KOHTaKTbI c 3anaJJ.HhIMH coce,zu1MH (Ky.'IhTypa qepHoBo:
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77
. CTOHBHJiacb B03MOiKHOCTb Ha 60.11ee lllHpOKOM HCTOpHrrecKOM cpoHe
cpe;ll)I MH?fHX CHHXpO!tHbIX KYJibTYP paccMaTpHBaTh BOTipOCbI CJIOJKeHHH
H .rr.a.'IbHeHHIHX cy.n.e6 ycaTOBCKHX. IIJ!eMeH, Jiytime oxapaKTepH30B3Tb HX
Ky.11>rypHoe caoeo6pa3He .. HaH60JJee no.1Ho .:.irn BonpochI ocsemeHhI s MO
HOrpa<t>H'IJ:ecKoM HCCJie.LI:OBa'HHH B. r. 36eHOBlftta 78.
BonpocaM H3ytteHH51 ycaTOBCKHX.. naMHTHHKOB H HX HHTepnpeTaU,HH
3HatJHTe.'IbHOe BHHMaHHe y.ue.neHo B pa6ornx 3apy6e)!{HbIX HCCJie,n:oBaTeJieH
·B ·CB51'3H c. perueHHeM s.alJKHblX :3TH•O-JJ:.C'DOpttqe6KHiX .npo:6J1eM .u·p·e11mei11rne:H
HCTO~Hn !Oro· BocrntIHOH EBponhI 79• Bo.nee rnnpoKoMy 03HaKOMJienmo MH·
POBOH HCTOPHlfecKoli nayKH c ycaroscinM KOMn.'IeKCOM crroco6crBosa.1a
TaK)!{e rrocemem1e naMHTHHKa KPYIIHbIMH 3ana.n:noeBponeiicKHMH ytteHbIMtt
(A. H. Ta.'IbrpeH, r .. Po3eH6epr, T. Cym1MHpCKHH H ,n:p.).
0.n.naKO, HeCMOTPH Ha MHOfOJ!eTHee irnyqeHHe naMHTHHKOB ycaTOBCKO
ro TH•IIa, PH!l. npo6JieM B. HCTOpHH ycaroBClrnx IIJieMeH OCTaeTCH HepellleH"
HhnI. OtteHb Ba1KHbl n rpe6y10T .n:a.'lhHeillllen pa3pa6orKH Borrpochr nepno
!lH3a1urn H 0THOCHTe'.1J.bHOH XpOHOJIOflUI. 0THOCHTe.'lhHa5l xp0Ho.'Iorm1 yca
TOBCKH~ na¥HTHHKOB, npe)J,.'IO}l{eHHaH B. r. 36eHOBHl{eM,. HY)l{JJ.aeTCH B
JJ,aJihHen_111eM YTOtiuemrn 80
• He pellleHbr Bonpochr xpoHoJiornqeCKHX cooT
norneHHH Me1K,IJ,y JJ:BYMH ycaTOBCKHMH KypraHHbIMH rpynnaMH, KypraHHbI
MH H rpyHTOBblMH MOfHJibHHKaMH, orcyrcrnyeT xpoHOJIOrHIJeCKaH JJ:Hcpcpe
peHnnau1rn OT,IJ,eJibHhIX rpynn rrorpe6eHHft. Bee eme He onpe,n:e.1en aHTpo
noJiorn4ecKHM THII JiIO,IJ,e:H, OCTaBHBillHX ycaTOBCKHe . rraMHTHHKH; aHtporro
J!OfHl{CCKHe MaTepHaJlbI B 60.1IblIIHHCTBe CBOeM He o6pa6oTaHbI H He ony6-
JIHKOBaHbl, 3a HCKJIIoqeHHeM .n.ayx 4epenoB ITJIOXOH coipaHIIOCTH H3 fl yca
TOBCKOro rpyHTOBOro MOrHJ!bHHKa 81 • Ll,o CHX nop He Ham.nn ,!J,OJIJKHOfO ap
ry,MeHTHjp{l!BaJJ>H·Clro ·pe!IlleHH1H IB'°1I.J.1P·OCbl, •CIB15l33H·Hble c )l{HJibl·MH f!WMITTJI-eK:caMH
Ji caTOBCKoro H . MaHUKOro noce.1emiii, Ha3HaIJeHtteM «3araJl,OIJHbix kopH,llO·
pOB» B YcaTOBO 11 pBoB Ha MaHUKOM rroceJieHHH. HMeHHo B noM HanpaB
.1eHHH ,lJ,OJI)KHbI HJl.TH JJ,a,1IbHeHillHe HCCJie,n:oBaHHH rraMHTHHKOB ycaTOBCKO·
ro THna. KaK rroRa3aJIH pacKOIIKH, rrpoII3Be,n.eHHhie Q,B.eCCKHM apxeo.'Io·
rHIJeCKHM My3eeM B 1974 r., nan6oJiee rrepcrreKTHBeH B .3TOM OTHOIIlemrn
KOMITJieKc ycaTOBCKOrO Tuna, BKJI!OtJ3IOIUHH rroceJiefrne H MOfHJibHHK y
c. MaHKH 82•
7~ B. r, 3 6 e HOB ,~II. ~e~aMfarn y~aTiBCbKOro THIIy. ApxeOJiorisi, T. XX!. K, 1984,
c. ~~· er o_ JK e .. EiHewr:T ITrnH:'!•Ho-3ax1·nHoro npn'lopHOMOp'll. MaTep:,a.1'H 3 aHTporro
JIOrU YHiparnH, ann. 7. K., 119713, . c. 75-77; er o JK e. IToaJlJHeT:plllrr-0,1bcKl!e rrw'l·eMel!a
CeaepHooo ITpnqepOOM•O'.PbH. K, 1974; T. r. Mo B III a. O ceaepHoft rpynrre rroanHeTpll·
Il0..1bOKllX naMHTHH!KOB. CA, 19'71, N2 I, c. 31!-54; E. H. q e p ,H bl x. a npe1meflmHx
oqarax .. ,, c. 29.
77 V !· Du m!i •tr. e.s. cu.. Consiolerations et donnee nouve!Ies sur. Je probleme du
synchromsme des c1v1hsattons de Cu..:uteni et de Gumelnita. - Dacia VIII 1964
c:53-66; J. Nestor.. Istoria Rumunia, 1~65, ~· 1,5; B. r. 30~HOBH'l. KepaMi~a yea:
TIBCbKoro Tttrry .. ., c. 76, e r o. JK e. EHe(K'llT TI1aH1t:JHo-3axl;:r,Horo Tipn'lopHOMOIJl'll · c 76·
er 0
78
JK e. ITosnHeT:panoJibCKHe nJietl\JeHa CeBepHoro ITpw1epHOlM-Opbll .. ., c. 103. ' · '
11<974. B. r. 3 6 e H 0 B iH t:f. TiosnHe1'pHrr0.1bCKIHe n.~eMeHa CeaepHoro ITpnqepHoMOpbH. K.,
79 1:· Su Ii mi rs kL Corded Ware and Globular Amphore North-East of the
Carpatluan~. Lond~n'. 1968,. c. 79-82; e :-0 RU. Prehistoric Russia. London, 1970,
c. 1~0-:181, L. K 1I1 an. Schnurkeram1k und Ockergrabkultur SMYA 59 No 2
Helsmk.1, 1957, c. 35~41, 50--52; M. G i m but.as. Notes of the Chrorio!o' ·and
Expansion of the Pitgrave Culture. L'F.urope a lafin de l'age de Japietre giraha
1961, c. 198. . '
60 I . · . '
81 B. r. 3 6 e H -0 B H 'l. TioanHerpHnO~'IbCKHe n.1eMeHa .. ., c. 131-134.
r. fl 3 !I He B H 'l. · .. TiaJieOaHTPOIIOJIOPH'leCKiHii Marepna./I H3 YcaTOBc!roro MOrH.'Ib·
HHKa82 - KCOr A.1\-1 aa. li964 r. Onecca, 1964, c. 124-128.
K. B. 3HHbKOBCKHii, S. <I>. ITaToKo,Ba. OT11eTo" o pa
y c. MallKl!. _ Hayt:JHhIH apxmi HA AH YCCP. · · u 1x. · ·HHbtX pacKonKa.x;
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6pOH3hI no.11yqaJIH IIOR'lac caMoe neo*HAaHHOe HCTOJIKOBaHHe. TaK,
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K qHcJiy orrenHa.'lbHblX CKHcpCKHX HOLK.CH AJIH CKaJib1IIHpOBaHHH, OIIHCaHHbIX
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