О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья
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Datum: | 1976 |
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Sprache: | Russian |
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Одеський археологічний музей НАН України
1976
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Schriftenreihe: | Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
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Zitieren: | О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья / И.Л. Алексеева // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 176-186. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — рос. |
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irk-123456789-1710582020-09-09T01:26:11Z О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья Алексеева, И.Л. Полевые исследования и публикации 1976 Article О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья / И.Л. Алексеева // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 176-186. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — рос. XXXX-0126 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/171058 ru Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья Одеський археологічний музей НАН України |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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DSpace DC |
language |
Russian |
topic |
Полевые исследования и публикации Полевые исследования и публикации |
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Полевые исследования и публикации Полевые исследования и публикации Алексеева, И.Л. О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
format |
Article |
author |
Алексеева, И.Л. |
author_facet |
Алексеева, И.Л. |
author_sort |
Алексеева, И.Л. |
title |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья |
title_short |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья |
title_full |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья |
title_fullStr |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья |
title_full_unstemmed |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья |
title_sort |
о древнейших энеолитических погребениях северо-западного причерноморья |
publisher |
Одеський археологічний музей НАН України |
publishDate |
1976 |
topic_facet |
Полевые исследования и публикации |
url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/171058 |
citation_txt |
О древнейших энеолитических погребениях Северо-Западного Причерноморья / И.Л. Алексеева // Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья: Сб. научн. тр. — 1976. — Вип. 8. — С. 176-186. — Бібліогр.: 28 назв. — рос. |
series |
Материалы по археологии Северного Причерноморья |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT alekseevail odrevnejšihéneolitičeskihpogrebeniâhseverozapadnogopričernomorʹâ |
first_indexed |
2025-07-15T06:26:19Z |
last_indexed |
2025-07-15T06:26:19Z |
_version_ |
1837693172963082240 |
fulltext |
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pmKhe. .KCHA, shin. 1 I. K., 1961, c. 25, pnc. 4, 9.
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: R H. II. a 11HJIe11 Ko. 9HeoJIHT YKpaHHbl. K.. 1974, c. 99, pHc. 66, 8.
T. :f. 0 ·6 o JI n ye B a. Ky,praH 9110lm 6poll'3bl !Ha p. Kora.11b'Hill'K. ~ H(J18. Momt.
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N2 78: M., 1960. rpHc. 22, 3.
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21 B. H. n: a H H JI ea Ko. 3HeoJJHT YKpallHbl, c. 69.
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6o.11,Ka-PoMa·HO£Ka. - 300I1Ll, T .. XXXII. Qu,ecca, 1915, c. 1123-145; B. A. r.mpo-:n
u o B. KJiaccmpHKaUHl! norpe6eHHli 0AeccKoro KypraHa. - Or11eT Pocc11licKoro HCTOPH-
11ecKoro MY3efl 3a 1915 r. M., 1917, c. 117.
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CKOro KypraHa. - KCI1A, Bbln. 115. M., 1969, c. 29-38.
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JJ;yHaiJ JI ,ll;HecTpa. - MACD, ebln. 6. 0Aecca, 1970, c. S-115.
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