Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy
In the articles the considered problems of transition of economy of Ukraine are on the innovative way of development. The special attention is spared the use of innovations as a factor of development of the real sector of economy. It is well-proven within the framework of research, that must become...
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Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України
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irk-123456789-240162013-02-13T03:25:48Z Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy Gaydamaka, O.M. Lebid, V.M. Management of innovations In the articles the considered problems of transition of economy of Ukraine are on the innovative way of development. The special attention is spared the use of innovations as a factor of development of the real sector of economy. It is well-proven within the framework of research, that must become main having a special purpose of innovative policy modernization of industrial complex, energy-savings, increase of scientific and technical and intellectual potential. Key words: innovative sphere, innovative activity, innovative policy, innovations, management knowledges. У статті розглянуто проблеми переходу економіки України на інноваційний шлях розвитку. Особлива увага приділена використанню інновацій у якості чинника розвитку реального сектора економіки України. В рамках дослідження доведено, що головними цільовими орієнтирами інноваційної політики повинні стати модернізація індустріального комплексу, ресурсозберігання і енергозбереження, примноження науковотехнічного та інтелектуального потенціалу. Ключові слова: інноваційна сфера, інноваційна діяльність, інноваційна політика, інновації, інноваційна інфраструктура, управління знаннями. В статье рассмотрены проблемы перехода экономики Украины на инновационный путь развития. Особое внимание уделено использованию инноваций в качестве фактора развития реального сектора экономики. В рамках исследования доказано, что главными целевыми ориентирами инновационной политики должны стать модернизация индустриального комплекса, ресурсосбережение и энергосбережение, приумножение научно-технического и интеллектуального потенциала. Ключевые слова: инновационная сфера, инновационная деятельность, инновационная политика, инновации, управление знаниями. 2010 Article Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy / O.M. Gaydamaka, V.M. Lebid // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2010. — № 4(22). — С. 222-225. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/24016 330(477):330.341.1 en Економічний вісник Донбасу Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
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Management of innovations Management of innovations |
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Management of innovations Management of innovations Gaydamaka, O.M. Lebid, V.M. Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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In the articles the considered problems of transition of economy of Ukraine are on the innovative way of development. The special attention is spared the use of innovations as a factor of development of the real sector of economy. It is well-proven within the framework of research, that must become main having a special purpose of innovative policy modernization of industrial complex, energy-savings, increase of scientific and technical and intellectual potential. Key words: innovative sphere, innovative activity, innovative policy, innovations, management knowledges. |
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Article |
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Gaydamaka, O.M. Lebid, V.M. |
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Gaydamaka, O.M. Lebid, V.M. |
| author_sort |
Gaydamaka, O.M. |
| title |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy |
| title_short |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy |
| title_full |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy |
| title_fullStr |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy |
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problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of ukrainian economy |
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Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| topic_facet |
Management of innovations |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/24016 |
| citation_txt |
Problems of innovative activity development in the real sector of Ukrainian economy / O.M. Gaydamaka, V.M. Lebid // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2010. — № 4(22). — С. 222-225. — Бібліогр.: 6 назв. — англ. |
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Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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| fulltext |
222
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
O. M. Gaydamaka, V. M. Lebid
Rising of the problem. The successful forming
of the innovative sphere is a result of foremost, political
and social terms which are folded in the society that is
why role of the Government in solving of the problem
which is rising up is determining. It includes forming of
effective innovative policy, correct determinations of its
priorities, strategy and mechanisms embodiments which
must be concentrated on technological update on
improvement and enrichment of personnel’s
qualifications, on satisfaction of market’s demand in the
products of high scientific and technological level.
To improve the economical situation in Ukraine it is
necessary that an innovative policy to become basis of
state conception of long-term socio-economic
development of the country. The main goals of innovative
policy must be modernisation of industry, preserving
country’s natural resources, increasing and developing
of scientific potential of Ukraine.
The importance of researching a problem of national
innovative sphere development is conditioned at first, by
the necessity of scientific ground of directions of
transition from raw material industrial economic
development to the innovative type of development of
national economy. Secondly, by the world economic
processes of integration and globalization, which are
orientated on modern science, technology, human skills
and productions which determine the competiveness of
Ukrainian economy and possibility of development in the
dynamic world of present century.
The analysis of the problem mentioned above is
lighted up in works of foreign and national scientists like
P. Druker, G. Mensh, Y.Shumpeter, O. Vasilenko,
M. Zavlin.
The main purpose of scientific research is to
analyze a problem of development of innovative activity
in the real sector of Ukrainian economy. To achieve this,
it is necessary to carry out the analysis of structure and
types of innovations, define intercommunications of
technological and economic potentials of innovations.
Exposition of main material of research. Recent
reforms which were conducted in Ukraine for some time
now were mainly directed on changing of relations of
private property, types and forms of businesses and
market infrastructure. Thus innovative potential was
actually eliminated from a number of strategic government
priorities, and problem of forming of innovative sphere
which provides the update and improvement of
production, issue of competitive products, and efficiency
of the national economy were on quite a poor and low
level. It resulted in substantial reductions of domestic
scientific and technical potential, the state of which today
is poor.
Progressive reduction of scientific potential from a
world level without the lead through of radical changes
is unavoidable. Absence of strategic priorities in
development of science produces negative tendencies in
development of all components of national scientific
potential.
The place of the country among a world association
in a great deal depends on the state of innovative potential,
its ability to generate scientific knowledge and take them
to practical realization. At this time Ukrainian share in the
world market of scientific products is less than one per
cent. At the same time the volume of world market of
scientific products is estimated in 23 billions US dollars.
At this figure, USA share is 39% , Japan is 30%, Germany
is 16% share. Development of the Government program
on the increase of innovative potential of the country can
become the important factor of steady socio-economic
development of Ukraine.
Innovative activity must be effective on each of the
stages “research cycle-production-realization-after
service”. The theoretical ground of reasons and possibility
of successful realization of innovative processes in the
period of passing to the next stage of economic
development gives Shumpeter [2]. Practical introduction
of innovation is carried out in the field of production as a
result of new scientifically organizational combination of
production factors
Efficiency of innovative activity also to a great extent
depends on what phase of cyclic development the
macroeconomic system and its industrial sector are in.
Innovative activity will be able to work in domestic
economy effectively only in case that personal interest
of businesses in innovations will be created.
In modern terms pre-eminently an intellectual capital
УДК 330(477):330.341.1
O. M. Gaydamaka,
PhD (Economics),
V. M. Lebid,
PhD (Economics), Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University,
Ukraine
PROBLEMS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT
IN THE REAL SECTOR OF UKRAINIAN ECONOMY
223
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
O. M. Gaydamaka, V. M. Lebid
presents a major value for the shareholders of the
company and efficiency of the management depends on
quality of management of this current assets. In a concept
“Current assets” and “efficiency of management of
current assets” should be included investments in
intellectual capital, trade mark, qualifications of manager
and personnel, corporate culture etc. Successful
companies, the leaders of new economy have adopted
the new practice of management, management of
intellectual assets, new knowledge and skills.
This modern approach to successful functioning in
a new economy comes from the analysis of differences
of differences of administrative practices in an industrial
economy.
There are few types of traditional administrative
practices in an industrial economy:
• price and non-price competition policies for
existing markets;
• cost cutting dew to introduction of new
technology;
• confluence and absorption for the capture of
markets and technology;
• exit from the second rate sphere of activity for
the sake of concentration of efforts and resources in a
sphere where a firm has key jurisdiction.
In the conditions of new economy these rules of
administrative practice are also present, however the
purpose of strategic management is forming of capacity
to respond to innovations which create a cost for the
users of products and services, are based on principle of
“Just in time knowledge” and “Knowledge is exact in
time“ Identifying an innovation is conducted not from
position of technological perfection but from point of
accordance with business strategy where a highest cost
is brought by an innovation which creates new markets
Modern basis of innovations is skilled management
of knowledge which is a concept far more difficult than
just a combination of information, theory or practical
experience. The solving of strategic problem of the use
of knowledge for the firm appears to be more complex
task than management of tangible assets, financial or
labour resources. Realization of the strategy of knowledge
management allows companies to start innovative
process long before their competitors.
Conception of strategic management, except of
identifying strong and weak sides of the company,
assumes the necessity of determination tendency of
dynamic changes of external environment and presents
the special importance for the company which realizes
strategy of innovative development successfully.
The key components of innovative environment of
a new technology are the levels of development of
enterprise, technology and availability of necessary
financial recourses. They require detailed consideration
in order to define a progress of the proper sphere of
innovative environment trend.
A modern enterprise differ not only stimulant
industrial possibilities but also other factors which assist
development of innovative processes. For example,
growth and differentiation of solvent demand, increases
of efficiency of small businesses and individualized
production.
Decline of growth of traditional industry of “Old”
economy, based on mass and serial production stimulates
serious structural changes, changes in sets of values of
different social groups, foremost, young people, towards
self-realization and personal independence, mass
distribution of higher education and other forms of
professional skills development.
It should be mentioned that innovative processes
which are realized in modern economic terms as a
necessary condition of success assume
intercommunication of enterprise, technology, finances.
The external and internal market innovative environment
of a new economy is impossible without close network
co-operations which includes plenty of participants.
The innovative process is very noticeable in new
economy; it results in high increase of new ideas. The
result of these processes is permanent reduction of
innovative and vital cycles of products and services and
appearance of new forms of competition. Thus, new
knowledge got a result of fundamental and applied
researches increase the value as potential source of
additional cost.
The active factor of economic development of the
country, commercialization, creative activity of developers
of new technique, in the conditions of market economy
an innovative enterprising becomes. In economic literature
there are 2 types of enterprise: Classic and Innovative
First model is traditional, conservative enterprise,
when a businessman aims to organise work with a
calculation of a maximal return of resources. It is
considered that pre-eminently within the framework of
classic model conception of management growth of
production is formed, embodiment of which requires time
for the lead through of row of measures due to external
factors for example subsidizing and protectionism from
the side of government.
Second model is called an innovative enterprise; it
is a special type of commercial activity that has a goal of
making profits by creation and active distribution of
innovation in all spheres of national economy. Unlike
classic enterprise, innovative is based on the searches of
new ways of development of the enterprise. It can be
new products, technology, markets, and forms of
management.
224
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
O. M. Gaydamaka, V. M. Lebid
Innovative activity in Ukraine develops in a very
contradictory way. Within last few decades domestic
industry practically does not offer new technology for
going into a world market, majority of the developed
countries in the world work today above forming of new
scientific industries on the base of different areas of
science, creating the innovations of untraditional types.
Innovative activity is divided into two different
models. First is the traditional linear assumes that
development goes from fundamental researches to the
applied development of production and
commercialization, that an innovation is based on the
results of SREDW , the highly skilled specialists are
attracted on the first stages of innovative processes.
Second model is a new interactive in which an
innovative idea is generated on all stages of innovative
cycle, including production and realization. Fundamental
researches are present at all stages of innovative cycles,
on all stages of to the innovative process the specialists
of different qualifications and professions are brought
over [5, p.71].
The problem of not only creation but also
introduction of innovation costs in Ukraine. Majority of
domestic enterprises are engaged in infrastructural,
organizational and marketing changes. More actively the
innovation is used in the realization of new products,
new styles of services. Such activity is not directed on
new technology and require minimum of scientific efforts
and professional skills.
The reason of such situation is the circumstance
that in Ukraine there is a low level of solvent demand on
research work and scientific and technical production
not only from the side of businesses but also from the
Government. Thus, there is a gap and disparity between
the innovative and production side of activity of
enterprises in our economy.
All scientists meet at the opinion, that problem of
crisis of innovations in economic policy which was
conducted from the beginning of the 90th, namely, in
transformation of relations of property in the field of
science and industry. Low interest of the businessmen in
financing scientific researching projects to a great extent
was determined their orientation on the current state of
affairs of market and receiving rapid incomes. [6, p.34].
Many enterprises do not have the program of
strategic development on the basis of advancement to
the market of highly technological product. Numerous
changes of civil law and terms of privatization ,change
of the norms of taxation, transformation of shareholder’s
rights, methods of currency controls have not done any
favour to the economic system, have brought an
uncertainty in future for most of the businesses. In such
a situation the investments in scientific researches even
with a sense of potential return in medium-term prospects
are very risky.
Thus, the Ukrainian enterprises are unable to
become the innovative factor of the proof economical
growth without serious support from the side of the
government.
Measures of transforming economy on the
innovative way of development is needed to be done
immediately, as there is a considerable wearing out of
capital assets, senescence of highly skilled staff,
downstream of highly technological commodities and
increasing reorientation of the economy on the imported
technological base. Scientific potential which is saved so
far allows realizing the strategy of innovative development
declared by the Government.
Economically developed countries are adopting
today innovative way of development. Under innovative
development is understood that all hierarchy of institutes
which can increase human capital augmentation is build.
Therefore, the process of innovative development needs
stimulation of activity in scientific organization , perfection
of ways and methods of introduction, in the real industrial
production of the newest scientific and technical
achievements and providing of harmonious co-operation
between government and businesses. Priorities of public
consciousness behave to their number [6, p.35].
While people do not realize the importance of
innovations and innovative development of the economy,
while they will not to learn to think in innovative way, it
is difficult to suggest that the process will get a dynamic
forward movement. It is difficult to accept that a major
part of our demand in food, electronics, appliances are
in a great deal are satisfied by the import of foreign
commodities. And Ukrainian own industrial products
remain uncompetitive on global market.
Conclusion. To make a model of innovative
development attractive will be possible only when all
citizens, first of all scientist and economists, developers
and businessmen will see the real advantages and benefits
of the innovative process and investments in innovations
for themselves and for the country.
References
1. Гретченко А. А. Инновационная сфера как
предмет исследования экономической науки /
А. А. Гретченко // Проблемы современной экономи-
ки. — 2009. — № 4 (43) — С. 26—34. 2. Шумпе-
тер Й. Теория экономического развития / Йозеф Шум-
петер. — М. : Прогресс, 1982. — 236 с. 3. Иннова-
ционная экономика / под общ. ред. А. А. Дынкина,
Н. И. Ивановой. — М. : Наука, 2001. — 242 с. 4. Ме-
дынский В. Г. Инновационное предпринимательство:
учеб пособие для вузов / В. Г. Медынский, Л. Г. Ска-
225
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O. M. Gaydamaka, V. M. Lebid
май. — М. : ЮНИТИ-ДАНА, 2002. — 368 с. 5. Васи-
ленко В. О. Інноваційний менеджмент: навч. посіб. /
В. О. Васильченко, М. Шматько. — К. : ЦУЛ, Фенікс,
2003. — 440 с. 6. Тарасюк В. М. Инновации — скорей-
ший путь к модернизации страны / В. М. Тарасюк // Не-
движимость и инвестиции. Правовое регулирование.
— 2008. — № 2. — С. 33 — 40.
Gaydamaka O. M., Lebid V. M. Problems of
innovative activity development in the real sector of
Ukrainian economy
In the articles the considered problems of
transition of economy of Ukraine are on the innovative
way of development. The special attention is spared
the use of innovations as a factor of development of
the real sector of economy. It is well-proven within
the framework of research, that must become main
having a special purpose of innovative policy
modernization of industrial complex, energy-savings,
increase of scientific and technical and intellectual
potential.
Key words: innovative sphere, innovative activity,
innovative policy, innovations, management knowledges.
Гайдамака О. М., Лебідь В. М. Проблеми роз-
витку інноваційної діяльності в реальному сек-
торі економіки України
У статті розглянуто проблеми переходу економі-
ки України на інноваційний шлях розвитку. Особлива
увага приділена використанню інновацій у якості чин-
ника розвитку реального сектора економіки України.
В рамках дослідження доведено, що головними цільо-
вими орієнтирами інноваційної політики повинні стати
модернізація індустріального комплексу, ресурсозбе-
рігання і енергозбереження, примноження науково-
технічного та інтелектуального потенціалу.
Ключові слова: інноваційна сфера, інноваційна
діяльність, інноваційна політика, інновації, інновацій-
на інфраструктура, управління знаннями.
Гайдамака Е. Н., Лебедь В. Н. Проблемы раз-
вития инновационной деятельности в реальном
секторе экономики Украины
В статье рассмотрены проблемы перехода эко-
номики Украины на инновационный путь развития.
Особое внимание уделено использованию инноваций
в качестве фактора развития реального сектора эко-
номики. В рамках исследования доказано, что глав-
ными целевыми ориентирами инновационной полити-
ки должны стать модернизация индустриального ком-
плекса, ресурсосбережение и энергосбережение, при-
умножение научно-технического и интеллектуально-
го потенциала.
Ключевые слова: инновационная сфера, иннова-
ционная деятельность, инновационная политика, ин-
новации, управление знаниями.
Received by the editors: 08.10.2010
and final form in 01.12.2010
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