Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects
In the article influence of external effects is examined on the agroindustrial production of Ukraine. It show the dynamics of structural changes of agroindustrial production of Ukraine concerning its separate elements, which serves as investigation of external effects. It states in the article, that...
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irk-123456789-240262013-02-13T03:28:36Z Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects Omelchenko, O.Y. Strategic management In the article influence of external effects is examined on the agroindustrial production of Ukraine. It show the dynamics of structural changes of agroindustrial production of Ukraine concerning its separate elements, which serves as investigation of external effects. It states in the article, that for providing of the positive structural changes of agroindustrial production the exposure of interconnection of structural changes and efficiency of the economic growth are needed. It is recommended for domestic enterprises during process of strategy determination to take into account influence of different external effects. Key words: external effects, agroindustrial production of Ukraine, a structure of production, structural changes. У статті розглядається вплив зовнішніх ефектів на агропромислове виробництво України. Показана динаміка структурних змін агропромислового виробництва України по її окремим складовим, яка є наслідком зовнішніх ефектів. В статті наголошується, що для забезпечення позитивних структурних змін агропромислового виробництва необхідно виявлення взаємозв’язку структурних змін і ефективності економічного росту. Вітчизняним підприємствам пропонується при визначенні своєї стратегії враховувати вплив різних зовнішніх ефектів. Ключові слова: зовнішні ефекти, агропромислове виробництво України, структура виробництва, структурні зміни. В статье рассматривается влияние внешних эффектов на агропромышленное производство Украины. Показана динамика структурных изменений агропромышленного производства Украины по ее отдельным составляющим, которая является следствием внешних эффектов. В статье отмечается, что для обеспечения положительных структурных изменений агропромышленного производства необходимо выявление взаимосвязи структурных изменений и эффективности экономического роста. Отечественным предприятиям рекомендуется при определении своей стратегии учитывать влияние различных внешних эффектов. Ключевые слова: внешние эффекты, агропромышленное производство Украины, структура производства, структурные изменения. 2010 Article Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects / O.Y. Omelchenko // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2010. — № 4(22). — С. 205-213. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/24026 338.432(477).001 en Економічний вісник Донбасу Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
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Strategic management Strategic management Omelchenko, O.Y. Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects Економічний вісник Донбасу |
| description |
In the article influence of external effects is examined on the agroindustrial production of Ukraine. It show the dynamics of structural changes of agroindustrial production of Ukraine concerning its separate elements, which serves as investigation of external effects. It states in the article, that for providing of the positive structural changes of agroindustrial production the exposure of interconnection of structural changes and efficiency of the economic growth are needed. It is recommended for domestic enterprises during process of strategy determination to take into account influence of different external effects. Key words: external effects, agroindustrial production of Ukraine, a structure of production, structural changes. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Omelchenko, O.Y. |
| author_facet |
Omelchenko, O.Y. |
| author_sort |
Omelchenko, O.Y. |
| title |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects |
| title_short |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects |
| title_full |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects |
| title_fullStr |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects |
| title_sort |
structural changes of agroindustrial production in ukraine: the impact of external effects |
| publisher |
Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| topic_facet |
Strategic management |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/24026 |
| citation_txt |
Structural changes of agroindustrial production in Ukraine: The impact of external effects / O.Y. Omelchenko // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2010. — № 4(22). — С. 205-213. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
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Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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1836594890502307840 |
| fulltext |
205
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
Agro-industry is an important part of the economy.
Its progress directly affects the level of national welfare
and food security. At the present stage of Ukrainian
economy development agro-industry is exposed to many
external effects, often adverse, and in consequences it
could change its structure. External effects or
externalities are so called external effects of unregulated
markets, which have an influence on the economic entity
as a result of activity or transactions where this entity
opt out. The main tenets of the theory of externalities
were formed in the works of foreign scientists such as
R. Koas, A.Pigou, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, A.I. Borodin,
O.F. Balatsky, A. Golub, A.A. Gusev, M.L. Kozeltseva,
etc. These effects can both possess positive and negative
character [4]. One can single out more than one major
negative externalities, which can undergo agro-industry:
1) the negative impact of one part of agricultural
production on another part of it; 2) the negative impact
of agricultural production on another sector of the
economy; 3) activities in non-agricultural sector could
have a negative impact on agricultural sector.
The dynamics of changes in the structure of
agricultural production in Ukraine under the influence of
external effects can be traced through individual
components of its structure. One of the major components
of the agricultural structure is the human factor, as it plays
a decisive role in the development of economic activity,
improving of its organization and management. According
to a statistical digest of Ukraine agriculture on the number
of employed agriculture ranks third place (16% of total
employment) after the trade, hotel and restaurant sector
(23%) and industry (18%) (fig. 1).
The high share of employment accounts for by the
fact that agriculture is one of the most important sectors
of the economy of any state. However, despite this, the
number of employed population in agriculture does not
increase, but from year to year declines, while total
employment grows (fig. 2).
One can observe the trend of increasing the number
of people employed in construction, services (trade, repair
of motor vehicles, household appliances and personal goods,
the activities of hotels and restaurants (fast pace), transport
and communications, financial services, real estate, rentals,
services to individuals ) and social (education, health, social
УДК 338.432(477).001
O. Y. Omelchenko,
Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Ukraine
STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE:
THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL EFFECTS
Fig. 1. Number of employed population by economic activity
O. Y. Omelchenko
206
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
care, community and personal services, the sphere of culture
and sports — a little slower), but the number of people
employed in industry and agriculture is declining. This
dynamics can be attributed to the general trend of population
urbanization. Urban enterprises and service facilities are more
competitive than agricultural enterprises. Possibility of better
living conditions, better wages in town (the average wage
of agricultural workers in comparison with the average salary
in general in all sectors of the economy is growing
disproportionately — every year the gap between these rates
increases (fig. 3)) and the prestige of urban life creates an
external effect by urban enterprises and facilities services
for agricultural enterprises, as it diverts a lot of labor force
from them.
Agricultural enterprises are in need of formation of
the agrarian labor market, which would provide the
companies with key workers of mass occupations [1],
as well as to balance supply and demand of manpower
resources, to improve working conditions and quality of
life in rural areas, to form a more prestigious image of
agricultural labor.
Another important component of the agricultural
structure is land and land relations. In Ukraine, the
agricultural lands account for 71% of the total land area
of the country (data at the end of 2008). Structural
changes in property relations at the expense of the
permanent assets of agricultural production, land use and
land relations, forms of management are also involve
changes in the structure of agricultural production.
Reforming of the collective agricultural enterprises
Fig. 2. Dynamics of the employed population in agriculture sector relative to total employment
Fig. 3. Nominal average monthly wages of agricultural workers in comparison with the level of wages in general
in all sectors (UAH)
O. Y. Omelchenko
207
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
and privatization of state enterprises on the basis of private
property in the village offers a choice of economic activity
forms and the formation of a private owners’ class. It
also solves the problem of land ownership and its
implementation in the system of industrial relations of
the agricultural sector [3]. Despite the fact that agriculture
is one of the most important sectors of the economy and
agricultural lands occupy most of the entire country, the
total area of agricultural lands of both enterprises and
citizens have been decreasing since 1990 (tab. 1).
Reduction rate of agricultural lands was increasing
till 2000 (reduction from 1990 to 1995 was 601.8 thousand
ha, and from 1995 to 2000. — 2351.2 thousand ha), and
then began to decrease (from 2000 up to 2005 — 1382
thousand ha, since 2005 until 2008 — 435.6 thousand
ha). A similar trend was to be observed in the structure of
sown areas of crops (from 1990 to 1995 sown areas
decreased by 1443 thousand ha, from 1995 to 2000 — by
3790 thousand ha, from 2000 to 2005 — by 1129 thousand
ha and since 2006 a growth trend is observed). This can
be explained by the transition to the crop production in
agriculture, creating of institutional and legal framework
of agricultural production and positive changes in it in the
early 2000”s. Several legislative acts were adopted during
2000-2002 concerning the functioning improvement of
food markets, the prohibition of administrative interference
in the interregional movement of agricultural products,
building of marketing infrastructure and organization of
agricultural service cooperatives [3].
If to consider the structure of agricultural land by
categories of landowners, one may note that the share of
agricultural enterprises (both state and private) in total
area of agricultural lands is decreasing, while the
percentage of civil landowners and land users is growing.
Most of them occupy the commodity production and
private farming.
In a market economy, land is a commodity which
is constantly increasing in price that is one reason for
increased cost of agricultural output and inflation at the
consumer market. In all countries land as natural resource
is public property regardless of their ownership. The state
conducts environmental activities, provides funds for
maintenance of soil fertility. In order to solve the growing
environmental problems in the agricultural policy of
developed countries an independent branch was formed
— sustainable development of rural areas. Organization
of land administration system under circumstances of
private property requires higher transaction costs than
under the state ownership of land. However, despite
improvements in the legal framework regarding private
land ownership, agricultural market participants feel the
incomplete process of the legal and institutional
framework formation, especially concerning the
protection of private property rights, access to objective
information on market prices, antimonopoly regulation
and unnecessary transaction costs [3], which are caused
by external effects in activities of agricultural enterprises.
Material and technical basis, as a structural part of
agricultural sector, takes into account the availability and
adaptability of production space, age of the equipment,
and compliance of available material resources with
production program. Qualitative composition of
manufacturing facilities and its provision of agricultural
enterprises have a direct impact on the structure of
agriculture itself. Objective evaluation of their formation
process creates prerequisites for the intensification of
production, the sustainable development of the enterprises,
the living standards improving of rural population. The
problem of the formation and usage of fixed assets acquired
special importance in connection with the acceleration of
scientific and technological progress, increased competition,
the influence of external effects and changes in the market
of raw materials and finished products of companies in
agricultural sector and related industries.
The cost of fixed assets has been declining until
2008, while the total value of all assets in the overall
economy grows (fig. 4). This can be explained by the
strong physical and moral deterioration of the material
and technical agricultural base, lack of production
facilities, buildings, machinery, equipment, etc., as well
as inadequate investment in the agricultural sector. Only
since 2008 one can observe a tendency of the fixed assets
increasing in the agricultural sector.
However, the cost of the fixed assets in agriculture
in 2008 occupies only 3% of the total assets value in the
economy (fig. 5). Its share in total value of fixed assets
in economics since 2001 has decreased by 7.2%.
An actual problem of the agricultural sector
Table 1
Area of agricultural land by categories of landowners and land tenants (thousands ha)
1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Agricultural enterprises,
including:
38705,4 35184,0 29878,0 23502,4 22116,7 21199,1 21047,0 21019,3
— non-state 28778,0 28068,2 28030,1 22213,7 20886,5 2022 ,1 19941,4 19954,4
— state е 9927,4 7115,8 1847,9 1288,7 1230,2 1177 ,0 1105,6 1064,9
Citizens 2669,0 5588,6 8543,4 13819,3 14922,7 15602,4 15707,7 15584,5
Total 41374,4 40772,6 38421,4 37321,7 37039,4 36801,5 36754,7 36603,8
O. Y. Omelchenko
208
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
development is to provide the mechanized production for
competitive agricultural products that is sufficient
scientifically-based composition of the machine-tractor
fleet. Available machine-tractor fleet does not meet modern
requirements of agricultural production. The agricultural
sector is provided with the main types of farming equipment
only at 48-66% [3]. The number of all types of agricultural
machinery is gradually decreasing. In addition, the lack of
funds for the purchase of spare parts does not allow
performing a sufficient volume of repair works, so the
preparedness of agricultural equipment to the appropriate
season is reducing, and part of the machinery is not used
because of technical malfunctions. There is also not enough
new equipment to replace the decommissioned one. As a
result of the low purchasing power, Ukrainian agricultural
enterprises are forced to buy foreign-made equipment that
was already in use for 3-8 years and by this token technique
of domestic production often have lower specifications.
Due to the reduction of quantitative equipment composition
and decreasing its level of preparedness for work, the load
on one unit of equipment is increasing, which leads to
violations of the farming requirements, time magnifying
for the execution of work and loss of crops. It is therefore
necessary to take urgent measures for improving of the
technical capacity of the agricultural sector and more
efficient use of its potential.
Low share of fixed assets of agriculture in the
structure of fixed assets of the economy in general depend
on low investment in agriculture compared with other
economic sectors (fig. 6).
For the full reproduction of the material and technical
base of agriculture there is high need to renew and buy
annually new equipment, machinery, spare parts and repair
materials. Investment policy plays an important role in
shaping of the technical staff of the fixed assets in
agriculture and agro-industrial complex as a whole. As it
can be seen from fig.6 investment in fixed capital relative
to other agricultural sectors of the economy is much
smaller. According to the 2008 they occupied only 7.2%
of the total fixed capital investment in all economic sectors.
Fig. 4. Dynamics of the total fixed assets value in the economy relative to fixed assets in agriculture
Fig. 5. Fixed assets in the economy by types of economic activity
O. Y. Omelchenko
209
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
There is a significant reduction of investment in
agricultural machinery, agricultural equipment and
manufacturing industries. This can be explained by the
fact that at the present stage of development agriculture
is not a profitable industry, so it’s less risky and more
profitable for investors to enter into agreements with more
profitable nonagricultural enterprises. In this situation one
can speak about the negative externalities which affect
the agricultural enterprises, because enterprises in other,
more profitable industries which operate in the market,
is diverting investment resources away from them. A lack
of getting funds adversely affects the structure of the
fixed assets of material and technical base of agriculture.
Financing sources for the acquisition of agricultural
machinery is also profits and depreciation. However, the
profits of agricultural enterprises are falling, and thus the
depreciation contribution of agricultural producers is
reducing. This is because prices of industrial products used
in agriculture, grow more rapidly than the prices of
agricultural products, as well as increased costs for repair
of obsolete equipment. All this can create negative
externalities for the agricultural enterprises from the part of
manufacturers of engineering products and machine building
plants that benefit from the higher demand to specialize in
the manufacture of machines for other industries. Since
these producers do not specialize in manufacturing
technology and machinery for agriculture, so they do not
tend to improve the quality of agricultural technology and
innovation in this field. This externality will adversely affect
the structure of logistics, engineering and technological
support for agricultural production. It is also necessary to
develop the domestic automobile and engineering industry
by improving product quality and innovation, because the
appearance of strong competitors in the person of Russia
and Belarus, in turn, is a demonstration of the external effect
for the Ukrainian manufacturers.
If one considers the dynamics of change in sectors
of agriculture and the results of their activities, it may be
noted that in 1990-2000 the production of the gross
agricultural production decreased. In 2000-2005 it begins
to increase and stabilize, until 2007 is lowering, and in
2008 there is again increasing (fig. 7).
Agriculture is a part of agro-industrial complex and
includes two main sectors — crop and livestock
production. In the production of major crops according
to croppage index of 2008 an overall increase is to be
observed in gross output of crops (notably — on
indicators of cereals, legumes and sunflower gross
harvest the remaining crop is relatively stable, except for
sugar beet, the collection of which decreases (fig. 8)).
It can be explained by the fact that in recent years,
yields of all crops has increased, and then there is a shift
in the direction of crop development in agriculture
alongside with the increase of the sown areas. The same
trend is observed for the production of basic crop
products per 1 person and for the the gross collection —
by 2008 there is growth in performance of cereals,
legumes and sunflower. The production of other crops
per 1 person is relatively stable except for sugar beet
which production is reducing.
In the structure of animal breeding until 2000 there
was a decrease in livestock, except for hog breeding and
poultry keeping where livestock population, on the contrary,
is growing. Since 2000 due to the implementation of
measures for suspension of the recession in agriculture
and improving of industry’s efficiency [3], one can notice
the slow growth of livestock, whereas generally poultry
keeping is growing, though the cattle population is
Fig. 6. Investments in fixed assets by economic activities (mil. hryvnas)
O. Y. Omelchenko
210
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
Плоды и ягоды
Овощи
Картофель
Подсолнух
Сахарная свекла
Зерновые и зер-
нобобовые
decreasing. If we compare the structure of livestock and
poultry keeping by farm categories, we can note that for
2008 a large proportion percentage wise for all types of
livestock and poultry keeping belongs to the population
enterprises, rather than agricultural one.
Production of major livestock products until 2000
has been declining, but then since 2000 up to 2006 it has
been steadily increasing (fig. 9), and the major share of
livestock manufacture is made up from the production
of honey, eggs and milk, while wool and meat production
is in relatively very small proportion. For the production
of major livestock output per 1 person, the same trends
are naturally determined as for livestock products in
general. The main commodities are milk and eggs.
Gross agricultural output in all categories of farms in
2008 accounts 103,977.9 mil. hryvnas: 62% (64,889.1
mil.) and 38% (39,078.8 mil.) for to crop and livestock
production, accordingly. It should be noted that most of
the gross output collection belongs to population farms —
56112.5 mil. hryvnas (54%), while the share of agricultural
enterprises — 4786.4 mil. hryvnas. (46%) of them are
state-owned enterprises — 1448.8 mil. hryvnas (1,4%)
and non-public entities — 46416.6 mil. hryvnas (44,6%)).
The reduction of livestock population and the
transition to crop development direction create negative
externalities for the agricultural enterprises that specialized
in the production (growth) of feed crops, the construction
of barns and ancillary buildings for cattle. Moreover it
would lead to the increase of demand for fertilizers,
engineering products. So, it’s, as mentioned above, not
always advantageous for enterprises to specialize exactly
in the production of agricultural equipment and machinery.
Fig. 7. Dynamics of gross agricultural output (mil. hryvnas)
1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
150000
Fig. 8. Gross yield of major agricultural crops (thousands tons)
O. Y. Omelchenko
211
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
1990 1995 2000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
Мед, т
Шерсть, т
Яйца,млн.шт.
Молоко, тыс.т
Мясо, тыс.т
The current problem of agricultural production at
present is the problem of further improving of the industry’s
efficiency, i.e. its effectiveness. Summary measure of
economic efficiency of agricultural production is an
indicator of profitability. Basing on the analysis of average
levels of profitability one can determine which products
and which business units provide greater profitability. It
becomes especially important in today’s market conditions,
where the financial sustainability of the enterprise depends
on specialization and concentration of production.
Production efficiency of agricultural enterprises in
Ukraine is not stable. Livestock industry was unprofitable
(in 1995-2004 as well as in 2006-2007) and their level of
profitability during these periods was negative, and in
2008 it was equal only 0.1% (fig. 10). In crop production,
a positive profit and positive rate of return is to be observed
(the lowest one in 2005 — 7.9%, the profit amounted to
900.2 mil.). The most profitable products for 2008 were
grapes (58,8%), sunflower (18.4%), grains and legumes
(16.4%), while products of the livestock industry generally
have a negative rate of return, except for milk, dairy
products (4.1%) and eggs (13%). The rate of return such
as cattle brought in up to 24.1%. The lowest rate of
return was -74.7% (wool).
If we consider the structure of agricultural
enterprises’ production costs compared with 1990, one
can note the upward trend in material costs which were
included in production costs — the cost of feed, seeds
and planting materials, fertilizers, electricity, petroleum
products, fuel, spare parts and building materials,
depreciation, etc. (in 2008 they were 86,7% of total
expenditure on agricultural production, although the
depreciation cost of fixed assets has decreased), and
reduce of labor costs (10,7%). Also there is decrease of
the costs of social events (fig. 11). It had a negative
impact on employment in agriculture.
Fig. 9. Production of major livestock products
Fig. 10. Changes in rate of return of agricultural production (%)
O. Y. Omelchenko
212
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
To improve the efficiency of agricultural production
one should not only increase the output of products, but
also efficiently use it in economy and distribute marketing
channels. Agricultural enterprises are interested in rapid
implementation of its products as it directly affects the
financial condition of the economy, contributes to its
strengthening. Agricultural products can be sold to
processing companies, population, market and other areas.
Directly to the public, it is implemented in very small
quantities, as the key realization areas are processing plants.
In the sales structure a crop production is sold in
Ukraine more than livestock. Throughout 1990-2000
selling of crop production has been decreasing, but then
since 2000 it had an unstable tendency to increase, and
up to 2008 reached a larger volume than in 1990. Most
of the selling structure took grains and legumes. With
regard to livestock production, its selling during 1990-
2000 has been decreasing rapidly, and since 2000 it slowly
began to grow. In its structure the most part took eggs,
milk and dairy products.
The ultimate goal of agricultural production is to meet
the food needs of the population, so it is important to consider
the consumption structure of food products (fig. 12).
As it can be seen from Figure 12 the basic food
products for Ukrainians are milk and dairy products, eggs,
grain products, potatoes and vegetables. Consumption of
meat, fish, livestock, dairy and fish products, fruits occupy
a smaller proportion in dietary intake of Ukrainian citizens
because of their higher price. However, not all nutrients
contained in these products can be fully replaced by other
cheaper food products. Rational nutrition, full and balanced
dietary intake are very important for human health, so the
structure of the average daily consumption of basic micro
and macro elements in the food products has a direct impact
on its health, and it must meet the standards defined by
the Ministry of health protection of Ukraine. Thus there is
a negative externality for consumers due to the deformation
of the interindustry proportions in agriculture and its crop
branch of development. As most of the major micro- and
macro elements are consumed with crop sector products,
and, accordingly, the share of crop sector in total croppage
and sale of products is greater than in cattle sector, it will
affect the price of the final output and consumer choice.
Agro-industry is a vital sector of the economy, which
determines the level of peoples’ welfare. Food independence
of the country is depending on it. The results of the
agricultural production are largely dependent on the state
Fig. 11. Cost structure of agricultural output production
on farms
Fig. 12. Consumption of food products (for 1 person, per year, kg)
O. Y. Omelchenko
213
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (22), 2010
and structure of its resource potential. Resource potential
of the agrarian sector is formed by the interaction of
climatic conditions and basic factors of production
agriculture: the quantity and quality of agricultural lands,
the state of logistics, and availability of labor force employed
in agriculture. The main goal of producers is the profit,
the mass of which would enable to ensure the
implementation of expanded reproduction. Improving of
the economic efficiency of agricultural production is
intended to solve another problem — to ensure the
sustainable development of the agricultural sector in the
country and its regions, its way out of the systemic crisis,
and solving of the pressing social problems of the village.
Innovation measures are very important for the
competitiveness improvement of domestic agricultural
enterprises that require appropriate investment. However,
taking into account the increasing of production’s
deformation and destructiveness, the uncertainty of the
environment, the influence of external effects, as well as
the emergence of new risks in a production environment,
it is not enough for agro-enterprises just to take certain
innovation measures. Structural changes are taking place
in Ukraine under conditions of technologically backward
economy with low competitiveness and susceptibility to a
set of externalities. In order structural changes were a
progressive trend in the development, there is a need to
assess the prevailing proportions, determine the factors
influencing them, reveal the relationship of structural
changes and efficiency of economic growth and
development of high-tech industry [1]. In determining their
strategy domestic companies should consider the impact
of various external effects, determine and identify the
direction of their actions and take measures to prevent
negative externalities and to overcome their negative effects.
Taken together, this will form the structure of the national
economy, stable to negative influences of external effects.
References
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вания трудового потенциала в аграрном секторе /
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экономики. — ИнВестРегион, №3/2009. — С. 53–56.
2. Стратегия структурной перестройки
промышленности / А. Н. Алымов, Н. П. Гончарова,
М. К. Михно, В. В. Лобанов, В. Н. Емченко. —
Институт экономики НАН Украины, 2001. — 196 с.
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тенденції та перспективи розвитку. Інформаційно-ана-
літичний збірник (випуск 6) / за ред. П. Т. Саблука та
ін. — К. : ІАЕ УААН, 2003. — 764 с. 4. Intermediate
Microeconomics: A Modern Approach / Edition 7 by Hal
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Статистичний збірник / за ред. Ю. М. Остапчука //
Державний комітет статистики України, 2009.
Omelchenko O. Y. Structural changes of agro-
industrial production in Ukraine: The impact of
external effects
In the article influence of external effects is examined
on the agroindustrial production of Ukraine. It show the
dynamics of structural changes of agroindustrial production
of Ukraine concerning its separate elements, which serves
as investigation of external effects. It states in the article,
that for providing of the positive structural changes of
agroindustrial production the exposure of interconnection
of structural changes and efficiency of the economic
growth are needed. It is recommended for domestic
enterprises during process of strategy determination to take
into account influence of different external effects.
Key words: external effects, agroindustrial production
of Ukraine, a structure of production, structural changes.
Омельченко О. Ю. Зміни структури агропро-
мислового виробництва України: вплив зовнішніх
ефектів
У статті розглядається вплив зовнішніх ефектів на
агропромислове виробництво України. Показана динамі-
ка структурних змін агропромислового виробництва Ук-
раїни по її окремим складовим, яка є наслідком зовнішніх
ефектів. В статті наголошується, що для забезпечення по-
зитивних структурних змін агропромислового виробниц-
тва необхідно виявлення взаємозв’язку структурних змін
і ефективності економічного росту. Вітчизняним підприє-
мствам пропонується при визначенні своєї стратегії вра-
ховувати вплив різних зовнішніх ефектів.
Ключові слова: зовнішні ефекти, агропромисло-
ве виробництво України, структура виробництва,
структурні зміни.
Омельченко О. Ю. Изменения структуры аг-
ропромышленного производства Украины: вли-
яние внешних эффектов
В статье рассматривается влияние внешних эф-
фектов на агропромышленное производство Украи-
ны. Показана динамика структурных изменений агро-
промышленного производства Украины по ее отдель-
ным составляющим, которая является следствием
внешних эффектов. В статье отмечается, что для обес-
печения положительных структурных изменений аг-
ропромышленного производства необходимо выявле-
ние взаимосвязи структурных изменений и эффектив-
ности экономического роста. Отечественным предпри-
ятиям рекомендуется при определении своей страте-
гии учитывать влияние различных внешних эффектов.
Ключевые слова: внешние эффекты, агропро-
мышленное производство Украины, структура про-
изводства, структурные изменения.
Received by the editors: 20.11.2010
and final form in 01.12.2010
O. Y. Omelchenko
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