Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation)
In 2015 the scientific community of our country will celebrate the 170th anniversary of foundation of the Astronomic Observatory in the Kiev University of St. Vladimir. The article gives a short overview of preconditions of the Kiev University founding (the sixth on the territory of the Russian E...
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irk-123456789-780752015-03-11T03:02:20Z Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) Salata, S.A. Історія галузей та підприємств In 2015 the scientific community of our country will celebrate the 170th anniversary of foundation of the Astronomic Observatory in the Kiev University of St. Vladimir. The article gives a short overview of preconditions of the Kiev University founding (the sixth on the territory of the Russian Empire). The role of the famous astronomer-scientist V.F. Fedorov (the first director) is exposed in decision making on the necessity of organization of observatory. His activity in cooperation with the civil architect V.I. Beretti in the choice of the territory and construction of the observatory as well is also shown. В 2015 году научная общественность нашей страны будет отмечать 170-летие основания при Киевском университете Св. Владимира Астрономической обсерватории. В данной статье кратко изложены предпосылки открытия университета в Киеве (шестого на территории царской России). Показана роль известного ученого-астронома В.Ф. Федорова (первого директора) в решении вопроса о необходимости организации обсерватории. Освещена его деятельность в содружестве со знаменитым архитектором В.И. Беретти в выборе территории и строительстве самой обсерватории. 2014 Article Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) / S.A. Salata // Питання історії науки і техніки. — 2014. — № 2. — С. 33-40. — Бібліогр.: 30 назв. — англ. 2077-9496 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/78075 520.1: 378.4(477-25) en Питання історії науки і техніки Центр пам’яткознавства НАН України і Українського товариства охорони пам’яток історії та культури |
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Історія галузей та підприємств Історія галузей та підприємств |
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Історія галузей та підприємств Історія галузей та підприємств Salata, S.A. Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) Питання історії науки і техніки |
| description |
In 2015 the scientific community of our country will celebrate the 170th anniversary of
foundation of the Astronomic Observatory in the Kiev University of St. Vladimir.
The article gives a short overview of preconditions of the Kiev University founding (the
sixth on the territory of the Russian Empire). The role of the famous astronomer-scientist V.F.
Fedorov (the first director) is exposed in decision making on the necessity of organization of
observatory. His activity in cooperation with the civil architect V.I. Beretti in the choice of the
territory and construction of the observatory as well is also shown. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Salata, S.A. |
| author_facet |
Salata, S.A. |
| author_sort |
Salata, S.A. |
| title |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| title_short |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| title_full |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| title_fullStr |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| title_sort |
preconditions for construction of observatory in the kiev university named after st. vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) |
| publisher |
Центр пам’яткознавства НАН України і Українського товариства охорони пам’яток історії та культури |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| topic_facet |
Історія галузей та підприємств |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/78075 |
| citation_txt |
Preconditions for Construction of Observatory in the Kiev University Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation) / S.A. Salata // Питання історії науки і техніки. — 2014. — № 2. — С. 33-40. — Бібліогр.: 30 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Питання історії науки і техніки |
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2025-07-06T02:15:20Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-06T02:15:20Z |
| _version_ |
1836862009242550272 |
| fulltext |
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИЕМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 33
Ключевые слова: радиоэлектроника, бытовая радиоэлектронная аппаратура, ра-
диоприемники, телевизоры, магнитофоны
Sukhatskyi R.P. Producing of goods wide application in enterprises of radioelec-
tronic industry in Ukraine (1950–1980th years).
In the article the features of development and production of radioelectronics apparatus
of the wide setting in Ukraine in 1950-1980th are regarded.
Influence of social and political and economic position in a country on development of
radioelectronics industry are shown.
The level of development of industrial base and in-quality indexes of radioelectronic in-
dustry are analysed in a marked period of research.
It is shown that next to development of radioelectronics of military-oriented large efforts
were attached for the best satisfaction of pertaining to national economy necessities. Swift de-
velopment of plants of industry allowed already from the beginning of 60th anymore to attract
the enterprises of defensive complex to the production of domestic radioapparatus. Develop-
ing own developments and adopting world achievements they began mass to produce a quality
radioapparatus, that gave an opportunity to go on the international market.
Entering into 80th, radioelectronic industry of USSR already had serious achievements in
the production of medical and dosimetric apparatus, computing engineering and commodities
of folk consumption.
It follows notices that during all investigated period in-process radioelectronic industry
there were present serious defects that touched improper logistical support of plants first of all.
It is also needed to notice that a management work of the separately taken enterprises was often
conducted without the proper analysis of the systems of economic feasibilities of enterprises, that
resulted in numeral miscalculations in organization of productive activity of plants.
Keywords: electronics, household electronic equipment, radios, televisions, tape recorders
УДК 520.1: 378.4(477-25)
PRECONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF OBSERVATORY IN THE KIEV
UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER ST. VLADIMIR (TO THE 170TH ANNIVERSARY OF
FOUNDATION)
Salata S.A.
(Centre of Monumentology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
and Ukrainian Society for Preservation of Historic and Cultural Monuments)
In 2015 the scientific community of our country will celebrate the 170th anniversary of
foundation of the Astronomic Observatory in the Kiev University of St. Vladimir.
The article gives a short overview of preconditions of the Kiev University founding (the
sixth on the territory of the Russian Empire). The role of the famous astronomer-scientist V.F.
Fedorov (the first director) is exposed in decision making on the necessity of organization of
observatory. His activity in cooperation with the civil architect V.I. Beretti in the choice of the
territory and construction of the observatory as well is also shown.
In 2015 the scientific community of
our country celebrates the 170th anniver-
sary of the foundation of the Astronomic
Observatory of the Kiev University named
after St. Vladimir (for now Kiev National
University named after Taras Shevchenko)
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 34
– one of the oldest observatories in
Ukraine and leading astronomic institu-
tions of the country.
On the eve of the anniversary, it is
appropriate to refer to the history of the
foundation of Kiev University and pre-
conditions for construction of Astronomic
Observatory.
Prior to the opening of the Kiev Uni-
versity of St. Vladimir there were two uni-
versities on the territory of contemporary
Ukraine: the oldest – in Lviv (1661) and in
Kharkov (1804) [1, p 250, 254]
Back in 1767 the issue of organiza-
tion of the University of Kiev had risen.
The problem of establishment of the uni-
versity in Kiev was discussed again in the
early 19th century, in 1805, but due to a
number of reasons, one of which was un-
derestimation of polonisation of the Right
Bank Ukraine by tsarist government, this
project was destined to fail for more than
30 years. The catalyst for decisive action
for the establishment of an educational in-
stitution in Kyiv was a suppression of the
Polish uprising of 1830-1831, after which
the tsarist government changed its policy
towards the region. The effect was the im-
plementation of repression measures, such
as closing of schools teaching in Polish
and opening of Russian schools instead of
Polish [2; 3, С. 14-15].
In October 30, 1833 the Minister of
Education, Earl S.S. Uvarov refered to the
Russian Emperor Nicholas I with the pro-
posal concerning his opinion on the open-
ing of the University of Kiev.
The Kyiv University was established
based on the vision of the Minister of Ed-
ucation Earl S. Uvarov, who completely
and clearly defined the purpose and the
goal of education in the southwestern part
of the Russian Empire. The main reason
for the establishment of the University in
Kiev is explained by the previous condi-
tion of education in the region. Until 1830,
all secondary and higher education in the
southwest region was Polish by the lan-
guage and by the main course of study.
And according to the fact that education
creates the intellectual class of society that
are actively involved in all aspects of pub-
lic and political life, it is not surprising
that the whole region reminde d a Polish
province. "Russian language could be
rarely heard on this huge territory" - said
Earl S. Uvarov since there were no nu-
merous Russians standing behind higher
and middle class education.
Polish system of public education
was establish in 1770 by Polish Educa-
tional Commission and then secured in
the province by Tadeusz Chatsky during
the reign of the Emperor Alexander I. Ta-
deusz Chatsky focused all his activities on
establishment of a Gymnasium in Kremi-
nets’. Opposing the opening of the Uni-
versity in Kiev in 1805, he defined a task
to replace Gymnasium in Kremenets’ by
the University for all of the southwest re-
gion. After T. Chatsky’s death in 1819, the
Gymnasium was renamed to Volyn’ Ly-
ceum. In addition to the removal of Russian
language from schools and penetration of
Polish political ideals into education system
it had significant internal defects, one of
which was insertion of old noble lifestyle of
self-governed Rzhech Pospolita into stu-
dent’s life. As a result of implementation of
this educational system there was an active
involvement of students into local politics.
This process had the most powerful effect
on Volyn’ Lyceum and as a result the Pol-
ish movement appeared in 1831. Almost all
educational institutions of in the southwest,
compromised at the time, were closed. In-
stead Russian schools were subsequently
established.
In 1832 after suppression of the Polish
uprising, Vilna University and Lyceum in
Kremenets’were closed. Instead, the Univer-
sity in Kyiv was established [4 , p 21]. From
the government’s perspective the Kiev Uni-
versity had to foster depolonizatsiyi and rus-
sification of the region. In 1833 the decree
was issued on the organization of the new
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИЕМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 35
University of Kyiv established on material
base of the Volyn’ Lyceum. Actually 1833 is
the year of the founding of the Kiev Univer-
sity as an institution of higher education [5 ,
p 217 ]. It was decided to move Volyn’ Ly-
ceum from Kreminets’ to Kyiv and then
convert it into the university that was ap-
proved by its Charter from December 25,
1833 [ 6, p 2-3 ]. Since that time, largest
number of vacancies for officials in the Uni-
versity were replaced, including the Depart-
ments of Philosophy on the Faculty [7, p.7].
With the opening of the Kiev Univer-
sity (6thuniversity in tsar’s Russia) the gov-
ernment firmly held education process in its
hands and in addition monopolized all as-
pects of public life. Family and church as
well as other traditional institutions were
separated from education [3, p 15].
Therefore, the Volyn’ Lyceum that
was later moved from Kreminets’ to Kiev
was undoubtedly a predecessor of the
University of St. Vladimir [11 , p 61-62 ].
The University of St. Vladimir, according
to the Emperor's decree from November 8,
1833, was established to Kyiv, Volyn’ and
Podolia provinces. This institution of
higher education for a long time remained
a cultural center for residents of those
provinces. From this perspective, the insti-
tution replaced the Volyn’ Lyceum with
the only difference that teaching there was
conducted in Russian and it was no longer
a provider of Polish culture [12 , p 47].
One of the reasons for establishment
of the University in Kiev, as stated in the
Jubilee Act of the Imperial University of St.
Vladimir, was to use the power of Euro-
pean science to bring together and reconcile
different elements of population, flatten his-
torical misunderstandings and create ties to
the Southwest region. Kyiv city was chosen
as the focal point of the southwest Rus’ and
the main historic site that established a
powerful Russian state [10, p 12-25].
Preparation for the opening of the
University in Kiev have been deployed
since the beginning of 1834, but problems
could not be avoided. The difficulties en-
countered during the preparation were
provoked by extreme disorder of Kyiv in
1830. In particular, existing buildings
were mainly wooden and located mainly
in Podil or Pechersk. There was no struc-
ture in the city big enough to embrace
such an institution as the University.
Therefore, in the early days the Uni-
versity in Kyiv had room for teaching. Lec-
tures were held in rented private buildings
[9, p 44], where audience was placed and
the Council of the University had its meet-
ing. To provide storage for the library and
collections brought from Kreminets, sheds
and barns were used [8, p 21]. The first
classes at the University of St. Vladimir
started in August, 28 (September 9) of
1834. The Faculty of Philosophy was the
first one that started to work since it had
almost everything required. The Faculty of
Law started to operate a year later [3, p 16].
On July 31, 1837 a solemn laying of a
building of the university took place. In Ju-
ly 1842 the University moved into a new,
yet unfinished building. The university
building was completed in 1843 [5, p 217].
The Charter of 1833 was temporary
and had a 4-year validity. The Charter of
1833 was officially called "a project" even
after its approval [11 , p 66]. In 1838 the
validity of the Charter was again extended
for 4 years. The opening of the Medical
Faculty as well as a number of other im-
portant objectives required an urgent
adoption of a new charter. Therefore, in
1842 a new special charter for the Univer-
sity of St. Vladimir was adopted, while
other institutions had a long operated char-
ter that was general for all Russian univer-
sities. Charter of 1842 was an attempt to
integrate German university orders in Rus-
sian foundation [ 6, p 6].
The moment of the beginning of the
University of St. Vladimir operation is dif-
ficult to determine with sufficient accuracy.
For it, four major events can be considered:
1) Identification of the Russian Emperor’s
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 36
will to create a university in Kiev (decree of
November, 8th 1833); 2) approval of the
Charter and the Personnel of the University
(December, 25 1833); 3) the opening of the
University through a public act (July, 15
1834); 4) the beginning of lectures at the
university (August, 28 1834). Namely, the
legal establishment of the University dated
with December 25, 1833, and factual – with
July, 15 1834 [11, p 9].
Since its activity started with the
opening of lectures, the history and life of
the University should be dated from Sep-
tember 1834 [6, p 2]. During the opening
speech it was mentioned that universities,
in addition to the overall impact on mod-
ern educated people, have a goal to serve
as repositories for monuments of world-
wide success of a human mind. Along
with those monuments historical records
of the University and names of those who
worked for the great deed will be inherited
by grateful successors [7 , p 13].
62 students graduated from the Univer-
sity during the first year of study. Philoso-
phic Faculty, organized as the first one, was
divided into two sections: History and Phi-
lology, Physics and Mathematics. The first
section taught following subjects: History,
Literature, and other humanities; the second
– Physics, Mathematics, Astronomy and
Chemistry. A year later, the Faculty of Law
was opened, and in 1841 – the Medical Fac-
ulty. At that time teaching was conducted in
Russian, French and Latin [9, p 44].
The second section of the Faculty of
Philosophy according to the Charter of 1833
consisted of eight departments: 1) Pure and
Applied Mathematics; 2) Astronomy; 3)
Physics and Physical Geography; 4) Chem-
istry; 5) Mineralogy and Geognosy; 6) Bot-
any; 7) Zoology; 8) Technology of Agricul-
ture, Forestry and Architecture [11 , p 72].
In 1835 the Personnel of the Univer-
sity was approved. According to this doc-
ument Department of Astrology was or-
ganized as a part of the Department of
Physics and Mathematics of the Faculty of
Philosophy. The Astronomy, initially was
taught irregularly by different teachers of
Physics and Mathematics, until the end of
1837 when professor V.F. Fedorov (1802-
1855) came to the department [11, p 72].
The position of a Head of the Department
was vacant for several years. In 1838 he
took the office [8, p 22]/
Vasyl Fedorov graduated from Dor-
pat (now Tartu, Estonia) University in
1827; he was a student of the founder and
the first director of Pulkovo Observatory
V.Y. Struve. Before moving to Kyiv V. Fe-
dorov worked at Tartu Observatory as as-
tronomer and observer, in 1829 he joined
the expedition of F. Parrot and took gra-
vimetric measurement on Caucasus, he de-
voted more than 4 years to determination of
geographic coordinates of a number of
points in Western Siberia [13 , p 72].
In 1838 V.F. Fedorov defended his
doctoral dissertation entitled "On Deter-
mination of Accurate Geographical Loca-
tion of Sites Seen on Significant Dis-
tance", and then he was approved as a
Doctor of Mathematics and a Full Profes-
sor of Astronomy [14, p 796-799; 15].
Since the early 1840’s, teaching of
Astronomy at the University was put on
pretty solid ground. V. Fedorov at that
time was considered to be one of the best
teachers of the department [16 , p 386].
On the Department of Astronomy,
Professor V. Fedorov taught Theoretical
and Practical Astronomy. For teaching of
Theoretical Astronomy, professor used his
own notes, guided mainly by astronomy of
Bonenberher. After an introduction to the
science he explained the rules to operation
with tools to determine time and measure
angles, provided explanation with astro-
nomical terms to apparent rotational motion
of the celestial sphere. Then sections fol-
lowed: a) on the type and shape of the Earth
and of the astronomical refraction; b) on the
proper motion of the Sun and the Moon and
of phenomena, which showed that these
bodies are spherical and in rotational mo-
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИЕМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 37
tion; d) about planets with their moons and
comets; d ) on aberration of light.
Practical Astronomy was taught by
Vasily Fedorovich based on his personal
records and guided mainly by academic
lectures of V.Y. Struve. The professor
taught how to determine time, height of
pole, longitude. At the end of each semester
the teacher organized practical sessions.
Moreover, under his supervision students
were involved in carrying out practical as-
tronomical observations [16, p 441 ].
18th and early 19th century are char-
acterized by great achievements in the
fields of Astronomy and Geodesy, caused
by the need to address important practical
problems, had a great impact on the over-
all progress of human culture. At the time
there was a necessity to establish research
centers in Russia to resolve astronomical
and geodetic problems that would corre-
spond to the urgent needs of a great coun-
try [17, p 20].
Specific feature of Astronomy as a
science is a necessity of systematic obser-
vation and fixation of results, since only
under this condition certain conclusions
about patterns of astronomical phenomena
can be made. This is the purpose of astro-
nomical observatory.
The first university observatory on
the territory of Ukraine was established in
1769 at the University of Lviv [ 18].
The decision to establish an observa-
tory for scientific and research work in
Astronomy was made it time of preopera-
tional work in organization of the Univer-
sity in Kiev, but its implementation was
postpone due to some objectives. One of
these reasons was the absence of expert
astronomers in Kiev at that time [19] After
all, the Astronomical Observatory of Kiev
University was established in 1845 by
Professor V. Fedorov, one of disciples of
the outstanding astronomers of the 19th
century V.Y. Struve (Director of the Pulk-
ovo Observatory) [20, p 15].
In a short time after arriving to Kyiv
in 1838 V.F. Fedorov raised a question of
the establishment of permanent well
equipped astronomical observatory at the
University. During the time of a project de-
velopment and construction, the administra-
tion of the University in 1840 decided to es-
tablish a temporary observatory, designed
by professor V.F. Fedorov [20 , p.23].
In 1838, at the initiative of V. Fe-
dorov, astronomical cabinet was held at
the University. The cabinet consisted of
devices that were transferred from the
Physical and Architectural cabinets [21]. It
also contained instruments that were
brought to Kyiv by V.F. Fedorov in 1838
and tools that he used during expeditions in
the Caucasus and Siberia [ 19; 22; 23].
Those tools contained: chronometers (sta-
tionary of Gaut and handheld of Kessels),
mirror sextant of Hilbert, scale compass,
barometer, midday tube of Oertel. The ad-
ministration of the University counted those
tools as the property of the institution and
allocated to V.F. Fedorov "70 rubles for
their setting, and 225 rubles for establishing
chronometers" [9 , p 62; 24 , p 5; 25].
At the end of 1839 the Astronomical
cabinet included 48 devices suitable and un-
suitable for use. The cost of the cabinet was
5500 rubles in silver [21]. The number of in-
struments was enlarged frequently. Accord-
ing to the archive notes for 1841, the cabinet
contained 51 object for educational and sci-
entific purposes. In addition to the men-
tioned above, It included "10 Azimuth in-
struments, 6 visual tubes, 2 levels, 3 barome-
ters, 4 magnetic tools, model for showing
heliocentric system and planetary motion ,
model for demonstration of the Earth rota-
tion, 12 maps of the sky, 2 general maps of
the lunar surface" [9, p 63].
Astronomical cabinet established by
V.F. Fedorov was useful in the organization
of training for the students. But pedagogical
experience of Vasily Fedorovich proved the
necessity for practical training. He believed
that the astronomic cabinet was insufficient
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 38
basis for practice. Due to the delay in the
construction of a permanent observatory,
V.F. Fedorov decided to build a small tem-
porary observatory, which would allow to
conduct practical classes with students in
appropriate conditions [26].
A temporary observatory consisted
of a platform made of wood and a small
wooden tower on it that would rotate hori-
zontally on 4 blocks. The cost of the con-
struction, by the estimation of architect
Grigorenko, was up to 217 rubles and 54
kopecks in silver [20 , p.23 ].
Construction of temporary observa-
tory was completed in early June 1841 "on
the yard of a captain Cort" [27]. The house
of captain Cort and yard with all buildings
where rented by the University before the
construction of its own facilities was com-
pleted [20 , p 24]. Manor of captain Cort
was locatd in the southern part of modern
Mariinsky Park, on a site where a house
on Hrushevska str., 9 stands now [28].
All the preparatory work for the con-
struction of the observatory was estab-
lished under personal supervision of V.F.
Fedorov. At the same time he had to not
only determine the astronomical location
of the main building, but also personally
participate in its construction.
To design of the observatory and selec-
tion of site for its construction Prof. V. Fe-
dorov considered disadvantages that were
identified in organization of Observatory in
Petersburg Academy of Sciences, settled on
4th to 6th floor of the building of the Cabinet
of Curiosities. Devices installed in the ob-
servatory did not have a strong foundation,
so the traffic vibration caused errors in
measurements. St. Petersburg has many
cloudy days that does not help to conduct re-
search a year round. V.F. Fedorov also con-
sidered the foreign experience of observato-
ries construction, in particular, not to build
observatories in areas where groundwater
comes close to the surface [29].
Since the establishment of a perma-
nent astronomical observatory was pre-
supposed by the project of the university,
architect V. Beretti, who was responsible
for the construction, came up with pro-
posal to expand the street on the opposite
side of which (in front of the main façade
of the University) the observatory was
planned to be built in the shape of the
monument to St. Vladimir. However, after
proposal was discussed on the Council of
the University the architect had to leave the
idea of construction of a separate building
for the observatory. Under the new plan, he
proposed to place it in a circular towers
over the central part of the west facade, fac-
ing to the botanical garden.
V.F. Fedorov reviewed the project
and refered to the University Council with
a detailed representation "On Necessities
of Astronomic Observatory". In the paper
he provided detailed description of what
requirements must the building meet,
where it is better to place it and also puts
convincing objections not to placing the
observatory in the main building of the
University. The University Council con-
sidered the submissions of V.F. Fedorov
and agreed with his proposal. After a long
discussion on the location of observatory V.
Beretta and V. Fedorov made a final
choice: a defensive fortress on the 18th cen-
tury site, on the western outskirts of Kyiv,
Kudryavets’, which is located on a small
hill and surrounded by old rampart on two
sides. The project of the observatory build-
ing was designed by V. Beretti according to
sketches of V.F. Fedorov [30, p 317].
Complicated and contentious process
of establishment of the Kiev University as
a qualitatively new educational institution
created opportunities for organization of
Astronomical Observatory, provided all
preconditions for its construction. Though
all time of observatory operation scientific
achievements and activities of astronomers
in almost all fields of astronomy – from
astrometry to cosmology – were recog-
nized worldwide and continued by the cur-
rent team of the research center.
ІСТОРІЯ ГАЛУЗЕЙ ТА ПІДПРИЕМСТВ
ПИТАННЯ ІСТОРІІ НАУКИ І ТЕХНІКИ 2014 № 2 39
NOTES
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Салата С.А. Предпосылки строительства Астрономической обсерватории Ки-
евского университета Св. Владимира (к 170-летию основания).
В 2015 году научная общественность нашей страны будет отмечать 170-летие
основания при Киевском университете Св. Владимира Астрономической обсерватории.
В данной статье кратко изложены предпосылки открытия университета в
Киеве (шестого на территории царской России). Показана роль известного учено-
го-астронома В.Ф. Федорова (первого директора) в решении вопроса о необходимо-
сти организации обсерватории. Освещена его деятельность в содружестве со зна-
менитым архитектором В.И. Беретти в выборе территории и строительстве са-
мой обсерватории.
Ключевые слова: астрономия, обсерватория, университет.
Salata S.A. Preconditions for Constructions of Observatory in the Kiev University
Named After St. Vladimir (to the 170th anniversary of foundation).
In 2015 the scientific community of our country will celebrate the 170th anniversary of
foundation of the Astronomic Observatory in the Kiev University of St. Vladimir.
The article gives a short overview of preconditions of the Kiev University opening (sixth
on the territory of the Russian Empire). The role of famous astronomer-scientist V.F. Fedorov
(the first director) is exposed in decision making on the necessity of organization of observa-
tory. His activity in cooperation with the civil architect V.I. Beretti in the choice of the terri-
tory and construction of the observatory as well is also shown.
Keywords: astronomy, observatory, university
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