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| Datum: | 2009 |
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Інститут філософії ім. Г.С. Сковороди НАН України
2009
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irk-123456789-78172010-04-14T12:01:22Z Abstracts 2009 Article Abstracts // Філософ. думка. — 2009. — № 1. — С. 146-149. — укр. 0235-7941 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/7817 uk Інститут філософії ім. Г.С. Сковороди НАН України |
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Інститут філософії ім. Г.С. Сковороди НАН України |
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Abstracts // Філософ. думка. — 2009. — № 1. — С. 146-149. — укр. |
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146 ISSN 0235�7941. “Філософська думка”, 2009, № 1
Viktoriya Berezina — post�graduate student of the philosophical department of National Taras
Shevchenko university of Kyiv. Field of academical interests — hermeneutics, phenomenology,
contemporary western philosophy.
Is Translation a Bridge between Linguistic Worlds? (on the basis of Hans�Georg Gadamer's philo�
sophical hermeneutics)
The paper is intended to study the nature of translation as a phenomenological practice of
understanding. The purpose is to explore Gadamer's way of speaking about translation where�
by translation practice as interpretation can be seen as ontological event. The author focuses
mainly on such central themes regarding translation practice: (a) phenomenology of linguistic
world, (b) boundaries of language, and (c) inadequacy of translation. For each of these themes,
an instrumental theory of language is compared with non�instrumental one drawn from a
hermeneutic approach. There is discussed Gadamer's difference between language and linguis�
tics to explain the coexistence of plurality of languages and unity of understanding that allows
possibility of translation. The paper also analyses important notion of rituality that philosopher
offers to show difference between human language and animal communication. Finally, the
author explores Gadamer's metaphor of a bridge between linguistic worlds that shows possibi�
lities and limitations of translation practice. Translation is not a simple act of word�to�word
reproduction or on the contrary the creation of a new text. Rather it is the transfer of the sense
of what is said with one language in order to say it with another language.
Andrey Bogachov — PhD, associate professor of the philosophical department of National Taras
Shevchenko university of Kyiv. Field of academical interests — hermeneutics, epistemology,
practical philosophy
The Open Political World — the Hidden Democratic Ethos
Plato's formula of the domination of intellect in society implies that only those who have and use
true knowledge of the common good should actively participate in rational politics. Now Plato's
formula legitimizes authorities that rely entirely on expert knowledge. Critics of «open society's
enemies» often assume that the domination of the intellect is a matter of public governing. The
author calls this equality of the intellect's authority and publicity «Habermas' formula», since the
interpretation of the openness of the democratic world as the publicity of the intellect is attrib�
uted to this thinker. This article explores the connection between Plato's and Habermas' formulas
to ultimately show the reasons why philosophy of intellectual domination fails to fully explain
the openness of democracy as a just world. The author uses some ideas of the phenomenology
of the political world that has been proposed by K. Held. The main proposition is as follows: a de�
mocratic society cannot be open if its democratic ethos isn't hidden; justice arises from the unity
of openness and hiddenness, that is, it is not a product of intellectual arguments. There isn't any
reason to attenuate this proposition with Held's idea of the world ethos. In this paper the author
focuses on the ineluctability of the personal and lingual�cultural horizon for political arguments.
Abstracts
Serghey Grigorishin — post�graduate student of the chair of philosophy and religious studies of
the National University of «Kyiv�Mohyla Academy». Field of academical interests — phenom�
enology, philosophy of language, history of the modern western philosophy.
Language as a Phenomenon of Culture in the Context of Evolution of Transcendental Pheno�
menology(on the basis of M. Scheler's phenomenology)
The article is intended to investigate the concept of language as a phenomenon of culture in Max
Scheler's phenomenology. Special attention is paid to analysis of this concept in the context of
phenomenological reductions problems. The author describes the most important part of
Scheler's conception of language, notably his theory of symbols. The role of this conception is
defined by differentiation between the latter theory and Husserl's ideas about the place of language
in the reductions method. The author argues that Scheler's concept of symbols can get round the
obstacles of transcendental and eidetic reductions. Scheler interprets modifications of judgments
only as modifications of individual pronouncements, but not as general pronouncements. It is a
kind of treatment which has an influence upon whole phenomenological procedures, as well as
upon the practice of phenomenological reductions. All these changes showes that phenomenolo�
gy is also possible as a philosophy with a natural standpoint. The ground of such a view is Max
Scheler's concept of language or, to be more precise, his theory of symbols and theory of judgment.
Nelly Ivanova�Georgiyevska — Senior Lecturer at the Department of Philosophy and the Prin�
ciples of the Humanities of the Odessa Mechnikov National University. Field of academical
interests — phenomenology, study of culture, modern German and French philosophy.
Sedimentations of Meanings in Culture and Responsibility of Memory
The contemporary situation of «returning to the source» to search for the main meanings calls for
responsibility of memory. This article aims to explain some problems of formation of meanings
and their performance on the ground of Husserl's and some his followers' phenomenological
methodology, such as schemes and factors of devastation of meaning as a result of the sedimenta�
tions of meanings in the culture. The formation of simulated meanings is connected with such
impacts as linguistic expression of acts of constitution of meanings; factors of memory manipula�
tion; reactivation of meaning completeness through a return to primary meaning. The memory is
a main instrument in the conservation of a true sense of the past. This requires reinterpretation of
historical events and implication of unknown facts in order to overcome the mythologized notions
and apprehensions of the past. In conclusion, the author contends that memory isn't a can of
invariable meanings but is a living organism urged to reactivate and to create adequate under�
standing of history by means of revealing the true senses accessible to the human mind.
Andrzej Gniazdowski — Doctor, professor of the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the
Polish Academy of Sciences, secretary of the Polish Association of Phenomenology. The main
field of academical interests — the relation between phenomenology and political theory, histo�
ry of ideas.
Phenomenology as a Transcendental Theory of the Political World
The main problem of the paper is to what extent the political can become a subject of phenom�
enology as a transcendental philosophy. Its starting point is Ludwig Landgrebe's thesis that
if phenomenology is to be a transcendental philosophy, it is — consistently thought out to an
end — a transcendental theory of history. Referring to this thesis, the author poses the question:
would the meaning of phenomenological transcendentalism not be consistently thought out to
an end only if phenomenology proved its capacity as a transcendental theory of the political? In
order to answer this critical question Landgrebe's thesis is interpreted from the perspective of
Klaus Held's project of a «phenomenology of the political world». The author of this paper
Abstracts
ISSN 0235�7941. “Філософська думка”, 2009, № 1 147
analyses the categorial relationship between both projects and poses two questions in this con�
text: To what extent the problem of the political falls within the scope of phenomenology as a
transcendental theory of history and how far the phenomenology of the political world can be
understood as a transcendental theory of the political.
Vahtang Kebuladze — PhD, philosophical department of National Taras Shevchenko university
of Kyiv. Field of academical interests — phenomenology, ontology, epistemology, social philos�
ophy.
History of the Development of Phenomenological Philosophy in Ukraine
The author briefly describes the history of the development of phenomenological philosophy in
Ukraine from the beginning of the 20th century to modern times. He attempts to show the con�
tinuity of the Ukrainian phenomenological tradition and at the same time the gaps in its evolu�
tion, which are conditioned by socio�political circumstances.
Andrei Lavrukhin — Byelorussian philosopher, PhD, associate professor of chair of philosophy
of the European Humanitarian University (Vilnius, Lithuania). Field of academical interests —
phenomenology, hermeneutics, history of the modern philosophy.
Influence of I. Kant on E. Husserl's Phenomenology
The research aims to show the difference between Husserl's phenomenology and philosophy of
Immanuel Kant. The author focuses his attention on three points, which are fundamental for
Husserl's phenomenology and philosophy of Immanuel Kant: the problem of a priori, the prob�
lem of impression of reason on the sensory perception and the question of the legitimacy of the
categorical imperative. In the spotlight is the question of how independent from the conceptu�
al and methodical presuppositions of Kant's philosophy Husserl is in his attempts to execute the
phenomenological revolution in philosophy� or, on the contrary, how dependent he is on these
presuppositions.
Serghei Proleev — Doctor, President of Ukrainian Philosophical Foundation and Leading
Research Fellow at Institute of Philosophy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Prophetism of Modern German Philosophy: K. Marx and E. Husserl
The author explores the quasi�religious encroachment of Husserl's phenomenology that is gen�
eralized in the notion of «prophetism».
Modern philosophy demonstrates the following paradox: though it declares itself to be
determined by scientific ideal, anyway, realization of this intention causes quasi�religious phe�
nomena and effects. Obviously, the objective truth of thought is attained in order to make pos�
sible the domination of prophetic spirit. This is the specific feature of German modern philos�
ophy, specifically of Husserl's.
The paper discusses Husserl's' analysis of the «crisis of European humankind» and his idea
of the «spiritual Europe» (Vienna Speech, 1935). In order to make evident its specific commit�
ment Husserl's position is compared with Marxist materialistic conception. This is rather help�
ful in underlining the common logic of these two philosophies.
The paper marks out the following elements constituting the prophetic position: primacy
of idea over reality; reduction of reality to privileged ontological instance; radical disparagement
of any other opinion as untrue; emancipation from untruth by way of soteriological practice;
and defining true reality and legitimating one's own philosophy as the way to achieve it. Thus,
both Husserl's phenomenology and Marx's materialistic understanding of history turn into the
messiah able to rescue the world from the captivity of a deleterious existence. Thus philosophy
becomes the propaganda of Weltanschauung.
Abstracts
148 ISSN 0235�7941. “Філософська думка”, 2009, № 1
Aleksandr Timohin — PhD, associate professor at V. Vernadsky Taurida National University,
Philosophy Department. Field of academical interests — practical philosophy, philosophy of
law, history of European philosophy.
The inter�subjective Dimension of Liberalism: towards the Phenomenology of Fraternity
The article is devoted to the phenomenological consideration of the idea of fraternity as a com�
ponent of a liberal doctrine that opens its inter�subjective dimension. The interpretation of lib�
eralism as a political ideology that implies the primacy of the individual over the community is
a consequence of etatism's predominance in continental political philosophy. Etatism in polit�
ical phenomenology is shown by means of analysis of Merleau�Ponti's, Heidegger's, Levinas',
Waldenfels' texts. Being connected with etatism political philosophy's attention to the question
of the best regime leads to elimination of the concept of fraternity from the liberal doctrine,
because its meaning does not «work» in questions of legitimation of authorities. The path to
etatistic political thinking starts from metaphysical understanding of freedom as the subject's
ability to cause things and events. The political analogue of metaphysical freedom is public
activity of a person as a subject of power. Moral freedom in a private life serves as an alternative
to metaphysical freedom. In the political sphere, a person as a participant of the brotherly com�
munity corresponds to moral freedom. Analyzing the phenomenological texts about fraternity
one may come to the conclusion that fraternity is an inter�subjective relation that specifies the
community disconnected with a state. In liberal doctrine such a community is considered to be
a source of political rights that arise from ideas of freedom, equality, and fraternity.
Bernhard Waldenfels — German philosopher, professor, doctor, one of the main representatives
of the modern German phenomenology. He has lectured at the universities of Munich and
Bochum. Now he is retired.
Reflections on the Genealogy of Culture
The author confronts the reader with a fundamental methodological dilemma of the humani�
ties, which can be formulated as the following question: Should we speak about the philosophy
of culture, or rather about cultural philosophy? The author attempts to explain this problem
against the background of the modern situation of globalization.
The second part of the paper deals with the opposition of culture and nature.In the two last
parts of the paper, the author works to present the phenomenological genealogy of culture, in
which an important role is played by the notion of the «stranger».
Abstracts
ISSN 0235�7941. “Філософська думка”, 2009, № 1 149
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