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Міжнародний науково-навчальний центр інформаційних технологій і систем НАН України та МОН України
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irk-123456789-845182015-07-10T03:02:14Z Abstracts 2014 Article Abstracts // Кибернетика и вычислительная техника. — 2014. — Вип. 176. — С. 85-95. — англ. 0452-9910 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/84518 en Кибернетика и вычислительная техника Міжнародний науково-навчальний центр інформаційних технологій і систем НАН України та МОН України |
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Міжнародний науково-навчальний центр інформаційних технологій і систем НАН України та МОН України |
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Abstracts // Кибернетика и вычислительная техника. — 2014. — Вип. 176. — С. 85-95. — англ. |
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Кибернетика и вычислительная техника |
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2025-07-06T11:34:01Z |
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85
ABSTRACTS
UDC: 517.977.56
ON PATHOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS TO
AN OPTIMAL BOUNDARY CONTROL PROBLEM
FOR LINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATION
S.O. Gorbonos, P.I. Kogut
Dnipropetrovsk National University Oles Honchar, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine
Introduction: In this paper we study an optimal control problem associated to
a linear parabolic equation with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions.
We adopt as a control the measurable influence imposed on part of boundary. The
optimal control problem is to minimize the discrepancy between a given
distribution and the solution of the corresponding initial-boundary value problem.
The characteristic feature of this problem is the fact that the matrix of coefficients
in the main part of elliptic operator is non-symmetric and its skew-symmetric part
is unbounded. As a result, the existence, uniqueness, and variational properties of
the weak solutions to such problems usually are drastically different from the
corresponding properties of solutions to the parabolic problem with bounded
matrices in coefficients. In most cases, the situation can change dramatically for
the matrices with unremovable singularity. Typically, the boundary value problems
of indicated type may admit infinitely many weak solutions which can be divided
into two classes: approximable and non-approximable solutions. A solution is
called an approximable if it can be attained by weak solutions to the same problem
with bounded approximated matrix of coefficients. However, there is another type
of weak solutions, which cannot be approximated in such way. It means that the
corresponding optimal control problem may also possess the same properties, i.e.
it can admit the so-called pathological solutions when none of such solutions can
be attained by optimal solutions to regularized optimal control problems with
bounded matrices in coefficients of parabolic equation.
The purpose of this work is to give the example of an optimal control
problem for parabolic equation with unbounded coefficients such that its unique
solution has special singular properties. We show that because of these properties,
a numerical simulation for a given class of optimal control problems is getting non-
trivial.
Results: We prove that under special choice of the matrix of coefficients in an
elliptic operator and the special construction of the right-hand side of the linear
parabolic equation, a unique solution to the original optimal control problem has a
singular character and it cannot be attainable through the solutions of the similar
optimal control problems with bounded coefficients.
Conclusions: We give an example of optimal control problem for which its
unique optimal pair has pathological properties, and show that because of this the
approximation of such solution becomes non-trivial.
Keywords: parabolic equation, optimal control, variational solution,
unbounded coefficient, existence result.
86
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Fields, 1996, vol. 105, pp. 279–334.
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4. Kogut P.I. On Approximation of an Optimal Boundary Control Problem for Linear Elliptic
Equation with Unbounded Coefficients, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series
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5. Vazquez J.L., Zuazua E. The Hardy inequality and the asymptotic behavior of the heat
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6. Buttazzo G., Kogut P.I. Weak optimal controls in coefficients for linear elliptic problems.
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7. Kogut P.I., Leugering G. Optimal Control Problems for Partial Differential Equations on
Reticulated Domains: Approximation and Asymptotic Analysis. BirkhЁauser, Boston, 2011.
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form with continuous coefficients. C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 2009, vol. 347, no. 13–14,
pp. 773–778.
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Pisa, 1964, vol. 3, no. 18, pp. 385–387.
11. Ivanenko V.I., Mel’nik V.S. Variational Methods in Optimal Control Problems for Systems
with Distributed Parameters. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 1988 (in Russian).
12. Salsa S. Partial Differential Equations in Action: From Modelling to Theory. Milan,
Springer-Verlag, 2008.
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13. Gorbonos S.O., Kogut P.I. Variational solutions of an optimal control problem with
unbounded coefficient. Visnyk DNU. Series: Mathematical Modelling, 2013, vol. 5, no. 8,
pp. 69–83 (in Ukrainian).
UDC: 681.5
REGULARITY INVESTIGATION FOR
MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
PROBLEM BY THE FREQUENCY METHOD
S.V. Melnychuk
Space Research Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and State
Space Agency of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Introduction: System identification problems are often ill-posed. Under
certain conditions system identification problems are not well-posed in that the
solution is highly sensitive to changes in the final data This property is the
fundamental characteristic of this class of problems, and holds irrespective of the
solving method. It is studied in detail, for solving by frequency identification
method.
Purpose: The purpose of research is to establish and investigate the conditions
of ill-posed system identification problem rising and propose a regularization
procedure for selected frequency identification method. Method includes the steps
of structural and parametrical identification. The regularization procedure should
provide a suitable choice of the model structure so that the problem of
identification in certain conditions would be well-posed.
87
Results: For the method used, it has been shown how the errors in the initial
data affect the accuracy of the models. On the basis of numerical experiments it
was found, that the main factor affecting the accuracy of the solution is the matrix
condition number of frequency equations. There has been established a
conditionality limit above which makes the problem of identifying an ill-posed
even for exact original data.
For frequency identification method the problem regularity testing procedure
has been proposed. It is based on parameter variation estimation, and carried out
through randomization. It doesn’t requires any additional experiments. On the basis
of the results obtained during the last time segment of the experiment, a variation
area of estimating the eigenvalues of the model are constructed.
Depending on the condition number and the experiment duration, the domains
of well-posed and ill-posed problems have been obtained. Getting into the zone of
stability ensures that the problem of constructing a model in these conditions is
well-posed. Getting into the transition zone requires verification test. In the zone of
instability model is rejected.
Conclusions: The problem of identification of multidimensional systems can
be well- or ill-posed, depending on what is used for baseline data. If the
identification is performed by the frequency method, the main characteristics of the
data are the duration of the experiment and error value. It has been shown that for a
well-posed problem formulation it is necessary that model complexity be
consistent with the error in the initial data. Error value of source frequency data
determines the dimensionality of the models, which can be constructed correctly.
Regularization parameter in this method is the dimension of the model, or, more
correctly, the condition number of the corresponding system of frequency
equations.
Keywords: System identification, ill-posed problem, regularization.
1. Kardashev A.A., Karniushin L.V. Determination of system parameters by the experimental
(specified) frequency characteristics, Automation and Remote Control, 1958, vol. 19, no. 4,
pp. 334–345 (in Russian).
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pp. 37–49.
3. Pintelon R., Guillaume P., Rolain Y., Shoukens J., Van hamme H. Parametric identification
of transfer functions in the frequency domain – A survey. IEEE Transactions on Automatic
Control, 1994, vol. AC-39, no. 11, pp. 2245–2260.
4. Alexandrov A.G. Method of frequency parameters. Automation and Remote Control, 1989,
vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 3–15 (in Russian).
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2-nd Russian-Swedish Control Conference. St. Petersburg, 1995, pp. 65–69 (in Russian).
6. Gubarev V.F., Melnychuk S.V. Identification of Multivariable Systems Using Steady-State
Parameters. Problems of Control and Inf ormatics, 2012, no. 5, pp. 26–42 (in Russian).
88
UDC: 681.513
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONFLICTS IN
KNOWLEDGE-BASED DISTRUBUTED CONTROL
SYSTEMS
V.V. Pavlov, Y.M. Shepetukha
International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and
Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education
and Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Introduction: Main directions in the development of information and
communication systems are both their very fast technological advance and
essential increase in the variety as well as complexity of the tasks they deal with.
But in spite of the tremendous growth of scientific publications in this area, a lot of
important theoretical and practical issues have not been solved yet.
Purpose: Examination of conceptual issues as well as practical ways and
means for most appropriate usage of modern information and communication
technologies to support solving intelligent tasks in the conditions of conflict.
Methods: Artificial intelligence methods, man-machine theory, organismic
conflict resolution theory, theory of deterministic chaos, methods of chaos
synchronization and control.
Results: The principal goal of man-machine interaction is providing support
for intelligent activity in the specific problem domain. This requires elaboration of
efficient algorithms for formation, modification and application of both explicit
and implicit fragments of knowledge. Advanced network technologies could be
used for the creation of effective procedures of configuring and integrating of
various knowledge elements distributed over time and space. System paradigm
based on a net-centric concept allows an examination and effective modeling of
both man-machine and internal applied processes. Such an approach also gives a
possibility for display and examination of essential components for different types
of internal as well as external conflicts within a wide range of situation’s variables
and parameters. It is essential that the development of distributed intelligent
systems should take into consideration not only formalized procedures of
examination and solving of typical conflict situations, but also experience and
skills of effective actions in unexpected environmental conditions.
Conclusion: Development of intelligent systems requires, as a first step,
elaboration of consistent methodology as well as feasible procedures for generation
and structuring of knowledge related to both external and internal elements of
conflict situation. The next step is an efficient integration of these elements into a
single goal-directed system. The promising method to cope with this problem is the
implementation of a net-centric paradigm in combination with the usage of various
types of current situation’s informational images. The proposed approach also
allows an efficient modeling and examination of different kinds of applied
processes.
Keywords: control, distributed system, conflict situation, applied process,
knowledge formation, man-machine system, net-centric concept, integration.
1. Goebel R. Williams M.A. The expanding breadth of artificial intelligence research. Artificial
Intelligence, 2010, vol. 174, no. 2, pp.133.
89
2. Pospelov G.S. Artificial intelligence — the basis of a new information technology. Moscow:
Nauka, 1988. 280 p (in Russian).
3. Pavlov V.V. Fundamentals of ergatic systems theory. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1975. 237 p.
(in Russian).
4. Nonaka I., von Krogh G. Tacit knowledge and knowledge conversion: controversy and
advancement in organizational knowledge creation theory. Organizational Sciences, 2009,
vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 635–652.
5. Zatuliviter Yu.S. Issues of control paradigm globalization in a mathematically homogenous
computer information field. Problemy upravleniya, 2005, no. 1, pp. 2–10 (in Russian).
6. Druzhinin V.V., Kontorov D.S. Radar studies of conflict. Moscow: Radio i svyaz, 1982.
124 p. (in Russian).
7. Pavlov V.V. Conflicts in engineering systems. Kiev: Vyshcha shkola, 1982. 184 p. (in
Russian).
8. Swink M. Speier C. Presenting geographic information: effects of data aggregation,
dispersion, and users’ spatial orientation. Decision Sciences, 1999, vol. 30, no. 1,
pp. 169–195.
9. Gauthier D.J. Controlling chaos. American Journal of Physics, 2003, vol. 71, no. 8,
pp. 750–759.
10. Goodhue D.L., Thompson C.L. Task — technology fit and individual performance. MIS
Quarterly, 1995, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 213–236.
UDC: 004.75+004.932.2:616
PREPARING MEDICAL IMAGES FOR
PROCESSING IN LARGE INFORMATION
STORAGES
O.S. Kovalenko, A.O. Pezentsali, K.K. Tsarenko
International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and
Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education
and Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Introduction: Improvement of working with medical images is one of the
urgent tasks of practical healthcare. Diagnostic equipment provide image in digital
form that require storing, processing and analysis in order to be used by medical
personnel.
Development of information systems has caused occurrence of many data
storage systems such as GRID and cloud, which are not only limited to storing
digital medical images but also allow to process and analyze them. Special-purpose
systems such as PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) are widely
used as temporary digital images storage. PACS is a medical imaging technology
which provides economical storage of and convenient access to images from
multiple modalities. Electronic images and reports are transmitted digitally via
PACS. The universal format for PACS image storage and transfer is DICOM
(Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine).
At the present time use of such systems in Ukrainian healthcare practice is
extremely limited. This is due to the problem of switching from paper to electronic
workflow that is not implemented healthcare facilities.
The purpose is in determination of main conditions, selection of methods and
means of preparing (processing, storing, transmitting and analyzing) medical
images for usage in big information storages on the example of GRID.
Method: In this work the method of hierarchical clustering is used.
Result: Preparing medical images for GRID-environment processing contains
two processes. The first is about organization of software and technical system for
90
image sharing inside the healthcare facility and for image transmission to GRID.
The second process lies in medical images pre-processing.
Three-level medical images processing system based on diagnostic and
treatment system and temporary storage system in healthcare facility and GRID-
system for long-term storage and analysis has been presented. Level functions were
defined, scheme for image transmission and processing in the GRID has been
suggested.
Method of scintigraphic kidney image analysis has been chosen and tested.
Several patients’ kidney scintigraphic images have been processed by the means of
hierarchical clustering to classify patients by the value of pixel data of the selected
fragments of images.
Conclusions:
Suggested three-level system allows regulating medical data of images for
usage in diagnostic and treatment process and transmitting depersonalized medical
images to GRID.
The chosen method of hierarchical clustering could be used as one of the
stages of automated images analysis for grouping of series of patients images by
diagnostically informative attributes.
By analyzing the mean pixel value of five patients’ renal parenchyma and
pelvis scintigraphic image segments authors could divide patients into three
subgroups according to the functional state of the parenchyma and into three
subgroups according to the functional state of the renal pelvis.
Keywords: medical images, GRID, storage and processing, DICOM.
1. Guidelines For Handling Image Metadata [Электронный ресурс]/ Metadata Working Group.
2010 – Adobe Systems Inc., Apple Inc., Canon Inc., Microsoft Corp., Nokia Corp. and Sony
Corp. All rights reserved. Available at: http://www.metadataworkinggroup.org/pdf/
mwg_guidance.pdf (accessed 21 February 2014).
2. EN ISO 12052:2011 Health informatics. Digital imaging and communication in medicine
(DICOM) including workflow and data management Available at: http://www.iso.org
(accessed 21 February 2014).
3. Zhuravlev E.E., Kornienko V.N., Oleynikov A.Ya., Shirobokova T.D. Model of an open grid
system. Journal of Radio Electronics, 2012, no. 12, pp.1–19.
UDC: 681.513; 681.5.08
MODELLING OF HIDDEN FRAGMENTS
POLAROGRAPHIC INVERSION
CHRONOPOTENTIOGRAM OF TWO HEAVY
METALS
A.E. Tatarinov
International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and
Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education
and Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Introduction: Progressing process of environmental pollution by heavy
metals harmful affects on human health. That is why the measurement of the mass
concentration of heavy metals in the environment is an actual task. Currently one
of the most common polarographic methods of measuring of the mass
concentration of heavy metals is the method of inversion chronopotentiometry. To
reduce the error introduced into the method that is associated with the error
91
determination of the mass concentration of heavy metals at their joint inversion is
required to be able to model the hidden fragments intensity curves inversion of
heavy metals. The article considers issues related to the modelling of hidden
fragments of intensity curves inversion of heavy metals.
The purpose of the research is to obtain a model that can more accurately
determine the concentration of each heavy metal in the sample.
The task is to develop a simulation algorithm, which will ensure equality of
area under the original curve of inversion intensity sum of the areas under the
modelled curves for the area joint inversion of the two metals.
Methods: To achieve our purpose we apply the numerical integration methods
(for example, using the trapezoid rule) and linear extrapolation on hidden areas.
Results: The algorithm to approximate simulation of hidden fragments of
inversion chronopotentsiometric process of joint measurement of the mass
concentration of the two heavy metals is obtained which allows realizing an
approximate separation of their mass concentration.
Conclusions: Task of constructing an algorithm measuring the concentration
of each of the two heavy metal with overlapping inversion ranges can be solved
only if the following two assumptions, namely: the nature of the inversion
processes of each heavy metal remains unchanged; displacement of the ends of
each of the intensity curve inversion relative to the ordinate axis is equal. This
allows to provide the approximate equality between the area under the original
curve inversion intensity and the sum of area under the model curves for the plot
joint inversion of the two metals.
Proposed approach to the construction of the algorithm allows practice the
approximate separation of the mass concentrations of two heavy metals on the plot
of their joint inversion and to evaluate the quantitative value of each metal as on
the plot their joint inversion and in the sample as a whole.
Developed algorithm allows to estimate the proportion of concentration on the
hidden plots inversion curve of each of the two heavy metals, thereby increasing
the accuracy of measuring the concentration of each metal.
Keywords: polarography, polarographic chronopotentiogram, modelling,
hidden fragments, heavy metal.
1. Tatarinov A.E., Surovtsev I.V., Babak O.V. The modelling of the Inversion
chronopotentiometric process for measuring the mass concentration of separately taken
heavy metal. USiM, 2012, no. 5, pp. 88–92 (in Russian).
2. Tatarinov A.E., Surovtsev I.V., Babak O.V. The modelling of the inversion
chronopotentiometric process for simultaneous measuring the mass concentration of two
heavy metals. USiM, 2013, no. 5, pp. 84–87 (in Russian).
3. Karnauhov O.I., Polumbrik O.M., Beznis A.T. Surovtsev I.V. The Inversion
Chronopotentiometric Determination of Heavy Metals in the environment. Nauk.-metodich.
rozrobka. Kiev: UGUPT, 1997. 88 p (in Russian).
92
UDC: 574.2 + 51.001.572+ 616-006-085.277
SYNCHRONIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES
WITH COMPLETE MIXING ENVIRONMENT AS A
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SPATIALLY
INHOMOGENEOUS ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
DURING IRRADIATION OF TUMORS
N.A. Nikolov1,2, P.P. Loshitskiy1, A.G. Solayr1
1Department of Physical and Biomedical Electronics, National Technical University
of Ukraine “Kiev Polytechnic Institute”, Kiev, Ukraine
2Department of Telecommunication technologies, State University of
Telecommunications, Kiev, Ukraine
Introduction: Condition of homeostatic functions of biological fluids is
provided by almost perfect mixing of dissolved components. Violation of tissue
homeostasis or synchronization often leads to the appearance and progression of
tumors. The missing of synchronization often leads to the appearance tumor cells
which have different structures and functional activity. It makes malignant tumors
resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy. One of the methods of regulation of local and
regional blood flow and effective perfusion of biological tissues, including tumor is
nonequilibrium reasonable electromagnetic hyperthermia. It does not increase the
temperature of more than 1.5°С, and not have a direct cytotoxic effect.
Based on a percolation theory, the choice of the external physical factors
spatial inhomogeneity is justified; this factor allows the improvement in perfusion
of biological tissues. In the applied aspect, the results of the work theoretically
justify the spatially inhomogeneous radiofrequency electromagnetic field at a
moderate hyperthermia of the malignant tumours.
The purpose of the paper is to rationalise the choice of the most efficient
spatial inhomogeneity of the electromagnetic irradiation of tumour during a
combined therapy based on the change in the tissues’ perfusion.
Materials and Methods: Lower limit of the spatial inhomogeneity of the
external physical factor is estimated based on the evaluation of the characteristic
radius of diffusion of biological cells metabolites, while for the upper one it is
based on percolation theory and corresponding simulation. When simulating
perfusion of tissues biological fluid depends on: the number of blood vessels, area
of tissue, volumetric blood flow, penetration factor of fluid from the blood vessels
into the tissue, spatial temperature gradient of tissue. The spatial distribution of the
electromagnetic field which causes the heating was set sinusoidal function.
Results: The results of simulating showed that the more expressed spatial
heterogeneity of external electromagnetic field during moderate hyperthermia of
tissue the more increased perfusion. It is shown that the lower limit of the spatial
inhomogeneity of the external physical factors is determined by the metabolites
diffusion coefficient and their effective generation frequency, which geometrically
corresponds to 10-2–10-1 cm distances. The upper limit of the clusters’ (patterns’)
geometric dimensions and their number of external fields on the basis of
percolation theory and simulation is characterized by the total clusters area
(volume) of 5–45 % useful space of irradiation, provided that there are more than
three clusters.
93
Conclusions: For a fixed volume flow effective tumor perfusion increases
with the number of blood vessels, as well as in enhancing the spatial
inhomogeneity of the external electromagnetic fields. Increased blood flow or fluid
velocity through the vessels uniquely characterizes the change in tissue perfusion.
The simulation shows that to increase the effective perfusion effect of the
external physical factors "force" diffusion (random) component of the fluid in the
tissues must be commensurate with the forces of directional movement.
Keywords: spatially inhomogeneous field, electromagnetic fields,
synchronization, perfusion, percolation, a malignant tumor.
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UDC: 613.71/73-615.83
MONITORING AND CORRECTION OF STUDENTS’
FUNCTIONAL STATE BY THE INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY TOOLS
L.M. Kozak1, M.V. Lukashenko2
1 International Research and Training Centre for Information Technologies and
Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education
and Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
2Vinnytsya Medical College Named after Academician D.K. Zabolotny
Introduction: The functioning of the educational system is aimed at the
professional development of young people, the formation of highly qualified
specialists in conjunction with the preservation of their health. For a full and
adequate assessment, monitoring and timely correction of students’ functional state
(FS) it is necessary to use new information technologies.
The purpose is the analysis of information technology developed for
monitoring the functional state of students to form differentiated programs of
psychological support in the learning process.
Results: The basis of information technology (IT) is the formed hierarchical
information model of a students’ functional state including intellectual, emotional,
and personality-motivational components. Normalized assessments of all levels of
the hierarchical information model were generated. The study of the developed
information model with two groups of students with different learning load was
conducted. Testing was conducted four times a year, at the beginning and the end
of each two terms. As changes in the individual functional state of students were
present in all components of functional state in varying degrees the problems of the
additional psychological support were arisen. The task of automating the formation
of differentiated psychological support groups is solved by using the developed
algorithm, which allows us to analyze the students’ functional state based on a
hierarchical information model.
Set of differentiated programs for psychological support was developed, the
elements of which were trainings aimed at the intellectual, emotional, motivational
aspects of psychical activities. Using this psychological training set allowed to
form effecting by a program for each particular group of additional psychological
support, taking into account the need to correct the state of certain functions of the
intellectual, emotional or personality-motivational components.
Using this set allowed us to form effecting by a program for each particular
group of additional psychological support, taking into account the need to correct
the state of certain functions of the intellectual, emotional or personality-
motivational components.
Based on the developed models, a set of criteria classification, algorithms for
determining the normalized estimates and forming groups of psychological support
the information technology for monitoring and correction of students’ functional
state in the learning process was developed. Information technology includes three
major stages: monitoring the functional state, the classification of this state and on
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the basis of obtained estimates formation of differentiated programs of
psychological support and its correcting.
Conclusions: Monitoring functional status using the developed information
technology can detect the need for additional psychological support. The results
show a mosaic combination of psychological functions states that require
correction forming the basis of the formation of differentiated programs of the
psychologist’ additional work. Evaluation of the results of the students’ functional
state correction indicates an improvement in functional reserves for the improve of
the efficiency of the educational process.
Keywords: information technology, student’s functional state, monitoring and
correction of students’ functional state, differentiated programs of psychological
support.
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