Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience
The purpose of the research is determination of the influence level of innovative culture on the state development on the example of Ukraine and Norway and the tendencies reveal of the innovation culture of society, as a factor of innovation activity in the state. This research describes essence of...
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irk-123456789-925352016-01-21T03:02:37Z Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience Vershytsky, A.V. Putintseva, M.V. Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ The purpose of the research is determination of the influence level of innovative culture on the state development on the example of Ukraine and Norway and the tendencies reveal of the innovation culture of society, as a factor of innovation activity in the state. This research describes essence of innovative culture as a whole, its influence on the innovative processes and compares differences in governments’ approaches to supporting innovative activity in Ukraine and Norway. The authors used such methods of studies as synthesis, idealization, induction and deduction, mental simulation, etc. The main findings are that innovative culture of society is one of the key aspects that directly influence on the economic indicators. Целью исследования является определение уровня влияния инновационный культуры на государственное развитие на примере Украины и Норвегии и выявление особенностей инновационной культуры общества, как фактора инновационной активности государства. Эта статья описывает сущность инновационной культуры в целоем, её влияния на инновационные процессы и сравнение различий в государственных подходах к поддержке инновационной активности в Украине и Норвегии. Были использованы такие методы исследования как синтез, индукция и дедукція, анализ и т.п. Основными выводами стало то, что инновационная культура общества – это один из ключевых аспектов, оказывающих прямое воздействие на экономические индикаторы. Головна мета цієї роботи – це визначення рівня впливу інноваційної культури на державний розвиток на прикладі України та Норвегії, а також виявлення особливостей інноваційної культури суспільства, як фактора інноваційної діяльності держави. Ця стаття відображає інноваційну культуру загалом, її вплив на інноваційні процеси, а також порівняння відмінностей в державних підходах до підтримки інноваційної діяльності в Україні та Норвегії. Були використані такі методи дослідження, як синтез, індукція, дедукція, аналіз та інші. Основним висновком є те, що інноваційна культура суспільства – це один з ключових факторів, який прямим чином впливає на економічні індикатори. 2013 Article Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience / A.V. Vershytsky , M.V. Putintseva // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2013. — № 259. — С. 47-51. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. 1562-0808 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/92535 330.341.1:316.334.2 en Культура народов Причерноморья Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України |
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Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ |
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Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ Vershytsky, A.V. Putintseva, M.V. Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience Культура народов Причерноморья |
| description |
The purpose of the research is determination of the influence level of innovative culture on the state development on the example of Ukraine and Norway and the tendencies reveal of the innovation culture of society, as a factor of innovation activity in the state. This research describes essence of innovative culture as a whole, its influence on the innovative processes and compares differences in governments’ approaches to supporting innovative activity in Ukraine and Norway. The authors used such methods of studies as synthesis, idealization, induction and deduction, mental simulation, etc. The main findings are that innovative culture of society is one of the key aspects that directly influence on the economic indicators. |
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Article |
| author |
Vershytsky, A.V. Putintseva, M.V. |
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Vershytsky, A.V. Putintseva, M.V. |
| author_sort |
Vershytsky, A.V. |
| title |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience |
| title_short |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience |
| title_full |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience |
| title_fullStr |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience |
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influence of innovative culture on state development. ukrainian and norwegian experience |
| publisher |
Кримський науковий центр НАН України і МОН України |
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2013 |
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Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/92535 |
| citation_txt |
Influence of innovative culture on state development. Ukrainian and Norwegian experience / A.V. Vershytsky , M.V. Putintseva // Культура народов Причерноморья. — 2013. — № 259. — С. 47-51. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. |
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Культура народов Причерноморья |
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Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
47
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Г. В. Савицкая. – М.: Инфра-М, – 2009. – 536 с.
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[Електронний ресурс] / И. Кольцова // Финансовый директор. – 2011 р. – № 4. – Режим доступу :
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Vershytsky A.V., Putintseva M.V. UDC 330.341.1:316.334.2
INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE CULTURE ON STATE DEVELOPMENT.
UKRAINIAN AND NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНОВАЦИОННОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ НА ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ.
УКРАИНСКИЙ И НОРВЕЖСКИЙ ОПИТ
Summary. The purpose of the research is determination of the influence level of innovative culture on the state
development on the example of Ukraine and Norway and the tendencies reveal of the innovation culture of
society, as a factor of innovation activity in the state. This research describes essence of innovative culture as a
whole, its influence on the innovative processes and compares differences in governments’ approaches to
supporting innovative activity in Ukraine and Norway. The authors used such methods of studies as synthesis,
idealization, induction and deduction, mental simulation, etc. The main findings are that innovative culture of
society is one of the key aspects that directly influence on the economic indicators.
Key words: innovative culture, innovation activity of society, state development, National Innovative System.
Аннотация. Целью исследования является определение уровня влияния инновационный культуры на
государственное развитие на примере Украины и Норвегии и выявление особенностей инновационной
культуры общества, как фактора инновационной активности государства. Эта статья описывает
сущность инновационной культуры в целоем, её влияния на инновационные процессы и сравнение
различий в государственных подходах к поддержке инновационной активности в Украине и Норвегии.
Были использованы такие методы исследования как синтез, индукция и дедукція, анализ и т.п.
Основными выводами стало то, что инновационная культура общества – это один из ключевых
аспектов, оказывающих прямое воздействие на экономические индикаторы.
Ключевые слова: инновационная культура, инновационная активность общества, государственное
развитие, Национальная Инновационная Система.
Анотація. Головна мета цієї роботи – це визначення рівня впливу інноваційної культури на державний
розвиток на прикладі України та Норвегії, а також виявлення особливостей інноваційної культури
суспільства, як фактора інноваційної діяльності держави. Ця стаття відображає інноваційну культуру
загалом, її вплив на інноваційні процеси, а також порівняння відмінностей в державних підходах до
підтримки інноваційної діяльності в Україні та Норвегії. Були використані такі методи дослідження,
як синтез, індукція, дедукція, аналіз та інші. Основним висновком є те, що інноваційна культура
суспільства – це один з ключових факторів, який прямим чином впливає на економічні індикатори.
Ключові слова: інноваційна культура, інноваційна активність суспільства, державний розвиток,
Національна Інноваційна Система.
Vershytsky A.V., Putintseva M.V.
INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE CULTURE ON STATE DEVELOPMENT.
UKRAINIAN AND NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE
48
Introduction
Culture is a wide-encompassing notion that concerns the common values, behaviors, beliefs and attitudes
shared by a nation, region, organization or other social entity. During the last years, cultural factors affecting
innovation have gained more and more attention among innovation policy makers and scholars in EU and abroad. It
is shown that a nation’s capacity to generate and adopt innovations is dependent on the general attitudes towards
entrepreneurship and risk-taking, openness to new information, readiness to accept change, and others. These
factors are expressions of nation’s culture and they may act as key drivers or main obstacles of innovation.
Modern Ukrainian economy refers to the third technological way, while the economies of the world’s leading
countries are predominantly in the fifth. For our country such transition can be possible only with the creation and
production in the Ukrainian society of innovative thinking and thus the innovation culture.
A hypothesis is the assumption that the innovative culture in Ukraine as concept is at a stage of
methodological development and judgment; there are no strict plans of its implementation and providing, and this
one of the main reasons of insufficient economic growth of Ukraine. In turn in Norway innovative culture is
broadly spread and supported by the state. The experience of leading countries of the world proves the existence of
a direct relationship between the level of welfare of the nation and the innovativeness of the economy – “80% of
GDP growth of economically developed countries is achieved through innovation” (Kropotova, 2006).
The object of the research is the innovative culture as the main aspects of influencing the government
establishment in Ukraine and Norway.
The subject of the study is the ways and approaches to the implementation and execution the government
support of innovative learning among public.
Analysis of the last researches and publications
Modern science is actively exploring innovative culture as one of the mechanisms of adaptation to innovation
environment. Today it is the center of attention of economists (J. Epstein, H. Shelton), sociologists (B. Lisin, V.
Fokinа) and teachers (А. Kozlovа, L. Elizarova). This phenomenon is scientifically proven to dissertations R.
Milenkova, I. Tsirkun and others.
However, it should be noted that a number of theoretical issues concerning this theme has still not been fully
resolved and requires further integrated research.
Some researches consider innovative culture as the special form of human culture that provides close
relationship with its other forms (Kozlova, 2007), others consider it as the protective filter for the general culture
(Holodkova, 2005).
It is also possible to meet the notion of innovative culture of the person as “spheres of his spiritual life
reflecting his valuable orientation, fixed in motives, knowledge, abilities, skills, patterns of behavior and providing
his readiness and ability to maintenance and realization of innovations in all spheres of life” (Prudnykova, 2011).
Even more variety arises at disclosure of the content of this concept.
Consequently, there is a need for certain systematization, careful analysis and definition of a generalized
approach to the interpretation of innovation culture as a phenomenon of cultural modernity.
Thus the relevance of this research is defined by the need to examine the nature of the innovation culture of
the society and to identify possible ways of its further development and improvement.
Influence of innovative culture on the state development
From the point of view of the innovation process, cultural factors are two-way influence. First, cultural factors
may contribute or prevent creation of new ideas and their effective implementation of the new products and
processes. Second, culture influences the way in which new products and processes are understood and put into
practice. Depending on cultural factors, a person can resist new products and processes, or, on the contrary, to
accept and promote.
The ability of people to innovation, intellectual capital and information today should be the priorities of
development of any country. Analysis of the domestic economic literature suggests that issues of innovative
development of the country now occupied a key place in economic science, evidenced by the number of different
studies and publications on the subject.
However, this situation does not reflect real changes in the economy. Ukraine still lags behind many European
countries, including Norway, in the key economic indicators. Table 1. shows the data of Ukraine and Norway in the
field of energy, which clearly support this argument (International Energy Agency, 2013).
Table 1. Selected Indicators of Ukraine and Norway for 2011
Country Norway Ukraine
1. Population (million) 4.95 45.71
2. GDP (billion 2005 USD) 319.64 95.29
3. Energy prod. (Mtoe) 195.35 85.48
4. Net imports (Mtoe) -165.84 47.75
5. Total Primary Energy Supply (Mtoe) 28.14 126.44
6. Elec. consumption1 (TWh) 114.78 167.40
7. CO2 emissions2 (Mt of CO2) 38.10 285.36
1 Gross production + imports – exports – losses.
2 CO2 emissions from fuel combustion only. Emissions are calculated using the IEA’s energy balances and the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines.
Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
49
In the simplified form of the innovation process can be represented as a realization of the intellectual potential
of the existing under the influence of innovative activity of all participants in the process (pic. 1).
In this case it is necessary to understand activity as focused and motivated action. Apparently from Picture 1,
the innovative activity directly affects on the national innovation system and innovation culture society.
Pic. 1. General scheme of the innovation process
National Innovation System (NIS) is a set of public, private, non-governmental organizations, as well as the
mechanisms of their interaction of legal, financial and socio-cultural nature, within which activities for creation,
commercial realization and distribution of “innovations” are carried out (Kropotova, 2006). Main task of NIS this is
institution are, organization and economic support of innovative processes.
In Ukraine the NIS only it is formed and has several of the issues complicating their successful development.
There is no adequate infrastructure of the market of intellectual property, and also there is no developed innovative
demand within society. Besides there is a problem of staffing of the sphere of intellectual property.
Demand for innovations, in fact, reflects the subjective characteristics of the economic behavior and thinking
of people, their values and attitudes, and thus can be stated in terms of the innovative culture of society. Due to
certain cultural attitudes pre-industrial and industrial societies perceive innovations as a destructive force which is
subject to blocking.
That’s why “violent introduction of achievements of the scientific and technical progress which is torn away by
individual and public consciousness, not ready to their acceptance, can't be inherently effective” (Kropotova, 2006).
For Norway it is typical an optimization of state management and planning in the field of innovation,
investment in science and innovation sector, as well as providing special conditions for the formation of
connections in the area of innovation.
Also innovative culture of society has a direct influence on innovative activity. Innovative culture at the head
of everything puts the creative personality, with her knowledge, abilities, experience of introduction and all-round
development of innovations in various areas of human activity.
Taking into account the fact that culture is a unique feature of human life, and therefore extremely diverse in its
concrete manifestations. It is possible to speak about allocation of types of culture in compliance with types and
levels of human activity (pic. 2).
In this case “innovative culture of society” it not one of types of culture allocated according to the accepted
criteria of classification, but the general property which should penetrate each of cultures surely.
Pic. 2. Place of innovative culture among other socio-cultural systems
Practical activities of the Member States of the European Union demonstrate the importance of innovation
culture in their development. Thus, in 1996-1997, they adopted a Green Paper of Innovation in Europe and The
First Action Plan for Innovation in Europe (Prudnykova, 2011). These policy documents in order to stimulate
innovation included the creation of the infrastructure and the promotion of innovation culture.
Formation of culture of innovation in modern Ukraine is one of the key objectives of national economic
development and European integration. Besides existence of the effective innovation environment in the global
economy is one of the conditions for the existence and development of any company in general.
Currently in Ukraine, most innovations are fragmentary, do not have the industrial base and they are developed
without careful market research. As a result, manufacturers are forced to deal with all the problems associated with
the introduction of this technology (from legal issues to the strategy of promotion on the market). It doesn't give
possibility to carry out qualitatively any of the specified tasks.
Thus, today in Ukraine there is no comprehensive approach to the development of innovative environment,
despite the enormous scientific potential of the country.
Vershytsky A.V., Putintseva M.V.
INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE CULTURE ON STATE DEVELOPMENT.
UKRAINIAN AND NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE
50
In Norway can be seen quite the opposite situation. “Innovation Norway” is the Norwegian Government's most
important instrument for innovation and development of Norwegian enterprises and industry (Innovasjon Norge,
2012). They support companies in developing their competitive advantage and to enhance innovation. Innovation
Norway provides competence, advisory services, promotional services and network services.
By combining local industry knowledge and international networks with the business ideas and the motivation
of entrepreneurs, the foundation for new successful businesses is created.
And it allows seeing the difference between results of innovative activity of Ukraine and Norway.
Main innovation indicators of Norway are represented in OECD reports (in which the same Ukrainian
indicators are absent) author selected comparable indicators of innovative activity relying on the site of the State
Statistics of Ukraine (ukrstat.gov.ua) and the site of Statistics Norway (www.ssb.no/english/). The chosen
indicators are provided in the table below (table 2).
Table 2. Indicators of science and innovation in Ukraine and Norway in 2011
Ukraine Norway
1. Financing Research & Development (R & D) as % of GDP 0.75 1.69
2. Number of research organizations 1255 3 261
3. Researchers in R&D (per million people) 1,425 5,434
4. The share of innovation active enterprises in the total number ,% 16,2 24
5. Innovation costs in the industry as % of GDP
Government budget appropriations or outlays for R&D (GBAORD) as a % of GDP
1.58 0,824
6. High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) 4 18
7. Patent applications, residents 2,649 1,122
8. Scientific and technical journal articles 1,639 4.440
9. Trademark applications, direct resident 16,836 3,411
Proceeding from the table such conclusion follows: indicators of innovative development in Norway are higher
than in Ukraine, especially in those areas which concern GDP:
Financing Research & Development;
Number of research organizations;
Innovation costs in the industry as % of GDP.
GDP of Norway is higher than in Ukraine. According to International Monetary Fund, in 2011 GDP at
purchasing power parity per capita in Norway was $ 53,396, in Ukraine - $ 7,222 (International Monetary Fund,
2010-2011). The main direction of development of the Norwegian economy is innovative sphere so it receives
sufficient financing. In Norway there are more entities of innovative orientation than in Ukraine thus more
employees work at them.
Development of innovative culture of the society in Ukraine and the establishment of an integrated national
innovation system will stop the negative trends prevailing in the domestic economy, and move on to the next level
of development.
Conclusions
In this article, the authors have described the problems associated with the development of the national
innovation system of Ukraine, the issues of forming a society's culture of innovation, as one of the factors that
determine the direction and pace of innovation in the state.
It should be noted that the practical solution of the problems outlined by the circle to consider time periods, as
the process of creating the infrastructure takes longer than training required specialists.
Positive attitudes towards innovation, risk taking and entrepreneurship among general public can be boosted
through information and involvement. Public events and workshops involving all levels of innovators and
promoting public-private innovation partnerships help to facilitate the exploration of experiences and attitudes
towards creativity, promote new forms of collaboration and support inventiveness.
The use of media like TV and games helps raise public awareness of innovation. It is recognized that popular
media like TV or games have the potential to address lower income groups that are hard to reach by conventional
promotion measures.
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Mode of Access :
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Проблемы материальной культуры – ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
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Смирнова Е.А. УДК 339.138
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО МАРКЕТИНГА
В СТРАХОВЫХ КОМПАНИЯХ
Аннотация. В статье рассмотрены теоретические основы понятия инновационного маркетинга и
маркетинга инноваций. Определено, что инновационный маркетинг выступает как маркетинговая
деятельность, направленная на разработку, внедрение и распространение инноваций, что позволит
страховым компаниям повысить конкурентоспособность, прибыльность а также сформировать и
улучшить эффективность продаж страховых продуктов.
Ключевые слова: инновация, маркетинг, инновационный маркетинг, страховая компания.
Анотація. У статті розглянуті теоретичні основи поняття інноваційного маркетингу і маркетингу
інновацій. Визначено, що інноваційний маркетинг виступає як маркетингова діяльність, яка направлена
на розробку, впровадження та розповсюдження інновацій, що дозволить страховим компаніям
підвищити конкурентоспроможність, прибутковість а також сформувати і поліпшити ефективність
продажів страхових продуктів.
Ключові слова: інновація, маркетинг, інноваційний маркетинг, страхова компанія.
Summary. World experience of development of economy proves presently, that rational combination of
marketing and innovative activity allows operatively to find not enough the satisfied consumer queries, or to
form them (for on principle new commodities), develop, produce and move forward new (modernized) products
at the market.
The analysis of domestic and foreign experience shows that conception of the innovative marketing is
perspective direction of development of insurance companies, for this reason actual is a question of forming and
increase of efficiency of sales of insurance products with the use of new technologies of marketing. The decision
of this question requires introduction of modern innovations in marketing activity of insurance company, which
are successfully used in the insurance marketing.
It is necessary to examine the innovative marketing as a type of activity, directed on optimization and control
after innovative and sale activity of insurance company, that will allow to occupy strategically a vantage-ground
at the insurance market, and also to increase the income of insurance company.
In modern terms by the prospects of development of the insurance marketing, taking into account the features of
the presented approaches there is active application of the innovative marketing, and in order that to attain
efficiency of introduction of marketing’s innovations the selection of the followings stages is needed:
search and analysis of idea of new insurance product;
collection of information about a potential market and segment of future product, and also analysis of
competition on him;
actuarial calculations of perspective of the chosen segment;
determination of «technical side» of new product;
development of marketing strategy for a new insurance product.
Thus, the innovative marketing is one of important directions of development of the insurance marketing, and
also comes forward as marketing activity, directed for development, introduction and distribution of innovations,
that will allow insurance companies to promote competitiveness, profitability, and also to form and improve
efficiency of sales of insurance products
Keywords: innovation, marketing, innovative marketing, insurance company.
Постановка проблемы. В настоящее время экономика, основанная на научно-технических
инновациях, приобретает глобальный характер, поскольку обеспечение устойчивого развития экономики и
улучшения благосостояния и качества жизни населения возможно на основе системного, непрерывного
использования продуктов научной, научно-технической и инновационной деятельности.
Мировой опыт развития экономики доказывает, что рациональное сочетание маркетинговой и
инновационной деятельности позволяет оперативно находить недостаточно удовлетворенные
потребительские запросы, или формировать их (для принципиально новых товаров), разрабатывать,
производить и продвигать на рынке новую (модернизированную) продукцию. Анализ отечественного и
зарубежного опыта показывает, что концепция инновационного маркетинга является перспективным
направлением развития страховых компаний, именно поэтому актуальным является вопрос формирования и
повышения эффективности продаж страховых продуктов с использованием новых технологий маркетинга.
Решение данного вопроса требует внедрения современных инноваций в маркетинговую деятельность
страховых компаний, которые успешно используются в страховом маркетинге.
Анализ последних исследований и публикаций. Проблемам маркетингового обеспечения
инновационной деятельности и разработкам инновационных маркетинговых инструментов в страховании
посвящены научные работы зарубежных и отечественных исследователей: В. В. Адамовича, М. Бейкер,
Л. В. Балабанова, В. Б. Гомелля, С. А. Гурьянов, Дж. Залтмен, А. Н. Зубец, В. Я. Заруба, М. А. Калинина,
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