Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World

The faunistic and ecological data on 19 species of Macronychia based on 269 specimens and literature are given. Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. and M. xuei Verves et Khrokalo,...

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Дата:	2006
Автори:	Verves, Yu.G., Khrokalo, L.A.
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Мова:	English
Опубліковано:	Інститут зоології ім. І. І. Шмальгаузена НАН України 2006
Теми:	Фауна и систематика
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Назва журналу:	Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Цитувати:	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World / Yu.G. Verves, L.A. Khrokalo // Вестн. зоологии. — 2006. — Т. 40, № 3. — С. 219-239. — Бібліогр.: 78 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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spelling	irk-123456789-94412010-07-02T12:03:08Z Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World Verves, Yu.G. Khrokalo, L.A. Фауна и систематика The faunistic and ecological data on 19 species of Macronychia based on 269 specimens and literature are given. Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. and M. xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. are described. The monotypic subgenus Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. is established for Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape. The original key to all species is provided. На основании анализа 269 экз. из собственных сборов и музейных коллекций, а также обобщения литературных сведений, приведены данные по распространению и экологическим особенностям 19 видов рода Macronychia, из которых четыре (Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M.xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n.) описаны как новые для науки. Установлен новый монотипический подрод Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. для вида Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape. Составлена оригинальная таблица для определения всех видов по имаго. 2006 Article Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World / Yu.G. Verves, L.A. Khrokalo // Вестн. зоологии. — 2006. — Т. 40, № 3. — С. 219-239. — Бібліогр.: 78 назв. — англ. 0084-5604 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/9441 595.773.4 en Інститут зоології ім. І. І. Шмальгаузена НАН України
institution	Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
collection	DSpace DC
language	English
topic	Фауна и систематика Фауна и систематика
spellingShingle	Фауна и систематика Фауна и систематика Verves, Yu.G. Khrokalo, L.A. Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
description	The faunistic and ecological data on 19 species of Macronychia based on 269 specimens and literature are given. Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. and M. xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. are described. The monotypic subgenus Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. is established for Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape. The original key to all species is provided.
format	Article
author	Verves, Yu.G. Khrokalo, L.A.
author_facet	Verves, Yu.G. Khrokalo, L.A.
author_sort	Verves, Yu.G.
title	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
title_short	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
title_full	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
title_fullStr	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
title_full_unstemmed	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World
title_sort	review of macronychiinae (diptera, sarcophagidae) of the world
publisher	Інститут зоології ім. І. І. Шмальгаузена НАН України
publishDate	2006
topic_facet	Фауна и систематика
url	http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/9441
citation_txt	Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World / Yu.G. Verves, L.A. Khrokalo // Вестн. зоологии. — 2006. — Т. 40, № 3. — С. 219-239. — Бібліогр.: 78 назв. — англ.
work_keys_str_mv	AT vervesyug reviewofmacronychiinaedipterasarcophagidaeoftheworld AT khrokalola reviewofmacronychiinaedipterasarcophagidaeoftheworld
first_indexed	2025-07-02T12:46:14Z
last_indexed	2025-07-02T12:46:14Z
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fulltext	UDC 595.773.4 REVIEW OF MACRONYCHIINAE (DIPTERA, SARCOPHAGIDAE) OF THE WORLD Yu. G. Verves1, L. A. Khrokalo2 1 State Academy of Housing and Communal Services, vul. Glazunova, 2/4, Kyiv, 01042 Ukraine E-mail: fly@voliacable.com 2 National Agrocultural University, prov. Sil’s’kogospodars’ky 4, korp. 17, Kyiv, 03041 Ukraine E-mail: lkhrokalo@mail.ru Accepted 11 November 2005 Îáçîð Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) ìèðîâîé ôàóíû. Âåðâåñ Þ. Ã., Õðîêàëî Ë. À. — Íà îñíîâàíèè àíàëèçà 269 ýêç. èç ñîáñòâåííûõ ñáîðîâ è ìóçåéíûõ êîëëåêöèé, à òàêæå îáîáùåíèÿ ëèòåðàòóðíûõ ñâåäåíèé, ïðèâåäåíû äàííûå ïî ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèþ è ýêîëîãè÷åñêèì îñîáåííî- ñòÿì 19 âèäîâ ðîäà Macronychia, èç êîòîðûõ ÷åòûðå (Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n.) îïèñàíû êàê íîâûå äëÿ íàóêè. Óñòàíîâëåí íîâûé ìîíîòèïè÷åñêèé ïîäðîä Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. äëÿ âèäà Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape. Ñîñòàâëåíà îðèãèíàëüíàÿ òàáëèöà äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ âñåõ âèäîâ ïî èìàãî. Êëþ÷åâûå ñ ëîâ à: Diptera, Sarcophagidae, Macronychia, ìàêðîíèõèè, îáçîð, íîâûå òàêñîíû, ìèðîâàÿ ôàóíà, ýêîëîãèÿ. Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World. Verves Yu. G., Khrokalo L. A. — The faunistic and ecological data on 19 species of Macronychia based on 269 specimens and literature are given. Macronychia dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n., M. richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. and M. xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. are described. The monotypic subgenus Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. is established for Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape. The original key to all species is provided. Ke y wo r d s: Diptera, Sarcophagidae, Macronychia, review, new taxa, world fauna, ecology. Introduction Macronychiinae, according to B. B. Rohdendorf (Ðîäåíäîðô, 1967), is the most plesiomorphic group of sarcophagids. About 20 species of a single genus, Macronychia, are known from almost all biogeographical regions, except the Australasian/Oceanian and Madagascan Region. Four special reviews of this subfamily were published by H. Kurahashi (1972), H. Kurahashi, T. Pape (1996) and Yu. Verves (1982 b, 1983). The present paper is the complete revision of all the original and known from literature faunistic and ecological data on this subfamily and includes the first key to all the species of Macronychia of the World, with descriptions of 4 new species. 269 specimens of Macronyhchia are partly collected by Yu. G. Verves, and partly have been studied in collections of such foundations (in brackets the abbreviations of names of foundations in the present article are given): the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (BMNH); Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, Hungary (HNM); Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, Kyiv, Ukraine (SIZK); National Museum, Brazilian Academy of Sciences, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (MNB); Masaryk University, Department of Zoology and Ecology, Brno, Czech Republic (MU); private collection of Yu. Verves, Kyiv, Ukraine (PCV); Staatliches Museum zur Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany (SMNS); Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (TAU); National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA (USNM); Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZISP); Zoological Museum of the Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia (ZMUM). New records for local fauna are marked by asterisk (). Vestnik zoologii, 40(3): 219–239, 2006 © Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo, 2006 Subfamily Macronychiinae Brauer et Bergenstamm, 1889 Brauer, Bergenstamm, 1889: 76; Rohdendorf, 1967: 73; Verves, 1982 b: 235; Fan, 1992: 583; Povolny ´, Verves, 1997: 53. Grey colored, usually medium sized (body length 7–10 mm), sometimes small (to 4 mm) or large (to 13 mm) flies. Sexual dimorphism slight. Frons protruding, parafa- cial plates broad, setulose; gena high. Head in profile at level of vibrissae distinctly shorter than at lunula. Proepisternum bare. Flagellomere 1.1–2.2 times as long as pedi- cel, arista almost bare, microscopically pubescent, thickened in basal 0.4–0.7. Vibrissa well-developed and situated high above lower head margin. Thorax with several dark broad vittae on dorsum. Hind spiracle non-operculate, without lappets, with hairs along circular rim very short ventrally and in form of long bristles anteriorly and posteriorly. Hind coxa bare; t2 with 2 ad. Claws and pulvilli of both sexes strong and elongate. Wing hyaline or sometimes partly fuscous, cell r4+5 open at the wing margin; vein r1 bare. Abdomen grey pollinose, with 3 more or less developed triangular elongate dark spots on each tergite, sometimes these spots indistinct or absent. Male postabdomen: 6th ter- gite well-developed, with marginal bristles; epiphallus usually present, sometimes absent; distiphallus and basiphallus fast united; dorsolateral and medial processes of paraphallus absent; dorsal protuberance of distiphallus more or less distinct, with spines; acrophallus short. In females, 10th abdominal tergite smaller, 8th tergite in some species (subgenus Macronychia s. str.) modified into elongate spine-shaped ovipositor. The only genus Macronychia belongs to this subfamily. Genus Macronychia Rondani, 1859 Rondani, 1859: 229; Bezzi, 1907: 319; Se ´guy, 1941: 323; Downes, 1965: 936; Parker, Bohart, 1966: 93; Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Kurahashi, 1972: 173; Peckham, 1977: 823; Miha ´lyi, 1979 b: 60; Verves, 1982 b: 235; 1983: 345; 1986: 59; Pape, 1987: 78; 1996: 94; Spofford et al., 1989: 256; Fan, 1992: 583; Kurahashi, Pape, 1996: 271. T yp e s p e c i e s: Macronychia agrestis: Rondani, 1859 (misidentification: not Tachina agrestis Falle ´n, 1810), [= Xysta striginervis Zetterstedt, 1844], by monotypy. Theone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 401 [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]. T yp e s p e c i e s: Theone trifaria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Tachina polyodon Meigen, 1824], by designation of Townsend, 1916: 9. Unavailable (junior homonym of Theone Gistl, 1857). Amobiopsis Townsend, 1915 a: 20. T yp e s p e c i e s: Amobia aurata Coquillett, 1902; by original designation. Theoniodes Strand, 1917: 92; replacement name for Theone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863. Itamobia Townsend, 1927: 224. T yp e s p e c i e s: Itamobia ornata Townsend, 1927 [= Amobiopsis ornata Townsend, 1915], by original designation. Nineteen species occur in Holarctic, Oriental, Afrotropical and Neotropical Regions. Larvae usually develop in stem and stalk nests of sphecid and eumenid wasps, rarely in terrestrial nests of sphecids, bumblebees and solitary bees. The information on some Nearctic species of Macronychia bred from adult tabanids has not been confirmed (Thompson, 1978 a, b; Thompson, Love, 1979). Key to the subgenera and species of Macronychia Òàáëèöà äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïîäðîäîâ è âèäîâ Macronychia 1. Male: cerci very broad and apically truncated (fig. 1, 1, 2); aedeagus without epipahallus (fig. 1, 3) (subgenus Thomaspapeia subgen. n.). Female unknown. ............ M. (T.) malayana Kurahashi et Pape — Male: cerci of another form, aedeagus with elongate epipahallus (fig. 2). ......................................... 2 220 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo 2. Male: pregonites s-shaped (fig. 2, 1); apical parts of cerci broad, connected together to apex (fig. 2, 3). Female: ovipositor terminating in elongate spine-shaped shining black piercer (fig. 3, 1, 2, 4) (subgenus Macronychia s. str.). ............................................................................................................................ 3 — Male: pregonites hook-shaped (fig. 2, 2); apical parts of cerci distinctly separated, narrow (fig. 2, 5). Female: ovipositor inconspicuous, retracted (fig. 3, 3, 5) (subgenus Moschusa). .............................. 1 3. 5th abdominal tergite and segments of postabdomen of both sexes gold dusted; basicosta black. .......... .............................................................................................................. M. (s. str.) aurata (Townsend) — 5th abdominal tergite and postabdomen of both sexes grey pollinose. ................................................ 4 4. Postgena and occiput intermixed with black and yellowish white hairs. ............................................ 5 — Postgena and occiput covered with black hairs only. .......................................................................... 6 5. Wing membrane more or less darkened (fig. 5, 3), mediomarginal bristles on 1st + 2nd abdominal syntergite more or less distinct. Male cerci hook-shaped (fig. 5, 1). .............. M. (s. str.) dolini sp. n. — Wing membrane hyaline; mediomarginal bristles on 1+2nd abdominal syntergite absent. Male cerci s-shaped (fig. 6, 1). .................................................................................. M. (s. str.) kanoi Kurahashi 6. Mediomarginal bristles on 1st + 2nd abdominal tergite strong and erect. Basicosta brownish black. ...... ........................................................................................................ M. (s. str.) striginervis (Zetterstedt) — Mediomarginal bristles on 1st + 2nd abdominal tergite absent or very fine. ........................................ 7 7. Basicosta brown to black. .................................................................................................................... 8 — Basicosta yellow. ................................................................................................................................. 9 8. Mesonotum grey dusted; palpi black. .................................................. M. (s. str.) substriginervis sp. n. — Mesonotum gold pollinose; palpi light brown. ..................................... M. (s. str.) ornata (Townsend) 9. Palpi yellow or light brown. .............................................................. M. (s. str.) lemariei Jacentkovsky´ — Palpi black. ........................................................................................................................................ 10 10. Pleura grey dusted. .......................................................................................... M. (s. str.) lopesi Verves — Pleura gold dusted. ........................................................................................ M. (s. str.) aurifrons Hall 11. 1st + 2nd abdominal tergite with strong mediomarginal bristles. ........................................................ 12 — 1st + 2nd abdominal tergite without mediomarginal bristles or they very fine. .................................. 14 12. Parafacial with 4–6 irregular vertical rows of setae (fig. 4, 2, 5). .................................................... 13 — Parafacial with 1–3 irregular vertical rows of setae. .......................... M. (Moschusa) agrestis (Falle ´n) 13. Frons at level of hind ocelli 0.30 of head width or less. .................. M. (Moschusa) utahensis (Smith) — Frons at level of hind ocelli 0.33 of the head width or more. ......... M. (Moschusa) alpestris Rondani 14. Abdomen entirely grey with narrow median longitudinal dark stripe. ............................................... 15 — All abdominal tergites with 3 longitudinal black spots. .................................................................... 16 15. Basicosta yellow. ................................................................................ M. (Moschusa) griseola (Falle ´n) — Basicostal scale brownish black. ........................................................... M. (Moschusa) richterae sp. n. 16. Parafacial 0.37–0.44 of eye height, with 4–6 irregular vertical rows of setae. .................................. 17 — Parafacial 0.22–0.35 of eye height, with 1–3 irregular vertical rows of setae (fig. 4, 6). ...................... ........................................................................................................ M. (Moschusa) polyodon (Meigen) 17. Parafrontal and parafacial silvery grey dusted. ............................................ M. (Moschusa) xuei sp. n. — Parafacial partly or entirely gold pollinose. ...................................................................................... 18 18. Parafacial with light gold spot (fig. 4, 2). ........................... M. (Moschusa) auromaculata (Townsend) — Parafacial entirely yellowish gold pollinose. ............................ M. (Moschusa) confundens (Townsend) Subgenus Thomaspapeia Verves et Khrokalo, subgen. n. Type s p e c i e s: Macronychia malayana Kurahashi et Pape, 1996. D i a gno s i s. cerci very broad and apically truncated; aedeagus without epipahal- lus; pregonites slightly s-shaped, almost straight. A single species from Oriental Region is known. This subgenus is named in honor of our friend, Danish dipterist Prof. Thomas Pape. Macronychia (Thomaspapeia) malayana Kurahashi et Pape, 1996 (fig. 1, 1–5) Kurahashi, Pape, 1996: 268. D i s t r i b u t i o n. Oriental Region: Malaysia (Pahang). Subgenus Macronychia s. str. Type s p e c i e s: Macronychia agrestis: Rondani, 1859 (misidentification: not Tachina agrestis Falle ´n, 1810) [= Xysta striginervis Zetterstedt, 1844], by monotypy. 221Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Macronychia (s. str.) aurata (Coquillett, 1902) (fig. 2, 1, 3, 4; 3, 2) Coquillett, 1902: 119, Amobia; Krombein, 1963: 120; 1964: 73; Downes, 1965: 936; Peckham et al., 1973: 647; Verves, 1983: 346; Spofford et al., 1989: 256; Pape, 1996: 94. Ma t e r i a l. USA: {, Connecticut, Canlewood L. K., 30.08.1941 (coll. A. L. Melander); {, New York, Chittenango, 5.07.1970; }, 9.09.1970 (Peckham); }, North Carolina, Smokies, Foney Ridge, 18.07.1941 (coll. A. L. Melander) (USNM). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Nearctic Region: Canada (British Columbia, Ontario); USA (California, Connecticut, Florida, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania). Flies were reared from the nests of sphecid wasps Oxybelus subcornutus, Ectemnius (Hypocrabro) paucimaculatus and E. (H.) continuus (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae) in a rotter pear limb. “Presumably the mother fly deposits a larva in the entrance hole dur- ing provisioning of the nest. The larva wriggles down to cells and feeds upward or down- ward on the prey stored for the wasp” (Krombein, 1964). Macronychia (s. str.) aurifrons Hall, 1937 Hall, 1937: 351; Lopes, 1969: 6, Itamobia; Verves, 1983: 348; Pape, 1996: 95. 222 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Fig. 1. Macronychia malayana, male genitalia (after Kurahashi, Pape, 1996): 1 — epandrium, susrstylus and cercus laterally; 2 — cerci and surstyli, dorsally; 3 — aedeagus, laterally; 4 — gonites, laterally; 5 — 5th sternite, ventrally. Ðèñ. 1. Macronychia malayana, ãåíèòàëèè ñàìöà (ïî: Kurahashi, Pape, 1996): 1 — ýïàíäðèé, ñóðñòèëü è öåðêà ñáîêó; 2 — öåðêè è ñóðñòèëè ñâåðõó; 3 — ýäåàãóñ ñáîêó; 4 — ãîíèòû ñáîêó; 5 — 5-é ñòåðíèò ñíèçó. Di s t r i b u t i o n. Neotropical: Argentina (Misiones). We have not seen this species. According to description (Hall, 1937), it allies to M. ornata (Townsend), differing by black palpi and silver grey dusted mesonotum. Macronychia (s. str.) dolini Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. (fig. 5, 1–3) Macronychia kanoi1: [misidentification, not Kurahashi, 1972]: Verves, 1982 a: 546, in part (Russia: Perm Region); 1982 b: 236, in part (Russia: Perm Region); 1986: 59, in part (Russia: Ural); Draber-Mon ´ko, 1991 a: 97 (Poland); Pape, 1996: 95; in part (Croatia, Italy, European Russia, Switzerland); Pape, Merz, 1998: 338 (Switzerland); Verves, 2000: 123 (Ukraine: Dnipropetrovs’k Region). 223Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Fig. 2. Macronychia, male genitalia (after Verves, 1983): aedeagus and gonites laterally: 1 — M. aurata, 2 — M. uta- hensis; cerci and surstyli dorsally: 3 — M. aurata, 5 — M. utahensis; 4 — postabdomen of M. aurata laterally. Ðèñ. 2. Macronychia, ãåíèòàëèè ñàìöà (ïî: Verves, 1983): ýäåàãóñ è ãîíèòû ñáîêó: 1 — M. aurata, 2 — M. uta- hensis; öåðêè è ñóðñòèëè ñâåðõó: 3 — M. aurata, 5 — M. utahensis; 4 — ïîñòàáäîìåí M. aurata laterally. 1 This species was partly confused with M. kanoi occurring in the Far East, in many publications (all European specimens actually belong to M. dolini). Type ma t e r i a l . Holotype }, Ukraine, Kyiv Region, Brovary District, environs of Rozhny, humid meadow near Desna River, on flowers of Conium maculatum L., 18.08.2000 (Verves) (SIZK). Paratypes: Ukraine: }, Dnipropetrovs’k Region, Novomoskovs’k District, environs of Andriyivka, 45°15' N 35°00' E, humid meadow, on flowers of Heracleum sp., 5.08.2000 (Verves) (PCV); {, Ukraine, “Vassiljevka prov. Dnepropet[rovsk] 18–21.VI.1937 (Belanovsky)” and “Macronychia polyodon Mg. Belanovsky det. {”; Czech Republic: {, S Moravia, 7367, Lanz � not-Soutok floodplain forest meadow, 3. Sept. [19]91 (Vanhara) (MU); {, Russia, “Molotov [now Perm] Region, environs of Kungur, forestry farm “Preduralye”, 28.06.[19]57, on flowers of Heracleum sp.; {, 5.07.[1]960 (Borisova); {, Russia, “Tob.[ol’skaya] gub.[erniya] i u.[ezd], Bron. v.[olost’], d.[erevnya] Serikova” [now Tyumen’ District, Tobol’sk Region], 24.07.1907 (Pignatti); 224 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Fig. 3. Macronychia, ovipositor (1–3 — after Verves, 1983; 4 — after Verves, 1980; 5 — after Verves, 1982 b); laterally: 1 — M. ornata, 2 — M. aurata, 4 — M. lemariei; caudally: 3 — M. utahensis, 5 — M. agrestis. Ðèñ. 3. Macronychia, ÿéöåêëàä (1–3 — ïî: Verves, 1983; 4 — ïî: Âåðâåñ, 1980; 5 — ïî: Verves, 1982 b); ñáîêó: 1 — M. ornata, 2 — M. aurata, 4 — M. lemariei; ñçàäè: 3 — M. utahensis, 5 — M. agrestis. Russia: {, Tyva, Eastern Sayan Ridge, tract Karzanak near Mina, 6.07.[1]959 (Grunin) (ZISP); Turkmenistan: {, “Transcaspia”: Kopet-dag mountains [= Kopet Dagh], Tshulli, 15.05.[19]14 (Hohlbeck) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Croatia; Czech Republic (Southern Moravia); Italy; Poland; Russia (European Territory: Perm Region; West Siberia: Tyumen’ Region and Tyva); Switzerland; Turkmenistan; Ukraine. 225Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Fig. 4. Macronychia, male heads in profile (1–3 — after Verves, 1983; 4–6 — after Verves, 1982 b): 1 — M. lopesi; 2 — M. auromaculata; 3 — M. utahensis; 4 — M. striginervis; 5 — M. alpestris; 6 — M. polyodon. Ðèñ. 4. Macronychia, ãîëîâû ñàìöîâ ñáîêó (1–3 — ïî: Verves, 1983; 4–6 — ïî: Verves, 1982 b): 1 — M. lopesi; 2 — M. auromaculata; 3 — M. utahensis; 4 — M. striginervis; 5 — M. alpestris; 6 — M. polyodon. Fig. 5. Macronychia dolini: male: 1 — cercus laterally, 2 — aedeagus and golites laterally; female: 3 — apical part of wing. Ðèñ. 5. Macronychia dolini: ñàìåö: 1 — öåðêa ñáîêó, 2 — ýäåàãóñ è ãîíèòû ñáîêó; ñàìêà: 3 — àïèêàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü êðûëà. Dia gno s i s. This species is very similar to Macronychia (s. str.) kanoi Kurahashi, 1972 by postgena and occiput covered with intermixed black and light hairs, but well differing by partly darkened wings (especially in females), presence of distinct mediomar- ginal bristles on 2nd tergite, densely greyish white dusted parafacial, and not s-shaped cerci. De s c r i p t i o n. Ma l e. Head: frons at level of posterior ocelli 0.31–0.33 times, at level of antennal base — 0.40–0.44 times as wide as head width. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial densely greyish white dusted, frontal vitta in fore part black, its hind part between the level of upper reclinate orbital setae and orbital triangle densely light brownish-grey pollinose, at level of anterior ocellus 1.1–1.2 times as wide as one of fronto-orbital plates, ratio of the width of anterior to posterior 1 : 1, but narrowing at level of upper reclinate orbital setae. Flagellomere 1.4–1.5 times as long as pedicel, arista almost bare, microscopically pubescent, thickened in basal 0.4–0.5, antenna entirely greyish black; palpus slightly widened at apex, brownish black. Proboscis about 3–4 times as long as high. Parafacial at level of antennal base 0.26–0.32 times, gena 0.33–0.37 times as wide as eye height. One regular row of postocular setae present; outer vertical bristle strong, about 0.5 times as long as inner vertical bristles; ocellar bristles strong and long, directed latero-anteriorly; 2–3 pairs of fine postocellar bristles present; orbital bristles strong, 1 + 2, between proclinate and hind reclinate pairs of them 3–4 erected black hairs; 9–14 pairs of moderately long frontal bristles; fronto- orbitals covered with moderately long erect black setae. Parafacial with 2–3 irregular rows of fine black setae along facial ridge. Face and lunula light silver-grey dusted, genal groove and facial ridge reddish, slightly white pubescent. Vibrissa well developed; subvibrissal setae black, moderately long and relatively strong. Gena grey dusted, cov- ered with black setae, postgena and occiput grey pollinose, intermixed with black and golden white hairs. Thorax: black, densely light-grey dusted, covered with black hairs; mesonotum with one median broad and two lateral stripes, median stripe subdivided into three nar- rower stripes near transverse suture; all these stripes slightly shot from black to light- brown colors. Scutellum black, with grey pruinescence on apex. Lateral parts of thorax densely greyish white dusted. acr 0 + 1, dc 2–3 + 3–4, strong; ial 0 + 2–3; prs 1; spal 3–4; h 3–4; ph 2–3; proanepisternum bare; npl 2, in addition to these bristles, noto- pleural area covered with numerous erected hairs; anepisternum in posterior half cov- ered with moderately long and dense hairs and a row of 6–8 longer and strong poste- rior bristles; katepisternum with long anterior and posterior bristles (1 + 1), a patch of long erect hairs between them; scutellum with long and strong paired crossed preapi- cal, lateral and basal bristles, apical absent, one pair of discals well developed, much longer than discal hairs. Fore and hind metathoracic spiracles brownish black. Wing (fig. 5, 3): hyaline, distinctly obscured in antero-apical part; veins blackish brown; basicosta and tegula black. Costal spine very short, indistinct; cell r4+5 open; vein R1 bare, node of vein R4+5 with 1–2 black setae above and below; vein dm-cu slightly curved, almost straight; M rectangular; the ratio of 3rd and 5th costal sections is 1 : 0.8–1.0; the ratio of length of 2nd and 3rd M-sections is 1 : 0.3–0.4. Thoracic squa- ma yellowish white, bare on upper surface. Halteres light brown except for whitish knob. Legs: claws elongate, slightly curved, as long as 5th tarsomere; fore tibia with 2 p and 2–3 very short spine-liked ad on basal half; mid tibia with 2–3 ad, 2–3 p and 1 v; hind tibia with rows of several fine and 2–3 strong ad and pd, and 1 av. Abdomen: narrow, elongate-conic, black, densely light grey dusted, with three elongate triangle black spots on 2–5th tergites; 2rd and 3rd tergites with pair of moder- ately long mediomarginal bristles; 4th and 5th tergites with rows of marginal bristles. Each of 2d–4th sternites covered with long erect hairs. 226 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Genitalia: small, not prominent, 6th tergite, 7th + 8th syntergosternite and epandri- um black, distinctly grey dusted, with row of mediomarginal bristles. Cerci in profile hook-like, not s-shaped (fig. 5, 1). Gonites and aedeagus typical for subgenus Macronychia s. str. (fig. 5, 2). F ema l e. Very similar to male, but dark spots on abdomen more distinct, and wing more intensively darkened. Frons at level of posterior ocelli 0.33–0.35 times as wide as head. Terminalia modified into straight spine-shaped shining black ovipositor. Length: Male 11.0–12.0 mm, female 9.0–11.5 mm, including ovipositor. E t ymo l o g y. Species is named in memory of the eminent Ukrainian entomolo- gist, Professor Vladimir G. Dolin. Macronychia (s. str.) kanoi Kurahashi, 1972 (fig. 6, 1–4) Kurahashi, 1972: 174; Artamonov, 1980: 32; Verves, 1982 a: 546, in part; 1982 b: 236, in part; 1986: 59, in part; Artamonov, 1993: 223; Pape, 1996: 95, in part. Ma t e r i a l. Russia: }, Krasnoyarskiy Kray, Ubey-Biryusa, 4.07.[18]97 (Wagner); {, Khabarovskiy Kray, environs of Pivan’, 31.07.[19]76 (Bodrova) (ZISP); {, Southern Sakhalin, Anivsk Aniva District, Novoaleksandrovsk, larvae in decomposing woodreared in January-February 1987 (M. Nesterov) (SIZK). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Japan (Honshu); Russia (East Siberia: Krasnoyarskiy Kray; Far East: Amur Region, Khabarovskiy Kray, Primorye, Sakhalin). Oriental Region: Japan (Ryukyu Is.). 227Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Fig. 6. Macronychia kanoi, male genitalia (after Kurahashi, 1972): 1 — susrstylus and cercus laterally; 2 — cerci and surstyli dorsally; 3 — 5th sternite ventrally; 4 — aedeagus and gonites laterally. Ðèñ. 6. Macronychia kanoi, ãåíèòàëèè ñàìöà (ïî: Kurahashi, 1972): 1 — ñóðñòèëü è öåðêà ñáîêó; 2 — öåðêè è ñóðñòèëè ñâåðõó; 3 — 5-é ñòåðíèò ñíèçó; 4 — ýäåàãóñ è ãîíèòû ñáîêó. Macronychia (s. str.) lemariei Jacentkovsky´, 1941 (fig. 3, 4; 7, 1) Jacentkovsky´, 1941: 4, 9; Verves, 1980: 920; 1982 a: 546; 1982 b: 237; 1986: 59; Fan, Pape, 1996: 239; Pape, 1996: 95; Povolny´, 1997: 98; Povolny´, Verves, 1997: 55; Verves, 2000: 123. vervesi Miha´lyi, 1979 a: 160; 1979 b: 61; Papp, 2001: 427. sinerea Chao, Zhang, 1988: 280, Senotainia (Sphixapata); Fan, 1992: 587, Senotainia (Sphixapata). Ma t e r i a l. Israel: }, Rehoboth bei Jaffa, 1.07.1931 (Aharoni) (SMNS); {, Mt. Hermon, 1650 m a. s. l., 9.06.1975 (Freidberg); {, Beit Dajan, 1.09.1976 (Nitzan); {, Tel Aviv, 13.06.1971 (Kugler); }, Ein- Feshkha, 15.02.1977 (Kaplan); }, N. Amud, 6,10.1974 (Freidberg); }, 30.09.1975 (Kaplan); {, Ramat, 13.05.1945 (collector unknown); {, Wadi Faria, 31.05.1973 (Freidberg); {, Wadi Ugga, 28.04.1976 (Simon) (TAU); Greece: {, Poros I., (Kru �per) (ZISP); {, Czech Republic, S. Moravia Lanz � not field pathway 6.08.1991 (Rozkos � ny´) (MU); Turkey: 2 {, Ankara, Kavaklidere, 8, 12.08.1960, 2700 ft a. s. l.; }, 16 km W Kirikkale, 30.06.1960, 2700 ft a. s. l., (Guihard, Harvey) (BMNH); Turkmenistan: {, Mary District, forestry, 16.07.1958, on Medicago sativa (Charykuliev); Ukraine: 3 {, }, Dnipropetrovs’k Region, Novomoskovs’k District, environs of Andriyivka, 45°15' N 35°00' E, humid meadow along Samara River, 100–110 m a. s. l., on flowers of Heracleum sp., 1, 5.08.2000 (Verves) (PCV). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: China (Neimenggu); Czech Republic (Moravia); Greece; Hungary; Israel; Slovakia; Turkey (European and Asian Territory); Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan. Flying period from June to August; flies prefer humid meadows and feed on flow- ers of Heracleum sp. Macronychia (s. str.) lopesi Verves, 1983 (fig. 4, 1) Verves, 1983: 348; Pape, 1996: 95. Ma t e r i a l. Holotype {, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Jacarepagua ´, 8.08.1934 (Lopes, Proenc�a) (MNB). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Neotropical Region: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). Macronychia (s. str.) ornata (Townsend, 1917) (fig. 3, 1) Townsend, 1917: 221; Verves, 1983: 348; Pape, 1996: 95; ornata Townsend, 1927: 224, Itamobia [junior secondary homonym of Amobiopsis ornata Townsend, 1917]; 1935: 214, Itamobia; Lopes, 1936: 851, Itamobia; 1969: 6; Verves, 1983: 348 (as a synonym of Amobiopsis ornata Townsend, 1917); Pape, 1996: 95. Ma t e r i a l. Brazil: }, Angra dos Reis, Japuhuba, E. do Rio, 09.1931 (Travassos),“Itamobia ornata Towns., comparado com paratypo, Det. H. S. Lopes, 5.09.[19]36” (MNB). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Neotropical Region: Brazil (Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro, S~ao Paulo). Macronychia (s. str.) striginervis (Zetterstedt, 1838) (fig. 4, 4; 7, 2) Zetterstedt, 1838: 633; 1845: 4260. (Xysta); Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Khitzova, 1977: 19; Kolomyietz, 1979: 139; Mihályi, 1979 b: 62; Alekseev, 1980: 385; Artamonov, 1980: 32; Verves, 1982 a: 546; 1982 b: 238; 1986: 59; Artamonov, 1988: 31; Pape, 1987: 83; Verves, 1990: 519; Draber-Mońko, 1991 b: 246; Fan, 1992: 583; Artamonov, 1993: 223; C � epelák, Slamec � ková, 1996: 135; Fan, Pape, 1996: 239; Pape, 1996: 96; Povolný, 1997: 98; Povolný, Verves, 1997: 55; Pape, Merz, 1998: 338; Verves, 1998: 49; 2000: 123; Pape et al., 2002: 218. ungulans Pandelle´, 1895: 301, Miltogramma; Wainwright, 1928: 235; Se ´guy, 1941: 327; Venturi, 1960: 109; Kurahashi, 1972: 178. Ma t e r i a l. Czech Republic: {, S. Moravia, Soutok, Lanz � not meadow, 20.08.1991 (Rozkos � ny´� (MU); Hungary: {, Bu �kk hg. Sikfo�kut, erdo´, 8.08.1973 (Bajza-Papp); {, Bo �rzso�ny hg, Magyarku´t, patak-vo�lgy, 6.08.1972, (L. Papp) (PCV); Ukraine: }, Dnipropetrovs’k Region, Novomoskovs’k District, environs of Andriyivka, 45°15' N 35°00' E, humid meadow along Samara River, 100–110 m a. s. l., at flowers of Heracleum sp., 1,5.08.2000 (Verves) (PCV); 2 }, Kharkiv Region, Kuryaszh, 22.06. and 24.07.[18]84 (Jaroszewsky) (ZISP); 3 {, 2 }, Kyiv, Golosieve forest, banks of pond “Didorovs’kiy”, 26.08.1999; {, 5.09.1999; 2 }, Golosieve District, sandy area near Williams street, 12.08.2002; 5 {, 9 }, Sovky, coast of pond, humid meadow, 30–31.07.2002; 3 {, 5 }, 9.08.2002; {, 27.08.2004; {, Kyiv Region, Myronivka District, environs of Tulyntzy, feather-grass steppe with shrubs, 4.06.2003 (Verves); Russia: {, }, Moscow Region, envorons of Krasnaya Pakhra, Malinky, from pupae in birch decomposed wood 19, 29.05.1973, exit 7, 16.06.1973 (V. Kovalev) (PCV); {, 4 }, Molotov [now Perm] Region, environs of Kungur, forestry farm “Preduralye”, 20.06.1957, 8, 15 and 17.07.1957, 23.06.1960, meadows on bank of Sylva River, on flowers of 228 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Heracleum sp. (Borisova); {, “Klukhorskiy rayon, Gruzia” [now Karachay-Cherkessia], Teberda, 14.07.[1]939 (Stepanov); }, Tyumen’ Region, Berdhuzhye, 30.06.[19]63 (G. Veselkin); }, Tomsk, 4.07.[19]64 (N. Kolomyietz); }, formerly Tomsk government [now Khakassia], environs of Abakan, mouth of Matur River, 30.06.[18]97; {, Kyzas River N of Abakan, 29.06.[18]97 (Wagner) (ZISP); {, Altay, banks of Teletzkoe lake, 10.06.[19]68 (N. Kolomyietz); 3 }, Uymen’, 6.07.[19]60 and 5.07.[19]62 (A. Rasnitzyn) (PCV); 2 {, }, Krasnoyarskiy Kray, S of Taseevo, 30.06.[19]73, 3 and 5.07.[19]73; }, Pochet, 10.08.[19]74 (N. Kolomyietz) (ZISP); }, Buryatia, Baysa on Vitim River, 26.07.1969 (Sukhacheva) (PCV); }, Primorskiy Kray, Pidan Ridge, Khualaza, 3.07.1963 (Narchuk); }, Mt Kuklinskaya, 24.06.[19]36; {, Mt Morozovskaya, 16.07.[19]36; 2 {, 3 }, Mt Podnebesnaya, 26–27.06 and 3.07.[19]36; 2 }, Sankhobe, 17.07.[19]36, on flowering Apiaceae; }, Mt Serebryanaya, 1.08.[19]36 (Grunin) (ZISP); {, }, Southern Sakhalin, Aniva District, Novoaleksandrovsk, larvae in decomposing wood, coll. summer 1987, exit January-March 1988 (M. Nesterov) (SIZK); }, Georgia: Abkhazia: Novyy Afon, 19.07.[19]53 (B. Rohdendorf); {, }, “Sukhum” [Sukhumi] (collector unknown, probably I. Portschinsky); Azerbaijan: {, Geokchay, 4.06.[19]56; }, 229Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Fig. 7. Macronychia, male genitalia (after Verves, 1982 b): surstylus and cercus laterally: 1 — M. lemariei, 2 — M. striginervis; aedeagus and gonites laterally: 3 — M. xuei, 4 — M. alpestris; postabdomen laterally: 5 — M. agrestis. Ðèñ. 7. Macronychia, ãåíèòàëèè ñàìöîâ (ïî: Verves, 1982 b): ñóðñòèëü è öåðêà ñáîêó: 1 — M. lemariei, 2 — M. striginervis; ýåäåàãóñ è ãîíèòû ñáîêó: 3 — M. xuei, 4 — M. alpestris; ïîñòàáäîìåí ñáîêó: 5 — M. agrestis. 3.08.1957 (G. Trofimov) }, Talysh, Lerik District, Kosmolyan, 8.06.1967 (V. Richter) (ZISP); {, environs of Amburder, 31.05.1976 (Dolin) (PCV); Kazakhstan: {, Aksu-Dzhabagly Nature Reserve, 11.06.1965 (L. Zimina) (ZMUM). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Austria; Azerbaijan; Czech Republic (Moravia); Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Georgia (including Abkhazia); Hungary; Ireland; Italy; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Jordan; Kazakhstan; Moldova; Norway; Poland; Portugal (Madeira); Romania; Russia (European Territory: Karachay-Cherkessia, Leningrad, Moscow, Perm, Stavropol’ and Voronezh Regions; West Siberia: Altay, Khakassia, Novosibirsk, Tomsk* and Tyumen’* Regions; East Siberia: Buryatia, Krasnoyarskiy Kray; Far East: Amur Region, Primorye, Sakhalin); Slovakia; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Tibet; Turkmenistan; Ukraine (Cherkasy, Chernigiv, Dnipropetrovs’k, Ivano-Frankivs’k, Kharkiv, Krym Republic, Kyiv, L’viv, Poltava, Rivne, Sumy, Vinnytsya and Zakarpattya Regions); United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; Afrotropical: Kenya; South Africa. Larvae are inquilines in the nests of sphecid wasps Ectemnius [= Clytochrysus] cav- ifrons. Flying activity from May to September; flies are common on various flowers, preferring outskirts of forests and meadows, usually hygrophilous. Creator spissicornis (Hymenoptera, Megasphilidae) is known as parasite in its puparia. Macronychia (s. str.) substriginervis Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. Type ma t e r i a l. Holotype }, Ukraine, Kyiv, Sovky, humid meadow nr pond, 30.07.2002 (Verves) (SIZK); Paratypes, }, same label data as in holotype (PCV); }, Kyiv, Theophania, humid meadow nr pond, 25.08.1999 (Verves) (PCV); {, Dnipropetrovs’k Region, Novomoskovs’k District, environs of Andriyivka, 45°15' N 35°00' E, humid meadows along Samara River, 100–110 m a. s. l., 5.08.2000 (Verves) (SIZK); Russia: }, Krasnoyarskiy Kray, Pochet, 5.07.[19]74 (Kolomyietz); Turkmenistan: }, source of Ipay-Kala River, 40 km SW of Bakharden, 1500 m a. s. l., 29.06.[1]972 (Narchuk); Uzbekistan: }, Aman-Kutan, 21.06.[19]38 (N. Fursov) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Russia (Siberia); Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan. D i a gno s i s. This species fits near Macronychia (s. str.) striginervis (Zetterstedt, 1844) in postgenae and occiput covered with black hairs, in black basicosta and shape of male genitalia and female ovipositor, but differing by an absence of distinct mediomarginal bristles on 2nd tergite. De s c r i p t i o n. Ma l e a nd f ema l e. Head: Frons 0.29–0.30 times as wide as head at level of posterior and 0.35–0.40 at level of antennal base. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial densely greyish white dusted, frontal vitta greyish black, at level of ante- rior ocellus 1.3–2.0 times as wide as fronto-orbital plate, as wide at anterior margin as at posterior. Flagellomere 1.2–1.4 times as long as pedicel, arista almost bare, micro- scopically pubescent, thickened in basal 0.5, antenna entirely greyish black; palpi slight- ly widened at apex, brownish black. Proboscis about 3–4 times as long as high. Parafacial at level of antennal base equals 0.26–0.28x, genae 0.31–0.38x of eye-height. One regular row of postocular setae presents; outer vertical bristles strong, about 0.4–0.5 times as long as inner vertical bristles; ocellar bristles strong and long, direct- ed latero-anteriorly; one pair of distinct postocellar bristles present; orbital bristles strong, 1 + 2–3; 8–14 pairs of moderately long frontal bristles present; fronto-orbitals covered with moderately long erect black setae. Parafacial with 2–4 irregural rows of fine black setae along facial ridge. Face and lunula light silver-grey dusted, genal groove and facial ridge reddish, slightly white pubescent. Vibrissa well-developed; subvibrissal setae black, moderately long and relatively strong. Genae, postgenae and occiput silver grey dusted, covered with black setae. Thorax: black, densely light-grey dusted, covered with black hairs; mesonotum with a single broad median and two lateral stripes (transiting from black at anterior margin to light-brown in posterior half), median stripe subdivided into three narrower ones near transverse suture. Scutellum black, with grey pruinescence on apex. Lateral 230 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo parts of thorax densely greyish white dusted. acr 2–3 + 2–3 (usually only one pres- cutellar pair strong and distinct, the others ones short and hair-liked), dc 2–3 + 3, strong; ial 0 + 3–4; prs 1; spal 3–4; h 3–4; ph 2–3; proanepisternum bare; npl 2, in addition to those bristles the notopleural area covered with a single erect seta in male and 3–6 similar hairs in females; anepisternum in hind half covered with moderately long and dense hairs and a row of 6–8 more long and strong posterior bristles; katepis- ternum with long anterior and posterior bristles (1 + 1), a patch of long erect hairs pre- sent between them; scutellum with long and strong paired crossed preapical, lateral and basal bristles, apical ones absent, one pair of discals well-developed, much longer than discal hairs. Fore and hind metathoracic spiracles brownish black. Wing: hyaline, not obscured; veins blackish brown; basicosta and tegula brownish black. Costal spine very short, indistinct; cell r4+5 open; vein R1 bare, node of vein R4+5 with 1–2 black setae above and below; vein dm-cu distinctly s-formed curved; M rect- angular; ratio of 3rd and 5th costal section lengths 1 : 0.9–1.1; ratio of 2nd and 3rd M section lengths 1 : 0.4–0.5. Thoracic squama yellowish white, bare on upper surface. Halter light brown except for whitish knob. Legs: claws elongate, slightly curved, as long as 5th tarsomere; fore tibia with 2 p and 2–3 very short spine-liked ad on basal half; mid tibia with 2 ad, 2 p and 1 v; hind tibia with rows of several fine and 2–4 strong ad and pd, and 1 av. Abdomen: narrow, elongate-conic, black, densely light grey dusted, with three elongate triangle black spots on 2–5th tergites; 2rd tergite without mediomarginals or those bristles hair-liked, not erect; 3rd tergite with a pair of moderately long mediomarginal bristles; 4th and 5th tergites with rows of marginal bristles. Each of 2–4th sternites covered with long erect hairs. Male genitalia and ovipositor as in M. striginervis. Length: 7.5 mm in male, 7.0–12.5 mm, including the length of ovipositor, in females. E t ymo l o g y. The species name is composed of “striginervis”, the name of close- ly related species and prefix “sub” (latin “near”) referring to their similarity. Subgenus Moschusa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 139; Verves, 1982 b: 240; 1983: 350; 1986: 59; Povolny ´, Verves, 1997: 56. T yp e s p e c i e s: Tachina polyodon Meigen, 1824, by original designation. Theone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863: 401, as genus (Junior homonym of Theone Gistl, 1857; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). T yp e s p e c i e s: Theone trifaria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (= Tachina polyodon Meigen, 1824), by designation of Townsend, 1916: 9. Dolichamobia Townsend, 1915 b: 408. T yp e s p e c i e s: Dolichamobia auromaculata Townsend, 1915; by original designation. Theonioides Strand, 1917: 92, replacement name for Theone Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863. Macronychia (Moschusa) agrestis (Falle ´n, 1810) (fig. 3, 5; 7, 5) Falle ´n, 1810: 270; Se ´guy, 1941: 324; Venturi, 1960: 109; Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Miha´lyi, 1979 b: 63; Verves, 1982 a: 547; 1982 b: 241; 1986: 59; Pape, 1987: 80; Verves, 1990: 520; Draber-Mon ´ko, 1991 b: 246; Pape, 1996: 94; Povolny´, 1997: 98; Povolny´, Verves, 1997: 56; Pape, Merz, 1998: 338; Verves, 1998: 49; Papp, 2001: 427. Ma t e r i a l. Hungary: }, Zalasza ´nta´ Ta´tlka, 15–18.07.1958 (HNM); {, Ve´rteskozma, Fa ´nien-v., 7.07.1961 (F. Miha ´lyi) (PCV); Ukraine, {, environs of Kharkiv, 28.06.1887, on flowers Aegopodium sp. (Jaroszewsky) (ZISP); {, }, environs of Kyiv, Theophania, humid meadow near pond, 16.08.2002 (Verves) (PCV); Russia: {, Moscow Region, Prioksko-Terrasnyy reserve, 22.06.[19]48, on flowers (Lomakina); {, Altay, Koyshanak, 7.07.[19]64 (N. Violovich) (ZISP); {, Buryatia, Vitim basin, Dzhidotoy, 12.06.[19]61 (Chernova) (PCV). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Austria; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Norway; Poland; Russia (European Territory; West Siberia: Altay; East Siberia: Buryatia); Slovakia; Sweden; Ukraine. 231Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… Larvae are inquilines in nests of sphecid wasps Psenulus sp. Flies are common in hygrophytic forests, especially on outskirts. Flies feed on flowers of Aegopodium and Heracleum. Flying period in Central Europe in May-Septemder, with peak in July. Macronychia (Moschusa) alpestris Rondani, 1865 (fig. 4, 5; 7, 4) Rondani, 1865: 218; Jacentkovsky´, 1941: 4, 9; Venturi, 1960: 108; Pape, 1987: 80; Verves, 1990: 520; Draber- Mon´ko, 1991 a: 97; Fan, Pape, 1996: 239; Pape, 1996: 94; Povolny´, 1997: 98; Povolny´, Verves, 1997: 56; Verves, 1998: 49; Pape, Merz, 1998: 338; Pape et al., 2002: 218. dumosum Pandelle´, 1895: 301, Miltogramma; Verves, 1982 a: 547; 1982 b: 242; 1984: 528; 1986: 59; Draber- Mon´ko, 1991 b: 246. conica [misidentification: not Amobia conica Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830]: Schiner, 1862: 502; Bezzi, 1907: 519; Se´guy, 1941: 325; Venturi, 1960: 109; Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Miha´lyi, 1979 b: 61; Papp, 2001: 427. Ma t e r i a l. Germany: {, Bavaria, Zwieselstein O �tztal, 1450 m a. s. l., 21.07.1953 (Lindner) (SMNS); Hungary: }, Bakony — sz. la ´szló, 30.07.1959 (F. Miha ´lyi (HNM); {, “Eger 7” and second label “Macr. agrestis Falle ´n, Kowarz det.” (ZISP); Lithuania: {, 10.07.[19]01 (Sintenis; coll. Lichtwardt); Ukraine: {, environs of Kharkiv, 28.06. [18]87 (Jaroszewsky); Russia: 2 {, }, Irkutsk Region, Balagansk District, Kharyuzovka, 21.07.1932 (A. Zakhvatkin) (ZISP); Kazakhstan: }, East Kazakhstan Region, bank of Karaungur River, 12.06.[19]67 (Pritykina); Tadjikistan, {, Shurab, 11.10.1961 (collector unknown) (PCV); 3 {, }, Gissar Ridge, pass Anzob, 15.07.[1]956 (Grunin); Mongolia: {, Ara Khangaiin Aimak, 40 km SSW of Tevshrulekh, 18.06.[1]975 (Narchuk); {, Bayan-Ulegey Aimak, bank of Ikh-Dzhargalantyn-gol River, 20 km NW of Bulgan, 6.07.1980 (M. Kozlov) (ZISP); {, }, Dzavhan Aimak, Choit chunch, 26 km ENE of Telmen Nuur Lake, 2150 m a. s. l., 13.07.1968 (Kaszab) (HNM); {, East Aimak, 10 km NE of Khavirga, 21.08.[1]975; 6 {, Kobdo Aimak, Ikh-Khavtgyin-Nuru Ridge, Naryin-Bulak spring, 24.07.[1]970. (V. Zaitzev and Narchuk); {, Ubur Khangaiin Aimak, Dzhargalant, 20.07.1975 (Narchuk); {, China, Gansu [“Gumboldt Ridge, Nan’shan”], Ulan-Bulak, 15.04.[18]94 (Roborowsky and Kozlov) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Austria; China (Gansu); Czech Republic; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Italy; Kazakhstan; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Mongolia (Ara Khangaiin, Bayan-Ulegey, Dzavhan, East, Ho �vsgo�l, Kobdo and Ubur Khangaiin aimaks); Poland; Russia (East Siberia: Buryatia); Slovakia; Spain; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Ukraine (Kyiv and Kharkiv* Regions). Larvae in nests of wasps: eumenids Eumenes sp., Ancistrocerus [= Odynerus] pari- etum, and vespid Polistes gallicus. Flying period in Mid-Europe in June–August. Flies feed on flowering Petroselinum sativum and other Apiaceae. Macronychia (Moschusa) auromaculata (Townsend, 1915) (fig. 4, 2) Townsend, 1915 b: 408, Dolichamobia; Lopes, 1969: 6, Dolichamobia; Verves, 1983: 348; Pape, 1996: 95. Ma t e r i a l. Chile: {, Arica, with second label “Dolichamobia auromaculata Townsend Det. H. S. Lo- pes” (MNB). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Neotropical Region: Chile (Arica, Nuble, Tarapaca ´); Ecuador; Peru. Macronychia (Moschusa) confundens (Townsend, 1915) Townsend, 1915 a: 20; Downes, 1965: 936; O’Hara et al., 2000: 172; Pape, 1996: 95; Spofford, Kurczewski, 1992: 993; Spofford et al., 1989: 256; Verves, 1983: 351. Ma t e r i a l. USA: }, Minnesota, University Farm, Ramsey, 15.08.1954, on corn (Warters) (USNM). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Nearctic Region: Canada (Alberta, Nova Scotia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota). Larvae develop in nests of sphecid wasps Bembix sayi, Crabro advena and Oxybelus uniglumis. Flying period in June–August. Macronychia (Moschusa) griseola (Falle ´n, 1820) griseola Falle ´n, 1820: 10; Draber-Mon ´ko, 1991 b: 246; Fan, 1992: 584; Fan, Pape, 1996: 239; Lin, Chen, 1999: 116; Miha´lyi, 1979 b: 61; Pape, 1987: 81; 1996: 95; Pape, Merz, 1998: 338; Papp, 2001: 427; Povolny ´, 232 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Verves, 1997: 57; Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Se´guy, 1941: 325; Venturi, 1960: 109; Verves, 1982 a: 546; 1982 b: 244; 1984: 528; 1986: 60; 1990: 519; 1998: 49; 2000: 123; Wainwright, 1928: 235; viatica Meigen, 1824: 321, Tachina. Ma t e r i a l. Czech Republic: }, Moravia, Strachotl ´n, light trap, 1.08.1978 (V. Be � ll ´n (MU); Germany: }, Siegen, Zocht, bred from nest Coleocrabro cinxius2 in branch of Rubus (H. Wolf); }, with labels, “Wu�rttemberg, v. Roser [collector], 1872–1875”, “blonda Z” and “Macronychia griseola Fall., Villeneuve det.”; {, [Germany ?] labelled, “Genthinstein, G”, “471” and “Macronychcia griseola Fall., Stein det. 1921”; Hungary: }, “Ungarn, Flugsandsteppe Sa ´jo`, 21.07.[18]95” and second label, ”Macronychcia griseola Fall., Stein det. 1921”; }, “Ungarn, Flugsandsteppe Sa ´jo`” (SMNS); Russia: }, “Kis-jz-Miklis” and second label, ”Macronychcia griseola Fall., Stein det. 1921”; }, Leningrad Region, Luga District, Fan der Flit, 11.07.1925 (Stackelberg); }, Leningrad Region [as “S Petersburg government”], [1]919 (Fridolin; {, Orenburg Region, left bank of Ural River, near Verkhnyaya Dneprovka, 21.07.[1]932 (L. Zimin); }, Altay territory, Biysk District, Verkh-Katunskoye, 21.06.[1]967 (Litvinchuk); {, Irkutsk Region, Balagansk District, Kharyuzovka, 28.07.1932, (Zakhvatkin) (ZISP); Ukraine: }, Dnipropetrovs’k Region, Novomoskovs’k District, environs of Andriyivka, 45°15' N 35°00' E, humid meadow, on flowers of Heracleum sp., 5.08.2000 (Verves); }, Kyiv, Golosieve Distr., yard, on leaves, 19.07.2002 (Verves) (PCV); 8 {, 9 }, environs of Kyiv, Zhukiv Khutir, mesophitic meadows, on flowers of Daucus carota and Pyrethrum sp., 1, 15.06, 5, 10, 13.07, 10, 22.08, 13.09.1972 (Verves); {, }, Poltava Region, Gryakove at River Orchyk, 4.07.[18]97 (Zarudnyy); {, Sumy, 18.06.[18]84 (Jaroszevsky); Kazakhstan: }, West Kazakhstan, Urda, 22.06.1953, on Tamarix, (Rafes); Kyrgyzstan: }, Porshnev, 28.07.[19]62, garden (collector unknown); Tajikistan: }, West Pamir, bank of Sangou-Dara River, 3000 m a. s. l., 22.08.1962 (Syczevskaya) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Austria; Byelorussia; China (Neimenggu); Czech Republic (Moravia); Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Ireland; Kazakhstan (East Kazakstan); Kyrgyzstan; Poland; Russia (European Territory: Leningrad, Orenburg and Voronezh Regions; West Siberia: Altay; East Siberia: Irkutsk Region); Slovakia; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Ukraine (Cherkasy, Chernigiv, Dnipropetrovs’k, Ivano-Frankivs’k, Kharkiv, Kirovograd, Krym Republic, Kyiv, L’viv, Poltava, Rivne, Sumy*, Ternopil’, Zakarpattya and Zhytomyr Regions); United Kingdom. Oriental Region: Taiwan. Larvae were recorded from nests of sphecid wasp Oxybelus sp. Flying period in mid-Europe from May to September. Flies common mesophitic meadows where they feed on flowers, especially Boraginaceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apiaceae and Asteraceae. In mountains on altitudes to 3000 m a. s. l. Macronychia (Moschusa) polyodon (Meigen, 1824) (fig. 4, 6) Tachina polyodon Meigen, 1824: 302; Schiner, 1862: 502; Wainwright, 1928: 235; Se ´guy, 1941: 325; Venturi, 1960: 110; Rohdendorf, 1970: 631; Kurahashi, 1972: 176; Khitzova, 1977: 19; Miha ´lyi, 1979 b: 61; Artamonov, 1980: 32; Verves, 1982 a: 547; 1982 b: 246; 1984: 528; 1986: 60; 1990: 520; Pape, 1987: 83; Draber-Mon´ko, 1991 b: 246; Fan, 1992: 584; Artamonov, 1993: 223; Fan, Pape, 1996: 239; Pape, 1996: 96; Adema, 1997: 103; Povolny´, 1997: 98; Povolny´, Verves, 1997: 57; Pape, Merz, 1998: 338; Verves, 1998: 49; Chandler et al., 2000: 18; Papp, 2001: 427; Pape et al., 2002: 218; Verves, 2003: 44. trifaria Robineau-Devoidy, 1863: 402, Theone. villana Robineau-Devoidy, 1863: 402, Theone. sylvestris Rondani, 1865: 218, Macronichia. Ma t e r i a l. Switzerland: {, Tessin, Gordola, 8.08.[19]69 (collector unknown) (PCV); Germany: {, Wolfratshaus, Hu �tte, Lecht. A, 14.07.[19]31 (Lindner), and second label, “Macronychia dumosa Pand., Villeneuve det.” (SMNS); Czech Republic: {, N Moravia, Klokoc ´ov, Vitkov forest edge, 20.07.1991, coll. R. Rozkovsny´ (MU); {, Hungary, Asch, 19.07.1875, N 570 and second label, “Macr. agrestis Falle ´n Kowarz det.”; {, Sajo ` (collector unknown) (ZISP); }, Va ´cra´to´t, 30.07.1959, coll. Lipthay; {, Fa ´ca´nkert, 23.06.1965, fe´nycsapda, (Miha´lyi) (HNM); Russia: 2 {, 3 }, Leningrad Region, Luga District, Yashchera, 17.07.1967 and 18.07.1971 (Stackelberg) (ZISP); {, Samara [as “Kuybyshev”], 1957 (collector unknown) (PCV); {, Tatarstan, Kazan’, 4.06.[18]71, and second label, “Macr. agrestis Fall., Kowarz det.”; {, Volgograd, 12.08.1960 (V. Zaitzev); }, “Klukhorskiy rayon, Gruzia” [now Karachay-Cherkessia], Teberda, 20.07.1939 (Stepanov); {, Altay, 20 km SE of Onguday, 28.06.1964 (Narchuk) (ZISP); {, Altay territory, Biysk, 10.07.1966 (N. Kolomyietz); {, Biysk District, Verkh-Katunskoye, 21.06.1967 (Litvinchuk) (ZISP); 2 {, }, Chita, 5.07.1977, 26–29.06.1983 (Zherikhin and D. Szerbakov) (PCV); {, Sakhalin, Yuzhno- Sakhalinsk, 19.07.1956 (Violovich) (ZISP); Ukraine: }, Cherkasy Region, environs of Cherkasy, 2.05.1988 (Zrazhewsky) (SIZK); {, Kaniv Reserve, 7.06.2003, shrubs near pond; {, Smila District, Zalevky, 233Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… 2 This sphecid species is recorded for the first time as the host of M. griseola. 27.06.1960, on leaves of elm (Rogocha); {, Chernivtzi Region, Vyzhnytzya District, 1 km S of Lopushnya, humid meadow near River, 600 m a. s. l., 21.07.2000 (Verves) (PCV); }, “Crymea” (Portschinsky) (ZISP); {, }, 6 km SW of Alushta, 26.07.1975, bushes, 200 m a. s. l. (Verves); 2 {, Kyiv, Golosieve forest, banks of pond “Didorovs’kiy”, 26.08.1999 and 11.07.2002; }, Sovky, coast of pond, humid meadow, 30–31.07.2002; }, Golosieve District, Vasylkivs’ka street 98, yard, on leaves, 17.06.2002; 16 }, 4–22.07.2002 (Verves) (PCV); }, Golosieve District, 15.07.[19]31; }, Kyiv Region, Bilychy, 18.08.1932; {, Fastiv, 29.07.[19]25, (Belanovskiy) (SIZK); }, Kharkiv Region, Kuryazh, 14.08.1884 (Jaroszewsky) (ZISP); }, Ternopil’ Region [as “Volyn’ government”], Krasne (V. Karavaev); 2 {, Zhytomyr Region [as “Kyiv government”], Korostyshiv, 21.06.1905 (Wagner) (SIZK); Israel: {, “Palestine”, Judean Highlands, 15.07.[19]30 (collector unknown) (BMNH); Tajikistan: }, Garm District, environs of Karaylyabiob, 4.07.1947 (Syczewskaya); 2 }, Varzob, Kondara, 1100 m a. s. l., 14.08.1937 and 14.09.1938 (Gussakovsky); }, Kukhinal 60 km S of Khorog, 2500 m a. s. l., 18.07.1964 (V. Zaitzev) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Andorra; Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; China (Beijing, Neimenggu); Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Malta; Moldova; Mongolia (South Gobi Aimak); Morocco; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Russia (European Territory: Leningrad, Moscow, Samara, Stavropol’, Tatarstan, Volgograd and Voronezh Regions; West Siberia: Altay, Novosibirsk and Tomsk Regions; East Siberia: Chita Region; Far East: Amur Region, Khabarovskiy Kray, Primorye, Sakhalin); Serbia; Slovakia; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Ukraine; United Kingdom. Larvae feed as inquilines in nests of sphecid wasps Cenomus sp., Clytochrysis chrysostomus, Coleocrabro cinxius, Crossocerus elongatulus, Ectemnius rubicola, Lestica lapidarius, Oxybelus sp., Pemphredon sp., Solenius larvatus, bumblebees Bombus horto- rum and B. terrestris and were reared also from dead wood. Flies are common on out- skirts of mesophytic forests and at scrubs of mountainous region from April to September in mid-Europe. Imago nectarophagous, on flowering Apiaceae (Aegopodium, Heracleum, Pastinaca, etc.), Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae. The hymenopteran Dibrachys boucheanus is known to be a parasite in puparia. Macronychia (Moschusa) richterae Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. Type ma t e r i a l. Holotype {, Russia, Chita Region, 9 km W of station Urulyunguy, 5.07.[1]975, steppe (V. Richter) (ZISP). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Russia (East Siberia: Chita Region). D i a gno s i s. This species is similar to Macronychia (Moschusa) griseola (Falle ´n, 1820) by absence of lateral black spots on abdominal tergites, but well differentiated by black basicosta. De s c r i p t i o n. Ma l e. Head: Frons at level of posterior ocelli 0.28 times, at level of antennal base 0.45 as wide as head. Fronto-orbital plate densely dark grey microtri- chose, frontal vitta in anterior part brownish red, its posterior part black, sparsely light brownish-grey pollinose, at level of anterior ocellus 2 times as wide as fronto-orbital plate, as wide at anterior as at posterior margin, but narrowed at level of upper recli- nate orbital setae. Flagellomere 1.3 times as long as pedicel, arista almost bare, micro- scopically pubescent, thickened in basal 0.5, flagellomere greyish black, scapus and pedicel brownish black; palpus not widened at apex, brownish black. Proboscis about 3–4 times as long as high. Parafacial reddish, slightly whitish grey microtrichose, at level of antennal base 0.28 times as wide as, gena 0.28–0.29 times as wide as eye high. Three regular rows of postocular setae present; outer vertical bristle strong, about 0.5 ti- mes as long as inner vertical bristles; ocellar bristles strong and long, directed latero- anteriorly; 2–3 pairs of fine postocellar bristles present; orbital bristles strong, 1 + 2; 7 pairs of moderately long frontal bristles present; fronto-orbitals covered with dense short black setae. Parafacial with 3 irregular rows of fine black setae along facial ridge. Face and lunula light silver-grey microtrichose, genal groove and facial ridge reddish, slightly white pubescent. Vibrissa well-developed; subvibrissal setae black, moderately 234 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo long and relatively strong. Gena grey microtrichose, covered with black setae, postge- na and occiput grey pollinose too, with black hairs only. Thorax: black, densely grey microtrichose, covered with black hairs; mesonotum with 3 median and two lateral stripes; all these stripes black, except median stripe black to light-brown. Scutellum entirely grey microtrichose. Lateral parts of thorax densely grey microtrichose. acr 2–3 + 2, only prescutellar pair long and strong, other short and indistinct; dc 2+3, strong; ial 1 + 3; prs 1; spal 3; h 3; ph 2; proanepisternum bare; npl 2, in addition to those bristles the notopleural area covered with 5–6 fine hairs; anepis- ternum in posterior half with moderately long and dense hairs and row of 5–7 longer and stronger posterior bristles; katepisternum with long anterior and posterior bristles (1 + 1), patch of long erect hairs between them; scutellum with long and strong paired crossed preapical, lateral and basal bristles, apical ones absent, 3 pairs of discals well- developed, much longer than discal hairs. Fore and hind metathoracic spiracles brown- ish black. Wing: hyaline, not obscured, veins blackish brown; basicosta and tegula black. Costal spine very short, indistinct; cell r4+5 open; vein R1 bare, node of vein R4+5 with 2–3 black setae above and below; vein dm-cu distinctly s-shaped curved; M rectangu- lar; ratio of 3rd and 5th costal sections 1 : 1; 2nd and 3rd M section length ratio 1 : 0.4. Thoracic squama yellowish white, bare on upper surface. Halter light brown except whitish knob. Legs: claws elongate, slightly curved, as long as 5th tarsomere; fore tibia with 3 p and 2–3 very short spine-liked ad on basal half; mid tibia with 2 ad, 2 p and 1 v; hind tibia with rows of several fine and 2–3 strong ad and pd, and 1 av. Abdomen: narrow, elongate-conic, entirely grey with narrow median longitudinal dark stripe and without lateral black spots on 2–5th tergites. 2rd and 3rd tergites without of mediomarginal bristles; 4th and 5th tergites with rows of marginal bristles. Each of 2–4th sternites covered with long erect hairs. Genitalia: small, not prominent, 6th tergite, 7 th + 8th syntergosternite and epandri- um black, distinctly grey microtrichose, with row of mediomarginal bristles. Cerci, gonites and aedeagus are typical for subgenus Moschusa. F ema l e unknown. Length 8.5 mm. E t ymo l o g y. This species is named in honor of collector, famous Russian ento- mologist, Professor Vera A. Richter (Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg). Macronychia (Moschusa) utahensis (Smith, 1916) (fig. 2, 2, 5; 3, 3; 4, 3) utahensis Smith, 1916: 95 (Amobia); Downes, 1965: 936; Pape, 1996: 96. townsendi Verves, 1983: 353. Ma t e r i a l. Holotype { of M. townsendi: USA, Washington State, Mt Rainer, White River, 19.07.1924, on Heracleum sp. (coll. A. L. Melander). Paratypes of M. townsendi: {, 20.07.1924 (coll. A. L. Melander); {, Yakima Park, 22.07.1924 (coll. A. L. Melander) (USNM). Distribution. Nearctic Region: Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territory); USA (Utah, Washington). Macronychia (Moschusa) xuei Verves et Khrokalo, sp. n. (fig. 7, 3) alpestris 3: Pape, 1996: 94, in part; Verves, 1990: 520, pro parte (misidentification, not Rondani, 1865). dumosum: Verves, 1982 a: 547; 1982 b: 242; 1984: 528; 1986: 59, pro parte (misidentification, not Pandellé, 1895). T yp e ma t e r i a l. Holotype {, Russia, Buryatia, left bank of Vitim River near Nakholonda, 14.07.1961 (Chernova) (SIZK). Paratypes: Russia: 2 {, Chita Region, Borzya District, environs of Soktuy station, 17 and 19.08.1958; {, environs of Sharasun, 12.08.1958 (Grunin) (ZISP); Mongolia: {, Bayan-Ulegey Aimak, bank of Ikh-Dzhargalantyn-gol River, 20 km NW of Bulgan, 4–6.07.1980 (Kerzhner) (ZISP); {, Central Aimak, Ulaan chodag, 16 km S von Somon O �ngorschireet, 1500 m a. s. l., 24.07.1966 (Kaszab) (PCV); }, Dzavhan Aimak, Choit chunch, 26 km ONO von See Telmen Nuur, 2150 m a. s. l., 13.07.1968 (Kaszab 235Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)… 3 This species was partly confused with alpestirs occuring in Western Palaearctic. (HNM); }, East Aimak, bank of Numergin-gol River, 32 km SE of Mt Salkhit, 6.08.1976, coll. M. Kozlov; }, Selenga Aimak, banks of Ero-gol River, environs of somon Dulan-Khan, 4.07.1975, steppe, (Sugonyaev) (ZISP); }, Uvs Nuur Aimak, 2 km O von Pass Ulaan davaa, zw. See O �rog nuur und Ulaangom, 1950 m a. s. l., 6.07.1968; }, am Fluss Changilcagijn-gol, 6 km SW von Somon Baruunturuun, 1350 m a. s. l., 4.06.1968 (Kaszab) (HNM). D i s t r i b u t i o n. Palaearctic Region: Mongolia (Bayan-Ulegey, Central, Dzavhan, East, Selenga and Uvs Nuur aimaks); Russia (East Siberia: Buryatia and Chita Region). D i a gno s i s. Similar to Macronychia (Moschusa) alpestris Rondani, 1865 in very broad parafacial covered with 4–6 irregular rows of moderately long setae, differing by mediomarginal bristles on 2nd abdominal tergite absent or indistinct. De s c r i p t i o n. Male. Head: Frons at level of posterior ocelli 0.33–0.36 times, at level of antennal base 0.40–0.45 times as wide as head. Fronto-orbital plate and parafa- cial densely greyish white microtrichose, frontal vitta entirely black, almost non-polli- nose, at level of anterior ocellus 1.2–1.8 times as wide as fronto-orbital plate, at pos- terior margin 1.0–1.2 times as wide as at anterior margin. Flagellomere 1.3–1.5 times as long as pedicel, arista almost bare, microscopically pubescent, thickened in basal 0.3–0.4, antenna entirely greyish black; palpus slightly widened at apex, brownish black. Proboscis about 3–4 times as long as high. Parafacial at level of antennal base 0.35–0.38 times as wide as, gena 0.36–0.40 times as wide as eye height. 1–2 regular rows of postocular setae present; outer vertical bristle strong, about 0.5 times as long as inner vertical bristle; ocellar bristle strong and long, directed latero-anteriorly; 2–3 pairs of fine postocellar bristles present; orbital bristles strong, 1 + 2–4; 11–15 pairs of mod- erately long frontal bristles present; fronto-orbital plate covered with moderately long erect black setae. Parafacial with 4–6 irregular rows of fine black setae along facial ridge. Face and lunula grey microtrichose, genal groove and facial ridge reddish, slight- ly white pubescent. Vibrissa well-developed; subvibrissal setae black, moderately long and relatively strong. Gena grey microtrichose, covered with black setae, postgena and occiput grey pollinose, covered with black hairs. Thorax: black, densely grey microtrichose, covered with black hairs; mesonotum with a median broad and two lateral stripes, median stripe subdivided into three nar- rower ones near transverse suture; all these stripes transiting from black at anterior mar- gin to light-brown in posterior half). Scutellum grey microtrichose, with black lateral margins. Lateral parts of thorax densely grey microtrichose. acr 3–4 + 2, dc 2–3 + 3–4, strong; ial 0–1 + 3; prs 1; spal 3–4; h 4–6; ph 1–3; proanepisternum bare; npl 2, in addition to those bristles the notopleural area covered with numerous erect hairs; anepisternum in hind half covered with moderately long and dense hairs and row of 6–8 more long and strong posterior bristles; katepisternum with long ante- rior and posterior bristles (1 + 1), patch of long erect hairs between them; scutellum with long and strong paired crossed preapical, lateral and basal bristles, apicals absent, one pair of discals well-developed, much longer than discal hairs. Fore and hind metathoracic spiracles brownish black. Wing: hyaline, distinctly obscured in antero-apical part; veins blackish brown; basi- costa and tegula black. Costal spine very short, indistinct; cell r4+5 open; vein R1 bare, node of vein R4+5 with 1–2 black setae above and below; vein dm-cu slightly curved, almost straight; M rectangular; 3rd : 5th costal sections ratio: 1 : 1.0–1.2; 2nd and 3rd M section length ratio: 1: 0.2–0.4. Thoracic squama yellowish white, bare on upper sur- face. Halter light brown except whitish knob. Legs: claws elongate, slightly curved, as long as 5th tarsomere; fore tibia with 2 p and 2–3 very short spine-like ad on basal half; mid tibia with 2–3 ad, 2–3 p and 1 v; hind tibia with rows of several fine and 2–3 strong ad and pd, and 1 av. Abdomen: narrow, elongate conic, black, densely light grey microtrichose, with three elongate triangle black spots on 2–5th tergites; 2rd tergite without, or with very fine and short, mediomarginal bristles; 3rd, 4th and 5th tergites with rows of marginal bristles. Each of 2–4th sternites covered with long erect hairs. 236 Yu. G. Verves, L. A. Khrokalo Genitalia: small, not prominent, 6th tergite, 7+8th syntergosternite and epandrium black, distinctly grey microtrichose, with row of mediomarginal bristles. Cerci, gonites and aedeagus typical for subgenus Moschusa. F ema l e. Very similar to male, but dark spots on abdomen less distinct. Frontal vitta brownish, distinctly grey pollinose, at level of anterior ocellus as wide as one of the fronto-orbital plates. Length: Male 9.0–10.5 mm, female 6.0–11.5 mm. E t ymo l o g y. This species is named in honor of eminent Chinese dipterist, Dr. Wan-qui Xue (Hsue), Institute of Entomology, University of Shenyang. We thank the following colleagues, who kindly put the material discussed in this paper at our disposal, for sending literature and for other invaluable assistance: A. Draber-Mon ´ko (Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii, Warzsawa), F. Fan (Shanghai Institute of Entomology; deceased), A. Freidberg (TAU), R. J. Gagne ´ (USNM), V. A. Korneyev (SIZK), H. 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Review of Macronychiinae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) of the World

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