Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties
Two types of nano-microcomposite coatings Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ of 160 to 320 јm thickness were manufactured using two deposition technologies: cumulative-detonation and vacuum-arc deposition in HF discharge. The combined coatings restored worn areas of tools and dem...
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Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України
2010
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irk-123456789-988772016-04-19T03:02:20Z Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties Erdybaeva, N.K. Two types of nano-microcomposite coatings Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ of 160 to 320 јm thickness were manufactured using two deposition technologies: cumulative-detonation and vacuum-arc deposition in HF discharge. The combined coatings restored worn areas of tools and demonstrated high corrosion and wear resistance, increased hardness, elastic modulus, and plasticity index. Отримано два види комбінованих нанокомпозитних покриттів (Ti-N-Si/WC-Co-Cr; TI-N-Si/ (Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅) товщиною 160 ё 320 мкм з використанням двох технологій осадження: кумулятивно-детонаційним з подальшим осадженням за допомогою вакуумно-дугового джерела у ВЧ розряді. Що дає можливість, за допомогою комбінованого покриття, відновлювати розмір зношених ділянок виробів із захистом їх від корозії, зносу, при цьому збільшити твердість, модуль пружності, індекс пластичності. Получено два вида комбинированных нанокомпозитных покрытий (Ti-N-Si/WC-Co-Cr; Ti-N-Si/ (Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅) толщиной 160 ÷ 320 мкм с использованием двух технологий осаждения: кумулятивно-детонационным с последующим осаждением с помощью вакуумно-дугового источника в ВЧ разряде. Что даёт возможность, при помощи, комбинированного покрытия восстанавливать размер изношенных участков изделий с защитой их от коррозии, износа, при этом увеличить твердость, модуль упругости, индекс пластичности. 2010 Article Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and tTi-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties / N.K. Erdybaeva // Физическая инженерия поверхности. — 2010. — Т. 8, № 2. — С. 180–187. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. 1999-8074 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/98877 en Физическая инженерия поверхности Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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DSpace DC |
| language |
English |
| description |
Two types of nano-microcomposite coatings Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ of
160 to 320 јm thickness were manufactured using two deposition technologies: cumulative-detonation
and vacuum-arc deposition in HF discharge. The combined coatings restored worn areas of tools and
demonstrated high corrosion and wear resistance, increased hardness, elastic modulus, and plasticity
index. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Erdybaeva, N.K. |
| spellingShingle |
Erdybaeva, N.K. Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties Физическая инженерия поверхности |
| author_facet |
Erdybaeva, N.K. |
| author_sort |
Erdybaeva, N.K. |
| title |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| title_short |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| title_full |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| title_fullStr |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and Ti-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| title_sort |
nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on ti-si-n/wc-co-cr/steel and ti-si-n/(cr₃c₂ )₇₅-(nicr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties |
| publisher |
Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| url |
http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/98877 |
| citation_txt |
Nano-microcomposite and combined coatings on Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel and tTi-Si-N/(Cr₃C₂ )₇₅-(NiCr)₂₅ base: their structure and properties / N.K. Erdybaeva // Физическая инженерия поверхности. — 2010. — Т. 8, № 2. — С. 180–187. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Физическая инженерия поверхности |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT erdybaevank nanomicrocompositeandcombinedcoatingsontisinwccocrsteelandtisincr3c275nicr25basetheirstructureandproperties |
| first_indexed |
2025-07-07T07:11:43Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-07-07T07:11:43Z |
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| fulltext |
180 N.K. Erdybaeva, 2010
NANO-MICROCOMPOSITE AND COMBINED COATINGS ON
Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/STEEL AND Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 BASE:
THEIR STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
N.K. Erdybaeva
East-Kazahstan State University of Technology, Ust’-Kamenogorsk
Kazahstan
Received 21.06.2010
Two types of nano-microcomposite coatings Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr and Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75(NiCr)25 of
160 to 320 јm thickness were manufactured using two deposition technologies: cumulative-detonation
and vacuum-arc deposition in HF discharge. The combined coatings restored worn areas of tools and
demonstrated high corrosion and wear resistance, increased hardness, elastic modulus, and plasticity
index. The composition of top coating changed from Ti = 60 at.%, N ≈ 30 at.%, and Si ≈ 5 at.% to
N = 20 at.% and Ti – the rest. The first series of coatings indicated the following phases: (Ti, Si)N
and TiN for thin coating and WC, W2C for thick one.
The second series indicated (Cr3Ni2), pure Cr, and little amount of Ti19O17 (in transition region) for
thick coating and (Ti, Si)N, TiN for thin one.
For the first series, grain sizes reached 25nm, hardness was 38 GPa., elastic modulus E = (370 + 32)
GPa, and plasticity index H/E = 0,11 – 0,12 For the second series, grain sizes were 15 nm, hardness
essentially exceeded 42 GPa ± 4 GPa, elastic modulus E = (425 + 38) GPa, and plasticity index
H/E = 0,12 – 0,13. Corrosion resistance in salt solution and acidic media increased and cylinder-
surface friction wear decreased.
Keywords: nanocomposite,cumulative-detonation, vacuum-arc deposition, corrosion resistance,
elastic modulus
Отримано два види комбінованих нанокомпозитних покриттів (Ti-N-Si/WC-Co-Cr; TI-N-Si/
(Cr3C2Ni)75-(NiCr)25) товщиною 160 ё 320 мкм з використанням двох технологій осадження:
кумулятивно-детонаційним з подальшим осадженням за допомогою вакуумно-дугового джерела
у ВЧ розряді. Що дає можливість, за допомогою комбінованого покриття, відновлювати розмір
зношених ділянок виробів із захистом їх від корозії, зносу, при цьому збільшити твердість,
модуль пружності, індекс пластичності. Склад верхнього покриття змінювали від Ti = 60%,
N ≈30%, Si = 10% до Si = 5%; N = 20%, Ti = 75%. У першій серії покриттів виявлені фази (Ti, Si)
і TiN в тонкому верхньому покритті і WC і W2C в товстому нижньому покритті.
У другій серії, у верхньому покритті були отримані (Ti, Si) N і TiN, а в нижньому покритті
Cr3Ni2, чистий Cr; невелика кількість Ti19O17 в перехідній області між тонким і товстим
покриттям.
Розмір зерен в першому варіанті тонкого покриття складав 25 нм, при твердості 35 ГПа, а в
другому варіанті розмір зерен кристалітів складав 15 нм при твердості Н = 42 ± 3,6 ГПа.
Показано, що корозійна стійкість в сольовому розчині і кислотному середовищах збільшується,
при зменшенні зносу в результаті тертя циліндра по поверхні комбінованого покриття.
Ключові слова: нанокомпозитні покриття, кумулятивна детонація, вакуумно-дугове осад-
ження, модуль пружності, індекс пластичності, корозійна стійкість.
Получено два вида комбинированных нанокомпозитных покрытий (Ti-N-Si/WC-Co-Cr; Ti-N-Si/
(Cr3C2Ni)75-(NiCr)25) толщиной 160 ÷ 320 мкм с использованием двух технологий осаждения:
кумулятивно-детонационным с последующим осаждением с помощью вакуумно-дугового
источника в ВЧ разряде. Что даёт возможность, при помощи, комбинированного покрытия
восстанавливать размер изношенных участков изделий с защитой их от коррозии, износа, при этом
увеличить твердость, модуль упругости, индекс пластичности. Состав верхнего покрытия изменяли
от Ti = 60%, N ≈ 30%, Si = 10% до Si = 5%; N = 20%, Ti = 75%. В первой серии покрытий обнаружены
фазы (Ti; Si) и TiN в тонком верхнем покрытии и WC и W2C в толстом нижнем покрытии.
Во второй серии, в верхнем покрытии были получены (Ti, Si)N и TiN, а в нижнем покрытии
Cr3Ni2, чистый Cr; небольшое количество Ti19O17 в переходной области между тонким и толстым
покрытием.
Размер, зерен в первом варианте тонкого покрытия, составлял 25 нм, при твёрдости 35 ГПа, а во
втором варианте размер зёрен кристаллитов составлял 15 нм при твёрдости Н = 42 ± 3,6 ГПа.
Показано, что коррозионная стойкость в солевом растворе и кислотной средах увеличивается при
уменьшении износа в результате трения цилиндра по поверхности комбинированного покрытия.
Ключевые слова: нанокомпозитные покрытия кумулятивная детонация, вакуумно-дуговое
осаждение, модуль упругости, индекс пластичности, коррозионная стойкость.
ФІП ФИП PSE, 2010, т. 8, № 2, vol. 8, No. 2 181
N.K. ERDYBAEVA
INTRODUCTION
Nanocomposite materials as a class of nanoma-
terials is characterized by a heterogeneous struc-
ture, which was formed by practically non-inter-
acting phases with grain dimensions 5 to 35 nm
[1 – 3]. As a rule, components of such structures
are amorphous matrix and inclusions of nano-
crystalline phases. These amorphous components
agree in the best way with nanocrystalline surfa-
ces providing good adhesion and essentially in-
creasing hardness. Small grain dimensions of the
second phase in combination with good strength
of intergrain boundaries provide high mechanical
properties of such composition materials.
Today, nanomaterials are divided into three
classes according to their hardness values: hard
nanocomposites of ≥ 20 to 40 GPa hardness,
superhard of 40 to 80 GPa, and ultrahard of
≥ 80 GPa [3 – 4]. In addition to protecting fun-
ctions, chemical and machine building industries
need restoration of initial tool dimensions for
those tools, which already are functioning in in-
dustry. For these purposes, tools are coated with
thick coatings, the physical and mechanical pro-
perties of which are higher than those of a basic
material. Usually, alloys (powders) Ni-Cr-Mo
[5], hard alloys WC-Co-Cr [6, 8] and Cr3C2-Ni,
and oxide ceramics Al2O3, Al2O3-Cr2O3 [5, 7] are
used for such coatings.
In such a way, a combination two layers, for
example a thick layer of WC-Co-Cr hard alloy
of 100 µm, which was formed using cumulative
or detonation deposition, and Ti-Si-N thin upper
layer (units of a micron) with enhanced physical-
mechanical characteristics, which was formed by
subsequent condensation, was able to provide
higher protecting functions and restore worn
surface regions.
The aim of this work was manufacturing of
Ti-Si-N-, Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr- and Ti-Si-N/
(Cr3C2)75-(Ni-Cr)25– based coatings and inves-
tigation of their physical and mechanical
properties.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
Polished samples of St. 45 (0.45%C, Fe the rest)
of 4 mm and 20 mm diameter were coated using
vacuum-arc source with high-frequency dischar-
ge. Ti alloyed sintered cathode containing 5 to
10 wt.% of Si was deposited using the Bulat
3T-device functioning under 5⋅10–5 Pa vacuum
and 100 A cathode current. The sputtering was
carried out using two regimes: the standard vacu-
um-arc method, and HF-regime. A bias potential
was applied to the substrate from a HF generator,
which produced impulses of convergent oscil-
lations with ≤ 1 MHz frequency, every impulse
duration being 60 µs, their repetition frequency
– about 10 kHz. Due to HF diode effect the value
of negative auto bias potential occurring in the
substrate amounted to 2 to 3 kV at the beginning
of impulse (after start of a discharger operation).
Coatings of 2 to 3.5 µm thickness were deposited
to steel substrates of 20 and 30 mm diameter,
and 3 to 5 mm thickness without additional sub-
strate heating. A molecular nitrogen was emp-
loyed as a reactive gas The first series of rounded
steel 3 (0.3 wt.%C) samples of 20 mm diameter
and 4 to 5mm thickness was deposited using
cumulative-detonation device CDS-1 of the fol-
lowing parameters: 65 mm distance to a nozzle
cut, 14 mm/s displacement velocity, 5 runs, 12Hz
pulse repetition frequency (for WC-Co-Cr). After
the deposition, the 160 to 320јm thick coating
was melted by a plasma jet (without powder)
using eroding W electrode. A melted layer
thickness was 45 to 60 µm. Then, Ti-Si-N thin
coating of about 3 µm was deposited over the
thick one using the same device Bulat 3T (the
method was described above).
For the second series of samples, powder
mixture (Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 was used, with pow-
der size of 37.8 µm. The distance to a nozzle
was 70 mm, displacement velocity – 4 mm/sec,
4 passed, pulse repetition frequency was 12Hz,
capacity was C = 200 µF, and capacity battery
was 3.2 kV.
For Bulat 3T, conditions for thin coating de-
position remained the same.
For element analysis, we applied the follo-
wing methods: Rutherford back-scattering of
4He+ of 1.76MeV energy (RBS), scanning elect-
ron microscopy (SEM) with EDS (REMMA-
103M, Selmi, Ukraine), X-ray diffraction
(DRON-3 and Advantage 8, USA).
Hardness and elastic modulus were measured
using nanoindentation device Nanoindenter II,
MTS System Corporation, Oak Ridge TN (USA)
with Berkovich pyramid. Elastic modulus was
determined using “load-unload” curves, accor-
ding to Oliver-Pharr method [14]. Scanning tun-
ФІП ФИП PSE, 2010, т. 8, № 2, vol. 8, No. 2 183
Without external magnetic field this zone is:
42 10 e
C
n
δ ≈
π ⋅ , (4)
where c – is light velocity; n – is plasma density.
Under action of positive potential ions gained
energy for directed motion and bombarded the
antenna (under closed input mode) or an internal
surface of vacuum chamber and its inside
content. This bombardment cleaned the antenna
surface, chamber, and tools inside. Ion energy
may be controlled by drawing a fraction of
charges aside of the antennae by switching higher
resistance.
In this case, material sputtering occurred.
Maximum voltage amplitude at the beginning
of HF impulse was determined by energy value
of concrete ions under action of this electric field
and by corresponding sputtering efficiency of
coated material. The technological device [7, 14]
was constructed on the basis of vacuum chamber
(7). Grounded metallic walls of vacuum chamber
served simultaneously like an anode of vacuum-
arc discharge system. Negative potential from
an arc-discharge feeding source was applied to a
cathode (4), which was fabricated from a material
desired for further coating synthesis. A working
gas was fed through a gas line (5) using a leak
system (1). For additional chemical activation,
molecular gases were fed to the vacuum chamber.
They passed through a cylindrical quartz
discharge chamber (11), in which a generator (12)
produced periodically repeated spark discharges.
Tools were arranged on a movable table (8). HF
voltage was applied to a substrate (8) through
the matching device (9) from the HF generator.
In such a way, working with decreasing
voltage (fig. 2b) during every impulse, one can
join two main technological operations of coating
deposition (clearing and deposition), which
earlier were performed separately using devices
for vacuum-arc deposition. This allowed one to
choose better conditions for coating deposition
and saved time. Depositing Al2O3 and TiN
coatings, it was demonstrated that changing HF
voltage potential applied to substrate, one could
affect coating phase composition [14, 15].
Fig. 3 presents an image of nano-microcom-
posite surface for combined Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr
coating.
Fig. 4a presents RBS data for the thick
WC-Co-Cr coating without Ti-Si-N thin one.
A thin coating was formed using vacuum-arc
source and followed the coating surface relief
formed by plasma-detonation. Its average rough-
ness varies from 14 to 22 µm (after melting and
coating deposition using vacuum-arc source).
An image of X-ray energy dispersion spectrum
is presented below. It indicates the following ele-
Fig. 2b. A scheme of a technological system for coating
synthesis operating on the basis of a vacuum-arc discharge:
1 is a device for gas-feeding; 2 – sources for arc-discharge
feeding; 3 – measuring probe; 4 – a cathode; 5 – a gas li-
ne for gas-feeding; 6 – a double movable probe; 7 – a
vacuum chamber; 8 – a substrate; 9 – a device to match a
HF-generator; 10 – the HF-generator; 11 – a quartz tube
for dissociation of working gas molecules; 12 – power
source.
Fig. 3. Images of surface regions for nano-microcompo-
site combined coating Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25.
Fig. 4a. Energy spectra of Rutherford ion backscattering
(RBS) for thick coating WC-Co-Cr.
N.K. ERDYBAEVA
184
ment concentrations in the thin coating: N ∼ 7.0
to 7.52 vol.%; Si ∼ 0.7vol.%; Ti ∼ 76.70 to
81 vol.%. For the thick coating we found
Fe ∼ 0.7 vol.%, and traces of Ni and Cr.
Results for combined coating are presented
below, fig.4b.
Element distribution, which was calculated
according to a standard program [5], indicated
N = 30 at.%; Si ≈ 5 to 6 at.%; Ti ≈ 63 to 64 at.%.
Spectrum of thick coating did not allow us to
evaluate element concentration due to high sur-
face roughness of the coating formed by plas-
ma-detonation method.
X-ray analysis of a combined nanocomposite
coating is shown in fig. 5.
It indicates the following phases: (Ti, Si)N;
TiN – for thin coating, and WC; W2C – for thick
one.
Special samples were prepared for hardness
measurements. Their surfaces were grinded and
then polished. After grinding, thickness of WC-
Co-Cr thick coating decreased to 80 – 90 µm.
Thin Ti-Si-N film of about 3 µm was condensed
to the grinded surface. As a result, we found that
hardness of different regions essentially varied
within 29 ± 4GPa to 32 ± 6GPa. Probably, it is
related to non-uniformity of plasma-detonation
coating surface, which hardness varied up 11.5
to 17.3 GPa. These hardness values remained
after condensation of Ti-Si-N thin coating Elastic
modulus also features non-ordinary behavior.
Hardness of the thin coating, which was
deposited to a polished steel St.45( 0.45%C)
surface had maximum value of 48GPa, and its
average value Hav was 45 GPa. Variation of
hardness values was lower than that found in a
combined coating.
Fig. 6 shows dependences of loading-
unloading for various indentation depths.
These dependences and calculations, which
were performed according to Oliver-Pharr
technique [14], indicated that hardness of Ti-Si-
N coatings deposited to thick (Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25
was 37.0 ± 4.0 GPa under E = 483 GPa.
Fig. 7 shows fragments of diffraction patterns
for nano-microcomposite combined coating
Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(Ni-Cr)25.
Fig. 4b. Energy spectra of Rutherford ion backscattering
(RBS) for top thin coating Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr.
Fig. 5. Diffraction patterns fragments obtained for sur-
face region of nano-microcomposite combined coating
Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/steel substrate.
Fig. 6. Loading-unloading curves for Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr
coating under various Berkovich indentation depths.
Fig. 7. Diffraction patterns for combined nano-micro-
composite coating Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25.
NANO-MICROCOMPOSITE AND COMBINED COATINGS ON Ti-Si-N/WC-Co-Cr/STEEL AND Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 BASE: THEIR ...
ФІП ФИП PSE, 2010, т. 8, № 2, vol. 8, No. 2ФІП ФИП PSE, 2010, т. 8, № 2, vol. 8, No. 2
ФІП ФИП PSE, 2010, т. 8, № 2, vol. 8, No. 2 185
These diffraction patterns and calculations
of coating structure parameters are presented in
tabl. 1.
In the coating, basic phases are Cr3Ni2 for the
bottom thick coating and (Ti, Si)N and TiN for
the thin top coating. Diffraction patterns were
taken under cobalt emission. Additionally, we
found phases of pure Cr and low concentration
of titanium oxide (Ti9O17) at interphase boundary
between thin-thick coatings. Peaks of Ti-Si-N
and TiN coincided because of low Si content.
(Ti, Si)N is solid solution based on TiN (Si
penetration). The phases are well distinguished
at 72 to 73° angles.
Fig. 8 shows regions of thick bottom (Cr3C)75-
(NiCr)25 coating and intensity distribution of
X-ray emission for basic elements.
In this coating, content of basic elements is
the following: nickel and chromium – 36 wt.%
and 64 wt.%, respectively. Also, we found car-
bon, oxygen, and silicon.[17, 18] Transversal
cross-sections did not allow us to distinguish thin
upper coating due to its low thickness. We found
regions for pure nickel and chromium. Nickel
matrix (a white region) indicated high amount
of chromium inclusions with various grain
dimensions: small grains of < 1 µm, average –
of 4 to 5 µm, and big – of 15 to 20 µm.
The white region is reach in Ni (to 90at.%).
A grey region is reach in Cr (to 92at.%). In these
experiments. The inset of fig. 8 shows higher
resolution element composition distribution in
Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 nano-microcomposite
Table 1
Calculation results for coating parameters and structures
№ Angle Area Intensity Half-width % max Phase hkl
1 28,437 8,511 37 0,4512 3,6416 100,00 Ti9O17
106
004
2 30,648 3,083 13 0,4518 3,3845 36,84 Ti9O17
0210
123
3 42,771 10,885 20 1,0490 2,4530 65,79 Ti-Si-N+TiN 111
111
4 49,332 13,862 13 1,9890 2,1413 34,21 Cr3Ni2
Ti-Si-N
321
200
5 49,993 17,418 15 2,2322 2,1168 34,47 TiN
Ti9O17
200
1223
110
6 50,533 6,528 12 1,0335 2,0956 44,74 Cr3Ni2 330
7 52,134 2,782 15 0,3553 2,0355 39,47
Cr3Ni2
Cr
Ni
202
110
111
8 72,500 18,056 18 1,8950 1,5127 47,37 Ti9O17
Ti-Si-N
3130
220
9 73,040 11,106 13 1,5950 1,5030 52,63 TiN 220
Interplanar
Fig. 8a. Regions of transversal cross-section for combined
coatings (lines of element analysis are indicated) from
SEM and EDS analyses.
Fig. 8b. Element distribution over depth of combined coa-
ting Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 for the regions indicated
in fig.8a.
N.K. ERDYBAEVA
186
coating. In a thin nano-composite layer, one can
see high Ti concentration, presence of Si, and
high enough nitrogen content exceeding 6.7
wt.%.
Fig. 9 shows results of wear resistance tests,
which were performed according to a scheme
“cylinder-plane”.
These results demonstrated the lowest friction
wear for Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 system and
the highest friction wear for substrate.
Adhesion between thin Ti-Si-N coating and
thick (Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25 one was 1.75 times
higher than between Ti-Si-N and WC-Co-Cr. In
addition, adhesion between thick (Cr3C2)75-
(NiCr)25 coating and steel (substrate) was 7.2
times higher and more than 12.5 times higher
than between thick WC-Co-Cr coating and steel
(substrate). Maximum adhesion value of about
292N/m was found in the case of Ti-Si-N ’!
(Cr3C2)75-(NiCr)25.
CONCLUSION
Thick (> 100 јm) nanocomposite coatings of Ti-
Si-N/WC-Co-Cr and Ti-Si-N/(Cr3C2)75(NiCr)25
compositions were formed and investigated.
In the first series of samples, thin coatings
contained (Ti, Si)N and TiN phases. Grain di-
mensions were about 25 nm. Hardness reached
38 GPa.
In the second series of samples, in thin coating
grain dimensions were smaller – about 15 nm.
Hardness reached 42 to 44 GPa. Phase compo-
sition was the same – (Ti, Si)N and TiN. Si and
N concentrations changed from 10 at.% to 5 at.%
for Si and from 30 at.% to 20 at.% for N.
Wear resistance increased essentially, which
was demonstrated by cylinder-to-sample surface
friction. Corrosion resistance and other mecha-
nical characteristics also increased.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The work was supported by projects ISTCs
K-1198 and NAS of Ukraine “Nanosystems,
Nanocoatings, Nanomaterils”.
The author acknowledge Drs.S.B.Kislitsyn,
Yu.Zh.Tuleushev from Institute for Nuclear
Physics, NNC, Almaty,Prof A.D.Pogrebnjak
from Sumy State University,Sumy Institute for
Surface Modification, Prof. F.F. Komarov from
Belarus State University, Minsk for their help in
RBS analysis and corrosion tests.
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