Central Action of Botulinum Toxin Type A – is it Possible?
Botulinum toxin (BoTx) is a product of gram-positive anaerobic bacteria of the Clostridium genus. At present, seven serotypes (A to G) of BoTx have been identified. Each of them functions as a zinc-dependent endopeptidase that hydrolyzes peptide bonds within soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fac...
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| Date: | 2015 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Інститут фізіології ім. О.О. Богомольця НАН України
2015
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| Series: | Нейрофизиология |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/148213 |
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| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Central Action of Botulinum Toxin Type A – is it Possible? / M. Galazka, D. Soszynski, K. Dmitruk // Нейрофизиология. — 2015. — Т. 47, № 4. — С. 380-390. — Бібліогр.: 90 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| Summary: | Botulinum toxin (BoTx) is a product of gram-positive anaerobic bacteria of the Clostridium
genus. At present, seven serotypes (A to G) of BoTx have been identified. Each of them
functions as a zinc-dependent endopeptidase that hydrolyzes peptide bonds within soluble
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attaching protein receptors. BoTx affects proteins required
for neurotransmitter release through presynaptic membranes. As a result, muscle weakness
develops, or complete paralysis of the muscles occurs. These effects are not only limited
to striated muscles but also may have impact on smooth muscles and secretory glands. The
observation that BoTx can diffuse from the site of administration may indicate the possibility
of direct or indirect influence of the toxin on the CNS. Consequently, the question arises:
What is the mechanism of the central action of BoTx? Several mechanisms of such action
have been proposed. However, recent findings showed that the most probable mechanism
responsible for the central effects of BoTx action is its anterograde transport. In this review,
we describe and discuss the most important aspects related to BoTx action on the CNS. |
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